[en] Recently, QCD processes involving a heavy quark at energies much smaller than its mass have been examined in an effective field theory approach. In this open-quotes heavy quark theory,close quotes the mass of the quark is taken to infinity while its four velocity is held fixed. The effective theory has a large set of symmetries because of the decoupling of the flavor (when the kinematic dependence on masses is removed) and spin of the heavy quark from its interactions with the light degrees of freedom. As a consequence, several matrix elements of the theory are determined in terms of a single function, the Isgur-Wise function. Being nonperturbative in character, this function is not fully calculable. However, it has a calculable logarithmic dependence on the masses of the heavy particles, arising from QCD effects in the full theory. Some extensions of the standard model contain heavy color triplet scalars. It is instructive therefore to consider the analogous effective field theory for scalars. In processes where pair production does not occur, the statistics of the heavy particles are irrelevant, and their interactions are identical with those of quarks. Thus there is a open-quotes super flavor symmetryclose quotes that interchanges quarks and scalars, and a flavor symmetry between scalars. Again, these symmetries determine several matrix elements involving scalars up to the same Isgur-Wise function. In this thesis, the logarithmic mass dependence of the operators φ₂^†φ₁, φ₂^†(i∂^μφ₁), and (i∂^μφ₂)^†φ₁ is calculated. The latter two operators mix under renormalization

[en] The melting of ice under pressure is investigated with a series of first principles molecular dynamics simulations. In particular, a two-phase approach is used to determine the melting temperature of the ice-VII phase in the range of 10 to 50 GPa. Our computed melting temperatures are consistent with existing diamond anvil cell experiments. We find that for pressures between 10 to 40 GPa, ice melts as a molecular solid. For pressures above ∼45 GPa there is a sharp increase in the slope of the melting curve due to the presence of molecular dissociation and proton diffusion in the solid, prior to melting. The onset of significant proton diffusion in ice-VII as a function of increasing temperature is found to be gradual and bears many similarities to that of a type-II superionic solid

[en] The Used Fuel Disposition (UFD) Campaign within the Department of Energy's Office of Nuclear Energy (DOE-NE) Fuel Cycle Technology (FCT) program has been tasked with investigating the disposal of the nation's spent nuclear fuel (SNF) and high-level nuclear waste (HLW) for a range of potential waste forms and geologic environments. The planning, construction, and operation of a nuclear disposal facility is a long-term process that involves engineered barriers that are tailored to both the geologic environment and the waste forms being emplaced. The UFD Campaign is considering a range of fuel cycles that in turn produce a range of waste forms. The UFD Campaign is also considering a range of geologic media. These ranges could be thought of as adding uncertainty to what the disposal facility design will ultimately be; however, it may be preferable to thinking about the ranges as adding flexibility to design of a disposal facility. For example, as the overall DOE-NE program and industrial actions result in the fuel cycles that will produce waste to be disposed, and the characteristics of those wastes become clear, the disposal program retains flexibility in both the choice of geologic environment and the specific repository design. Of course, other factors also play a major role, including local and State-level acceptance of the specific site that provides the geologic environment. In contrast, the Yucca Mountain Project (YMP) repository license application (LA) is based on waste forms from an open fuel cycle (PWR and BWR assemblies from an open fuel cycle). These waste forms were about 90% of the total waste, and they were the determining waste form in developing the engineered barrier system (EBS) design for the Yucca Mountain Repository design. About 10% of the repository capacity was reserved for waste from a full recycle fuel cycle in which some actinides were extracted for weapons use, and the remaining fission products and some minor actinides were encapsulated in borosilicate glass. Because the heat load of the glass was much less than the PWR and BWR assemblies, the glass waste form was able to be co-disposed with the open cycle waste, by interspersing glass waste packages among the spent fuel assembly waste packages. In addition, the Yucca Mountain repository was designed to include some research reactor spent fuel and naval reactor spent fuel, within the envelope that was set using the commercial reactor assemblies as the design basis waste form. This milestone report supports Sandia National Laboratory milestone M2FT-12SN0814052, and is intended to be a chapter in that milestone report. The independent technical review of this LLNL milestone was performed at LLNL and is documented in the electronic Information Management (IM) system at LLNL. The objective of this work is to investigate what aspects of quantifying, characterizing, and representing the uncertainty associated with the engineered barrier are affected by implementing different advanced nuclear fuel cycles (e.g., partitioning and transmutation scenarios) together with corresponding designs and thermal constraints.

[en] The thermal decomposition of thorium soaps is kinetically of zero order and the energy of activation for the decomposition process lies in the range of 6-11 kcal mol^-1. Infrared spectral data indicate that the fatty acids exist with dimeric structure through hydrogen bonding between the carboxyl groups of acid molecules whereas the metal soaps have an ionic character. The X-ray diffraction studies of these soaps revealed that thorium soaps have double layer structure with molecular axes slightly inclined to the basal plane. (author). 10 refs., 5 figures

[en] Short note. 11 refs

[en] Specific conductance of uranyl soaps in dimethylformamide indicates two critical micelle concentrations CMC(I) and CMC(II). The value of CMC(II) decreases with the increase in chain length of the soap, whereas CMC(I) does not vary at all. The results show that the soaps behave as simple electrolyte. The major conductance at infinite dilution (μsub(o)) and dissociation constant (K) of these soaps have been evaluated. (author). 12 refs

No abstract available

[en] The present report is the sixth in a series of combination therapy trials in oral carcinoma in South India conducted since 1960. In the fifth trial a combination of bleomycin (BLM) and irradiation was compared with irradiation alone. The results gained and the subsequent experience in an unselected series demonstrated in buccal mucosal squamous cell carcinomas a highly superior effect with the irradiation-BLM combination, but still revealed a failure rate around 30 per cent. The present clinical trial - irradiation + BLM was compared with irradiation + BLM + hyperbaric oxygen (HbO) and irradiation + placebo + HbO - was undertaken in an attempt to eliminate or at least reduce these failures. The results were unexpectedly disappointing in that the irradiation combined with BLM + HbO proved to be inferior to irradiation + BLM. An attempt has been made to elucidate the possible reasons for this surprising outcome. (Auth.)

[en] Short communication

[en] QCD corrections are calculated for the relations, discussed by Georgi and Wise, that follow from flavor symmetry between heavy colored scalar triplets. (orig.)