[en] A high-pressure vertex detector for high energy experiments is proposed on the basis of development of a new track detector of charged particles, which is a chamber with controlled centres. A possible design of this chamber is discussed. Laser illumination of a streamer chamber allows enough light for reading the information by means of a CCD device. Some characteristics of the set-up are considered in the paper. A possibility of using a new method for suppression of diffusion is discussed. 30 refs.; 7 figs.; 3 tabs

[en] A new type of the nuclear particles detector - a laser streamer chamber with discharge self-shunting is described. In experiments on studying such detectors small streamer chambers of diameter up to 10 cm and depth of 1-2 cm have been used with transmission illumination. The streamer chambers have been fed from high voltage generators with output voltage from 140 to 400 kV. The typical pulse duration constitutes about 300 ns, pulse rise time - 15 ns. For chamber illumination ultraviolet nitrogen lasers of about 1 μW power have been used. The pulse duration constitutes about 4 ns. Laser radiation with the 337.1 nm wave length has been converted in a gutter with 6G rhodamine into the region of visible wave lengths (570-600 nm). The measurements performed with filling the streamer chamber of the mixture 70% Hf+30% CH₄ under 100 k Pa pressure have shown that the shadowgram from the streamer represents a contrast point of diameter of about 0.2-0.3 mm at the laser delay about 300 ns. It is shown that photographing under the laser regime with a self-shunting chamber allows one to hope to obtain localization (< μm) close to claims raised to modern vertex detectors

No abstract available

[en] Physical principles and technical aspects of designing the high-resolution track detectors on the base of using the holography in bubble and streamer chambers are considered. Operating and developing installations with holographic data read-out are described and possibilities of their use for the investigation of short-living particles are shown. Specific features of systems, used for processing the holograms in track detectors are considered. In a small from bubble chamber a spatial resolution of 6 μm has been achieved over a depth of several cm. The possibility of detecting the 80-100 μm electron streamers in hydrogen and deuterium streamer chambers at the pressure of 2 and 5 at has been shown using the laboratory models. Holographic bubble chambers, operating under the conditions of increased frequency (up to 50 Hz) in intensive beam (of the order of 10³ particles per pulse) are used as vertex detectors for hybrid spectrometers. It is concluded that holography application in bubble and streamer chambers provides the increase in resolution and depth of focus and reduces the time of statistic data selection and the price of experiments

[en] Differential cross sections of the elastic scattering of pions on ³He nuclei are measured at energies of 68, 98, 120, 135, 145, 156, 198, 208 MeV. The experiments are carried out in a high pressure helium streamer chamber. The data obtained are compared with calculations performed accordingly to the optical model. Estimates of the coupling constant of f²(π³He³H) are presented

[en] Stereoscopic registration of particles in a streamer chamber by means of a pulsed nitrogen laser is described. Helium streamer chamber with a shadow optical device is used in the experiments. The application of a spherical mirror allows one to derive information about track space position by a single photograph only. Special advantages of this new technique as compared to the common photographing are considered. Details of designing the optical device are discussed, and the optimization of the set-up taking into account the astigmatic aberration supperession is presented

[en] Pion scattering on a ⁴He nuclei in the energy range 50-150 MeV in the momentum approximation is analyzed. Scattering amplitudes are averaged over spin and isospin. Three parameters are used in the approximation of experimental data: radius of a nucleus, phase of P₃₃- wave and rho an imaginary part introduced into S-wave. In addition, phases of free πN-scattering are used. Sufficiently good description of the elastic π⁴He-scattering in the indicated energy range is obtained

[en] Some experimental data on π/sup +-/-³He, π/sup +-/-⁴He elastic and double charge-exchange scattering π-⁴He are presented. The comparison of the results with an optical model, Glauber Theory, FDR calculations, pair correlation and meson exchange current theories are considered

No abstract available

[en] The differential and total cross sections of the π⁴He-scattering are calculated on the basis of the Glauber approach with the use of nonrelativistic and relativistic kinematics. The calculated cross sections are compared with experimental data on the elastic scattering obtained at energies of 68, 97 and 154 MeV