[en] The ranges in which the normal structures in the pelvis located and were visualized by transaxial computed tomography were measured in 94 normal females. (Chiba, N.)

[en] Being a semi-fixed organ, the normal uterus showed variable shapes on CT, but generally, demonstrated a single solid pattern with a smooth margin, in continuation to the vaginal portion. The vaginal portion was visualized as a solid form localized in the cavity, and the uterine cervix and body appeared in series. The uterus usually emerged at 2 - 3 cm above the pubis, and the uterine base was revealed by the distance of 9 cm. By non-contrast enhancement, CT values were 40 - 55 Hounsfield unit (HU) at an almost iso-density with the surrounding organs. By 10 minute drip infusion (most desirable in view of duration) of 100 ml of 65% angiografin, CT values increased in correlation with the blood concentration of the drug, showing a peak of over 100 HU. The rate of this increase was low in other organs. CT values of the greatest gluteal muscle visualized at each level of inrapelvic CT were 40 - 60 HU by means of pre-contrast and less than 80 HU in the maximum of post-contrast. The ileopsoas muscle showed similar values. (Chiba, N.)

[en] A restrospective analysis was carried out of 17 magnetic resonance images obtained in 13 patients with histologically proven endometrial cyst. Endometrial cysts were seen as high-intensity areas on short and long spin echo and inversion recovery images. This is in sharp contrast with images of other gynecologic masses such as ovarian and uterine masses. Endometrial cysts had evidently decreased Tl when compared with other gynecologic masses. Magnetic resonance imaging proved to have a great potential in the differentiation of endometrial cysts from cystic ovarian masses and some uterus myoma that is frequently difficult on ultrasound and X-ray computed tomography. (Namekawa, K.)

[en] Various imaging methods of endometrial cancer were evaluated. Transabdominal ultrasound tomography, intracavitary radial scanning ultrasound tomography, CT and gallium-67 scintigraphy were reviewed, and their clinical usefulness was described. (Chiba, N.)

[en] On 785 patients who received the standard radiotherapy for carcinoma colli at the Department of Gynecology, Okayama University and whose 5-years prognosis was clear, the relation of irradiation dose to prognosis according to progress stage and rectal disturbances were examined. Temporary criteria were obtained for the total dose of external irradiation and of intracavitary irradiation and their distributional ratio in Japanese according to the stage of clinical progress. (Chiba, N.)

[en] A double-blind comparative study of CG(L-cysteine) tablets and approved drugs (CG capsules) was made to assess clinical effects of CG tablets on leukopenia. The subjects were 75 patients with cancer of the uterine cervix in whom the number of WBC was 4,500-7,500/mm before irradiation. The ratios of patients who kept WBC as 3,500/mm or more were 64.7% in the group with CG tablets and 50% in the group with CG capsules with no statistical significance. The ratios of patients who kept WBC as 3,000/mm or more were 82.4% in the group with CG tablets and 79.4% in the group with CG capsules with no statistical significance. The ratios to prevent leukopenia were 70.6% in the group with CG tablets and 58.8% in the group with CG capsules with no significant difference. Other hematological findings, subjective symptoms and the performance of radiotherapeutic protocol were not different between the groups. No marked side effects were observed. These results suggest that CG tablets, as well as CG capsules, are effective for preventing leukopenia resulting from radiotherapy. (Namekawa, K.)

[en] The 5 year survival rate of cervical cancer in Japan is 86% in Stage I, 67% in stage II, 37% in Stage III, and 12% in Stage IV separately. In the early cancer as Stage 0 and Stage Ia even 100% and 93% survival rates can be achieved, so in this group, reduction operation for function reservation is recommended. On the other hand in the advanced cancer, the result of the treatment is unsatisfied yet, and better therapy must be considered. This report discuss the effect and the limit of operation therapy and postoperative radiotherapy, as well as the prognosis and side-effect of the radiotherpy in the viewpoint of the doses. (author)

[en] In the diagnostic imaging of female pelvic lesions, the recognition of the uterus is considered to be an essential step for analyzing the image. Ultrasonically, the presence of uterus can be confirmed by echo pattern and level of intensity, and in CT, by the pattern and density. In both modalities, the uterine image is widely accepted as smoothly outlined solid mass Nevertheless, pathological findings show a wide range of variety in the image. With some obstructive cause of cervical canal, uterine body is displayed to be cystic, that is ''cystic uterus''. The cystic uterus, especially associated with neoplasma, must be differentiated from other cystic lesions. In such cystic uterus, the following images in CT and US can usually be observed: (1) close-up of tumor with vagina, (2) positional relationship of tumor with pelvic structures, especially ureters, (3) characteristic shape-smoothly outlined, gourd-shaped cystic lesion, (4) homogeneously thick, ''high density'' mass wall. (5) Partial projection of mass wall into cavity, so called ''cervical sign'', (6) nature of accumulated fluid containing the necrotic debris, suggesting the endometrial neoplastic change, and (7) rule out the other solid mass from pelvic cavity. (author)

[en] Six pregnant women with convulsions between 25 to 40 weeks of gestation were experienced. Among them, 4 patients were diagnosed as having intracranial hemorrhage and two as simple eclampsia. With the aid of brain CT scan, one case of arteriovenous malformation was detected and treated surgically with good prognosis for both the mother and the fetus. Two patients were diagnosed to have cerebral hemorrhage with subsequent penetration into the lateral ventricles and were treated conservatively. Their fetuses were delivered alive by cesarean section, but the mothers expired. The other patient with cerebral hemorrhage was treated surgically, and both the mother and the fetus survived. One of the simple eclampsia patients was noted to have a growth retarded fetus at 32 weeks of pregnancy with subsequent intra-uterine death, but the mother recovered after conservative treatment. Another patient at 40 weeks of pregnancy was also treated conservatively and both the fetus and the mother survived. Brain CT scan findings differed between these two eclampsia patients; local brain edema for the second patient and generalized brain edema for the first patient. Thus more active application of brain CT scan is recommended in managing pregnant patients with convulsions. (author)

[en] The value of MRI was compared with that of US with respect to noninvasiveness, indications, time of examination, artifacts, and potential of differential diagnosis of masses in 44 patients with surgery- or biopsy-proven ovarian masses. MRI was superior in the qualitative diagnosis of cystic masses because of high contrast resolution. It had more sensitivity to blood components than US. A major disadvantage of MRI was longer time required for examination. (Namekawa, K.)