[en] In order to make a contribution towards the general and consequent application of the regulations, the author has tried not only to give a compilation of the relevant legal regulations, but also to present concrete and practice-oriented advice with regard to the main regulations. These hints will make it easier for the persons concerned to apply the regulations properly, to pay attention to prohibitions, and to utilize possible facilitations and exemptions in a permissible way. In this context, not only the complete regulations of the Radiation Protection Ordinance, but also parts of the Atomic Energy Act and the Financial Security Ordinance find mention, legal regulations which are closely connected with the Radiation Protection Ordinance. (orig./HP)

[en] Starting with the reasons for the issuing of the X-ray ordinance, the content of the single paragraphs of the ordinance are discussed. Besides the required preconditions for the operation of X-ray equipment such as notification procedures, experts' opinions, expert evidence as well as other duties to be fulfilled by the operator, the operation regulations themselves are gone into in detail. They are concerned with the persons performing certain activities or duties as well as the equipment and rooms and in particular with the type and manner of X-ray application in view of the health of the patients. Connected with this, the right of the inspecting authorities stated in paragraph 37 and 38 to order measures or tests to be carried out by experts and to punish offences against regulations of the ordinance, as stated in paragraph 52, is also dealt with. (ORU/LH)

[en] The paper points out the currently valid provisions as regards the definition of 'persons professionally exposed to radiation' under the present X-Ray Ordinance, inadequate for practical purposes as compared to the draft amendment of the X-Ray Ordinance. The draft amendment retains the distinction between categories A and B for professionally exposed persons. For groups of persons belonging to categories A and B, different dose limits for the effective dose and partial body doses are laid down. In future, the partial body dose limits for exposed persons in category B will be distinctly higher for the hands with 150 mSv/a (15 rem/a) than hitherto. The radiation protection officer has the task of classifying personnel in their respective categories and will be responsible to the inspection authority for that classification. Under the German radiation protection law, exposure of personnel beyond the dose limits laid down is an offence against the public order only where such exposure was willfully or negligently brought about. (TRV)

[en] The author gives a compilation of regulations issued on the Radiation Protection Ordinance of October 13, 1976 which go to rectify or fill up undetermined legal terms. Giving the accurate headings and sources, he lists the regulations. They deal with the generation of ionizing radiation, the model licence according to sect. 20 a of the Radiation Protection Ordinance, and with the medical field; in terms of technology with the physical control of radiation protection, licences for a change in the site of the utilization and the storage of sealed radioactive substances, for their handling, with the qualification approval for ionization smoke alarms, with checking periods for leak tests, tightness controls, with the interpretation of sect. 4 para 4 Nr. 2e StrlSchV of the Radiation Protection Ordinance, with licences for provisional storage. An urgently expected guideline for the assessing of the required expert knowledge of the Commissioner for Radiation Protection in the non-medical field has not been issued so far. (HSCH)

[en] The major changes in the new Radiation Protection Ordinance compared to the old one are briefly discussed from the practical point of view. (HP)

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[en] During the past few decades there has been an increase in the production of many types of electronic devices such as rectifying tubes, thyratrons, klystrons, magnetrons, etc., containing elements capable of emitting undesirable X-radiation. These components are not only found in equipment used in industry and research laboratories, but also in devices of a more domestic nature, such as colour television sets, usually low in energy, this radiation may nevertheless constitute a health hazard for many users of such devices and may affect not only workers but even the population as a whole. The Commission of the European Communities (Euratom) felt it was desirable to review the state of the art with regard to problems of radiological protection arising in the manufacture, repair and use of such electronic equipment and to seek suitable technical and administrative solutions. In conjunction with the Centre Physique Atomique et Nucleaire of the Paul Sabatier University, the Commission held an International Symposium in Toulouse on 3-6 November 1970, which was attended by manufacturers of electronic equipment, officials of technical inspection bodies and representatives of public health and occupational safety authorities. The following items were discussed: classification and identification of sources of parasitic X-rays, methods of measuring soft X-rays, biological aspects of exposure to soft X-rays, performance standards and methods for testing and inspecting electronic equipment. The Symposium was followed attentively by 180 delegates from 21 countries and international organizations, and was concluded by a round table discussion at which the chairmen of the different sessions, assisted by experts, drew conclusions from their sessions and from the discussions, pointing up the problems which needed most urgently to be studied. This document contains the texts, in their original versions, of the papers presented at the meetings, together with the minutes of the discussions and of the final round table meeting