[en] A simple and new uranium analysis technique for raffinate solution of nuclear fuel conversion process was developed using a time-resolved laser-induced fluorimetry. The addition of 4M-phosphoric acid more than 10 times in volume to the raffinate sample was found to be efficient for obtaining stable uranium fluorescence signal which was not influenced by many fluorescence quenchers. A calibration curve of a good linearity for the fluorescence intensity vs. the uranium concentration was obtained at the range of 3.0 x 10^-6 - 6.0^-5 M UO²⁺₂ in the raffinate samples. (Author)

[en] One of the most important thing to solve the environmental pollution problems are to establish a measurement technique to detect the kind and the type of pollution timely, quantitatively and qualitatively with accuracy and precision. The conventional measurement techniques such as wet analysis methods and spectrophotometric methods are generally time-consuming and require many man-powers, so it is apt to induce relatively higher errors in analytical processes. The application of laser for environmental remote sensing is the most powerful candidate to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional methods. In this report, we propose the possibility of laser application for environmental sensing. (Author)

[en] The spatial information like satellite imagery and GIS data has been widely used for site development planning and monitoring in the area where the access is not allowed with any reason. The IAEA adopts this new method of analysis for enhancing its verification capability and is utilizing to search if there is any undeclared nuclear activities in the nuclear facilities worldwide. The ROK entered the group of the leading countries in the field of space technology with the successful launching of the KompSat I and II, and holds its high position in the IT technology which can draw useful analytic results from the satellite imagery. It implies that the ROK has some potential and related infra required for using the satellite imagery for the purpose of nuclear safeguards. However, we are in the very early stage to apply these advanced techniques to nuclear verification, because we don't have enough work forces enough to deal with these useful tools. It is necessary to review some previous examples about establishing satellite imagery analysis system like the IAEA. In this report, the IAEA's activities related verification using satellite imagery is reviewed and some examples on safeguards application is presented. A way to use satellite images for national inspection also is suggested

[en] The laser fluorometer developed in 1987 has been used in real circumstances for trace uranium analysis. And, we have been trying to improve the instrument to be able to apply in analytical circumstances of remote measurement using optical fiber. The N₂ laser beam and the resulting fluorescence light could be successfully transmitted through a quartz-made optical fiber. The wavelength resolution and the fluorescence decay time resolution induced by pulsed N₂ laser were used to the uranium fluorescence analyses. The fluorescence of uranium in nitric acid medium was measured successfully using the system. The fluorescence signal was analysed using simplex method which is useful to deconvolute the mixed signals. An analytical method using thermal lens effect was developed. The method will be a complementary one for the fluorescence measurement. (Author)

[en] A method for analysis of trace uranium in urine sample was studied using a time-resolved N₂-laser-induced fluorimetry. The Fluran solution was found to be efficient to mask the chloride ions which are known to quench uranium fluorescence in the fluorimetric assay of uranium in urine. This improved method made the sample preparation much simpler than other conventional ones. The fluorescence intensities at 1 % urine mixture with 10 % Fluran aqueous solution showed good linearities in the concentration range of 10 - 500 ppb (before dilution). (Author)

[en] Since safeguards inspection in Korea started, the IAEA and Korea have been looking for possible cooperation for more efficient and effective safeguards implementation. As a part of the efforts, the IAEA and Korea agreed the enhanced cooperation on the LWR inspection at the 8th Joint Review Meeting in 1999. The enhanced cooperation on LWR inspection is a kind of traditional safeguards approach based on remote monitoring. From the current situations, it is expected that integrated safeguards would be applied in near future. In this aspect, this study analyzes the form of integrated safeguards appropriate to Korean LWRs

[en] Four Wolsong units are designated by the IAEA as an On-Load reactor. On-power fueling in a CANDU 600 MW reactor is normally performed by inserting eight fresh fuels on the end of a fuel channel while eight irradiated fuels are discharged at the other end. Since Wolsong unit 1 started its commercial operation in 1983, now four OLRs have been operating in ROK

[en] The field trial of an unattended monitoring system for SF transfer verification ended in June 2005. The system is aiming to improve the safeguards measures applied during SF transfers and reduce inspection effort currently required by the Operator, NNCA and the IAEA. They were reviewed based on its technical performance and other issues in this paper

[en] Since IAEA Safeguards inspection started in Korea, IAEA and Korea have been looking for possible cooperation ways to perform more efficient and effective safeguards inspection. As a part of the efforts, during the 8th JRM in 1999, the IAEA and Korea agreed the LWRs enhanced cooperation between both sides. It is traditional safeguards approach based on the remote monitoring. In 2004, the additional Protocol was in force in Korea. Since then, both sides have been now considering new approaches according to all the facility types under the integrated safeguards. This study analyzes which options suggested by the IAEA is the best approaches to Korean LWRs

[en] Based on the enhanced cooperation between Republic of Korea (ROK) and International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), IAEA installed new safeguards equipment (Unattended Monitoring System, UMS) at Wolsung unit 2 on January, 2005. The UMS was utilized in parallel with traditional human surveillance during the transfer campaign of Wolsung unit 2 (7 March - 22 July). Installation of UMS at all Wolsung units will be decided on the basis of the result of this test. The transfer campaign with UMS at Wolsung units 2 and 4 was started from September 1, 2006 at the same time. Implementation of UMS to the transfer campaign in Wolsung site will be considerably reduced the IAEA's inspection effort and burden of operator