[en] The terms 'devitrified glass' and 'glassy metals' show how variable the properties of the material glass have become today. The applications range from electronic components, glass hotplates on cookers and embedding material for atomic waste to the production of huge telescope mirrors. (orig.)

[en] Published in summary form only

[en] Further studies of e⁺e^- annihilations in the UPSILON region at the DESY storage ring DORIS have yielded improved results on the properties of the UPSILON mesons. For the UPSILON-meson the leptonic width GAMMAsub(ee) and branching ratios Bsub(μμ) are found to be GAMMAsub(ee) = 1.29 +- 0.07 keV and Bsub(μμ) = 3.2 +- 0.8 %. This gives a total width of the UPSILON-meson of GAMMAsub(tot) = 40⁺¹³sub(-8) keV. The leptonic width of the UPSILON'meson was determined to GAMMA sub(ee)(UPSILON') = 0.57 +- 0.06 keV. The UPSILON mesons are by now well established. They represent quarkonium states of the heavy quark b and its antiquark. From the leptonic width of the UPSILON mesons the charge of the b quark was found to be esub(b) = -1/3. The mass spectrum is well known up to the UPSILON''' mass just above the flavor threshold. It has been shown that the UPSILON decay pattern can be understood by assuming that it consists mainly of decays into 3 gluons. This implies that the width of the UPSILON meson should be rather small, comparable to that of the J/psi particle which is 69 keV. Since up to now the upper limit for GAMMAsub(tot)(UPSILON) amounted to some few MeV it was highly desirable to improve this situation. The main point of my talk is therefore to present an accurate value of this basic quantity. (orig.)

[en] Using electrical resistivity measurements the recovery of low temperatur (4.7 K) irradiated Pb has been investigated dependent on electron dose and energy. Also activation energy measurements has been done by 'Change of Slope'-method. The dose dependent recovery stage in the temperature region 140 K - 190 K has been determined as free migration of single vacancies with migration energy Ωsub(1v)sup(m) = 0.43 eV (stage III). In the last recovery stage at room temperature (stage V) the vacancy-clusters should dissociate with an activation energy Ω = 1.05 eV which is equal to the self-diffusion energy of Pb. Stage I (migration of the self-interstitials) seems to be below irradiation temperature. Using damage rate measurements the threshold energy to produce Frenkel defects in Pb with electron irradiation has been determined to 0.7 MeV that means 12.5 eV maximum transferred energy. (orig.)

[en] This book introduces to the main fundamental facts, methods, and applications of nuclear physics, connected with the illumination of the conceptional theoretical property of this field as well its specific research methods. The experimental foundation of the results remains thereby always the central part of the course. Besides the special dangers are made conscious of which result from the applications of nuclear physics to man and environments, as well as the possibilities to their avoiding are discussed. (orig.)

No abstract available

[en] Quality assurance of the steels used for the construction of containments for nuclear power plants is an important factor in safety technology of these power stations. The article briefly reports on the selection of materials and their complete process of production, manifested by numerous documents and tested according to the most different methods, from the melt until the finished workpiece resp. the finished construction. (IHOE)

[en] This final report contains experimental results on mechanical properties (creep, fatigue, tensile) and microstructural investigations (SEM, TEM) of pre-implanted samples of steels or alloys. (AISI 316, AISI 316L, DIN 1.4970, JPCA 8206, DIN 1.4914; Incoloy 800H, Hastelloy X, DIN 1.4981, (Fe_0.49 Ni_0.51)₃V, Fe17Ni17Cr, Fe15Ni15Cr, Nimonic PE 16, Ni8Si). Furthermore theoretical aspects and developed models and mechanisms for helium embrittlement are described. This report is presented in the form of an extended summary without figures. (MM)

[en] Helium in metals is investigated for different reasons: most interesting for the materials technology is the so-called ''helium embrittlement''. This is the effect of the sometimes dramatically reduced ductility and lifetime of structural materials in advanced fission reactors induced by helium. Similar effects are expected or respectively feared in future fusion reactors or large (high flux) particle accelerators (e.g. spallation neutron sources). On the other hand the system helium-metal has also gained interest in basic physical science because of special properties (e.g. ist practically unsoluable in metals). This work reviews the present knowledge of the physical properties of the helium precipitates (so-called helium bubbles) in metals as well as the effects of them on the mechanical properties of structural metals and alloys. It should be emphasized that this work more describes the present understanding of the underlying mechanisms of the observed effects than completely lists all the work done in the field. (orig.)

[en] The phenomenology and experimental situation on Banti B mixing is reviewed. From Υ(4S) data the mixing strength for B⁰anti B⁰ mixing is determined to be r = 0.181 ± 0.043 corresponding to a value χ_d = 1/(1+r) = 0.153 ± 0.031. From the observtion of like sign lepton pairs in the panti p, e⁺e^- continuum and at the Z⁰ an average value for B⁰anti B⁰ and B_santi B_s mising of χ = (0.148±0.018) is obtained. This implies for B_santi B_s mixing a value χ_s > 0.37. The possibilities to measure directly B_santi B_s mixing are discussed. (orig.)