[en] Electron momentum spectroscopy and Ionization potential of some silanes and ammines has been calculated and compared with results of (e, 2e) experiments. (Author)

[en] Information on ionization theories obtainable in dypole and binary (e,2e) experiments is discussed. Some data taken in asymmetric kinematics on He are presented. (Auth.)

[en] WS₂ is two-dimensional layered material which the electronic band gap is dependent on the number of layers. From application point of view, the WS₂ few layers are good candidate for nano scale flexible electronics . In this study, the WS₂ number of layers is modified using liquid phase exfoliation method. The blue shift of WS₂ supernatant absorption peaks suggested the change of layer thickness compare to the non-exfoliated one. This supernatant is further deposited on Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) to create a flexible multilayer WS₂ thin films. The morphology and the content of the thin film are confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS), respectively. The Raman and photoluminescence spectroscopy show typical characteristics of WS₂ multilayers which are dominated by W-S vibrations, exciton contributions, as well as the local defect and strain effects. Furthermore, the electrical characterization reveals the robustness of the WS₂ electronic properties again the mechanical stretching. This study highlights the abundant optical and electrical characterization of WS₂ multilayer which are applicable for flexible electronic devices. (paper)

[en] In this paper information on ionization theories obtainable in dypole and binary (e,2e) experiments is discussed. Some data taken in asymmetric kinematics on He are presented. (Author)

[en] The reaction of phenylium and d-phenylium ions with molecular deuterium has been investigated both experimentally and theoretically. Theoretical calculations have been carried out at the B3LYP/6-31G* level of theory. The key features of the potential energy surfaces and all the relevant thermochemical parameters have been calculated. These results are in good agreement with previous theoretical studies concerning the unimolecular dissociation of benzenium ions. Theoretical calculations provide a clear insight on the reaction mechanisms for the system under study. Experimental studies have been carried out by means of a guided beam tandem mass spectrometer. We have measured the reaction cross section for four different reaction channels, as a function of the collision energy, in the range from thermal energies up to about 1 eV. The bimolecular reactivity of C₆H₅⁺ is dominated by the substitution of one or two hydrogen atoms by deuterium, leading to the formation of C₆H₄D⁺ and C₆H₃D₂⁺ products. The reaction cross section is nearly the same for the two reaction channels. This fact is interpreted as evidence of a statistical behavior, as expected by assuming a fast shift of hydrogen (deuterium) within the aromatic ring. Another very weak reaction channel leading to the formation of the benzene ion has been measured. The cross section for such a process is lower than about 10^-2 A² over the entire energy range explored in our experiment. A structure observed at collision energies around about 0.1 eV has been attributed to the reaction of phenylium ions in their triplet state. When the density of the gas in the scattering cell is increased, the formation of collisionally stabilized benzenium ions is observed

[en] Biochar is one of the progressive material used for many application in pharmaceutical food, chemical and electrochemical industry. To manufacture the biochar, one of the main obstacle is derived from the preparation process and characteristics of the biochar source. Coconut shell is one of the abundant material usually used as biochar source. However, the coconut shell have a hard-shell which is practically is not easy to process it manually. Therefore, in this study we design and fabricate a simple and low cost ball mill. The goals of this research is to customize the coconut shell powder as technical grade for biochar source using a laboratory ball mill. The laboratory ball mill consist of a steel bowl, steel ball and a vibrator. The fabricated ball mill was tested to 1 mm, 10 mm and 1-10 mm of coconut shell chips for three series of testing to evaluate the grinding capability and reproducibility. For 30 minutes of testing, the ball mill has produce the powder coconut shell about (26.07 ± 1.2) %; (22.69 ± 1.58) % and (16.24 ± 0.52) % respectively for 1 mm, 10 mm and 1-10 mm of coconut shell chips. The high reproducibility of the ball mill show that it has potential for powder coconut shell preparation machine. (paper)

[en] Pyrolysis is known as a heating method which can decompose biomass to be the char in the absence of oxygen by providing carrier gas into the furnace. In practice, not all laboratories are equipped with carrier gas. Especially in large scale production, high cost production become the main problem. In this study, we propose simple pyrolysis method without carrier gas to produce coconut shell char as one of the biomass sources. The purpose of this research was to produce the coconut shell char using the simple pyrolysis method to obtain high purity carbon with low oxygen content. Experimental studies focused on the additional treatments complement to the pyrolysis process of the coconut shell. These treatments are proposed to minimize the oxygen content in the char. In this case, the oxygen bind to the carbon can reduce the carbon pore size. The produced coconut shell char were characterized by employing SEM-EDX, XRD, FTIR and Nitrogen Isotherm Physisorption. It was found that the treatments potential to reduce the oxygen content, contaminant and also increase the carbon yield. (paper)

[en] We have investigated, both theoretically and experimentally, the reactions of naphthylium C₁₀H₇⁺ and d-naphthylium C₁₀D₇⁺ ions with H₂ and D₂. Cross sections as functions of the collision energy have been measured for a variety of reaction channels. Theoretical calculations have been carried out at the density functional theory level which utilizes the hybrid functional B3LYP and the split-valence 6-31G* basis set. The key features of the potential energy surfaces and the relevant thermochemical parameters have been calculated and they provide insights on the reaction mechanisms. The bimolecular reactivity of C₁₀H₇⁺ with H₂ is dominated by the production of naphthalene cation C₁₀H₈⁺. The reaction is not a direct atom-abstraction process, but instead it proceeds via the formation of a stable intermediate complex C₁₀H₉⁺ of σ type geometry, with a significant mobility of hydrogen along the ring. This mobility allows the scrambling of the hydrogen atoms and causes the successive statistical fragmentation of the complex into a variety of product channels. Elimination of one H(D) atom appears to be favored over elimination of one H₂ or HD molecule. Alternatively, the intermediate complex can be stabilized either by collision with a third body or by emission of a photon

[en] <100>GaAs crystals were implanted with 140 keV Zn ions at random incidence and a dose of 10¹⁴ cm^-2. Annealing by a low-power pulsed laser was used to recover the radiation damage. The samples were analysed by RHEED and RBS techniques. The effect of the annealing on the recovery of structure defects in GaAs is reported. (orig.)

[en] This book contains the abstracts of the papers presented at the III Meeting of the Structure and Reactivity of Molecular Ions-SRMI European Network. Content: 1 - Invited talks: - Non adiabatic ion-atom collisions by crossed molecular beams; - Competitive isomerization and dissociation of energy selected organic ions; - Charge transfer effects on the range, strength, and anisotropy of interatomic forces; - A trajectory study of the reaction O^- + HF → OH + F^-; - Calculations on reaction dynamics of ions; - Mid-infrared spectra of ionic proton-bound complexes: intramolecular interactions and solvation effects; - A product-state resolved study of the reaction of O^- with D₂ and H₂; - Differential cross sections, measured with Guided-Ion-Beams; - Vector correlation analysis for electron-ion coincidences experiments. Photoionization of O₂ in the 20-25 eV region; - Dissociation of COS⁺ ion by photoionisation - Experiments and ab-initio calculations; - State-selected ion-molecule reactions at low collision energies; - Calculation of resonances in molecular complexes; - Ion-molecule reactions: Applications for on-line monitoring of volatile organic compounds at ppb concentrations; - CRESU studies of electron attachment at low temperatures; - Spectroscopy and astrophysics of molecular ions; - Reactions of H₃O⁺.(H₂O)_0,1,2,3, NO⁺ and O₂⁺ with some organic molecules. 2 - Poster session: - Toward ultrahigh mass resolution detection of 25 atmospheric trace gases: a preliminary study using the Orsay Tricyclotron; - Investigation of volatile organic compounds in urban air by proton-transfer mass spectrometry (PTR-MS); - Chemical reaction of dications: a beam scattering study of CF₂D⁺ and CF₂⁺ formation in CF₂⁺⁺ D₂ collisions; - Reactions in collisions of fine structure state selected argon ions with H₂, and Krypton ions with CH₄, measured with a new PEPICO apparatus; - Charge-transfer reactions between fast neutral ions and stored ions in the new TITAP apparatus; - Rotational relaxation of N₂⁺(X²Σ_g, v = 0, J) probed by laser-induced charge transfer with Ar; - Charge transfer of krypton ions with methane molecules from thermal energy to 10 eV; - Crossed molecular beam study of chemiluminescent inelastic collisions in the Rb-Rb* system; - Association versus charge transfer in the reaction of O₂⁺ and Xe⁺ with acetonitrile; - Semiclassical coupled wave packet treatment of the reaction H₂⁺(v) + Ar → ArH⁺ + H; - Pairwise energy model applied to exothermic ion-molecule reactions; - A combined experimental and theoretical study of the charge exchange-excitation reaction: He⁺ + H₂ → HeH⁺ + H*; - Effect of translation-to-vibration resonances on low energy H⁺ + O₂(X ³Σ_g^*, v = 0) → H⁺ + O₂⁺(2 Π_g, v'') charge transfer cross section; - Energy dependence of the isomerization of HCN⁺ to CNH⁺ via ion molecule reactions; - Thermodynamic data on the HCN/HCN⁺ system; - Alignment and orientation of auto-ionized oxygen atoms produced by O₂ photodissociation; - Molecule frame photoelectron angular distribution in oriented CF₃X (X= Cl, Br) using the ARPEPICOI technique; - Spectroscopy and reactivity of ionic benzene-water clusters; - Stability and reactivity of water cluster ions; - Existence of two internal energy distributions in jet formed heteroclusters: examples of the anthracene-argon system (n≤6); - Configuration dependence of electron transfer in jet cooled van der Waals complexes: experiment and modelling; - Dissociative recombination of rare gas hydrides; - Photoionization and EELS studies of fluoranthene and fullerenes; - Cheap and correct potential surfaces for ionic clusters; - Accurate ab initio calculations of potential energy curves and transition dipole moments of the Ar₂⁺ system; - High resolution infrared absorption spectrum of N₄⁺; - Surface induced dissociation of molecular and cluster ions; - Electron impact ionization and attachment under high energy resolution; - Radiation emission from the ion-ion recombination reaction of NO⁺ with Cl^- and I^-; - Dissociative ionization of methyl chloride and methyl bromide by collision with metastable neon atoms; - A quasi-classical and approximate quantum mechanical study of the isotope effect in proton transfer elementary reactions: the Ne + HD⁺ → NeH⁺ (NeD⁺) + D(H) system