[en] The knowledge of the properties of atoms in high-temperature/density plasmas is of deep interest in many fields of physics. Theoretical studies and interpretation of the inertial confinement fusion experiments is one of the examples. On the basis of the density functional formalism, a model of matter at extreme conditions is presented. Application of the model is illustrated by examples of average ionization state and equation of state calculations. (author)

[en] Short communication. 2 figs., 2 refs

[en] Short communication

[en] The Medipix1 chip is a prototype (digital) CMOS imaging chip that emerged from particle detection in high energy physics experiments. It was designed at CERN following specifications from the Medipix1 Collaboration. This contribution aims at demonstrating the applicability of Medipix1 Si and GaAs pixel devices for alpha and X-ray particle detection. A study of 'charge sharing' between pixels and test of 'spatial resolution' using narrow beam and 'edge' image contrast was performed. For photons with energy <35 keV charge sharing between neighbouring pixels is negligible. On the contrary alpha-particles are detected in the form of clusters of adjacent pixels with typical cluster diameter of about 2.5 pixels. Possible applications of the device for position sensitive heavy charged particle detection (e.g. for surface analysis or for neutron detection) are considered

[en] A self-consistent field average atom model convenient above all for the description of matter at extreme conditions is presented. The model is formulated using a non-relativistic density functional theory. Based on the average atom model the fundamental characteristics of atoms and the equations of state of high-parameter plasmas in LTE are calculated. Typical phenomena occurring in high-parameter plasmas are demonstrated using the example of a medium-Z element (gold). The results show that the designed model is useful not only for the study of matter at extreme conditions but provides also correct results in the case of standard physical conditions. (Z.S.) 3 figs., 8 refs

[en] Short communication

[en] Short communication

[en] Short communication

[en] Complete text of publication follows. There has been a great interest in the processes of nuclear excitation and triggering in high-parameter laser-produced plasmas in recent years. A series of papers devoted to the theory of this event has been published. Several experiments have already been attempted to study the excitation of the lowest nuclear levels of medium / high-Z nuclides (Ta 181, U 235 etc.), all the same unsuccessful or inconclusive. In the first part of this paper, the situation will be overviewed and analysis of the reasons of this unsatisfactory state of affairs will be accomplished. Prospects of the possible solving of the problem by using novel / projected laser facilities (esp. LIL / PETAL, XFEL, ELI-Phase) will be outlined. Potential of the future ELI Beam Facility in the Czech Republic in this area will be stressed. In the second part, some proposals for the excitation and triggering studies using combined high-power and high-intensity LIL / PETAL system (2012) with multi-kilojoule and multi-petawatt parameters will be discussed. Results of preliminary simulations supporting the thinking about potential projects will be shown and conditions essential for meaningful effort in this area will be analyzed. Problems of realistic simulations of such experiments will be addressed. Completely novel chances for the excitation / triggering studies would be started by constructed / projected facilities XFEL (coherent X-rays ∼ 12 keV, 2014) and ELI (multi-petawatt Phase 1, 2015). Application of intense / coherent high-energy X-rays and / or intense electron / ion beams allows new experimental schemes, extends the range of nuclides to be studied and (maybe) will enable to test some new triggering methods. In the last part of the presentation some possibilities in point (esp. for ELI Beamlines), will be drawn up. Acknowledgements. This research has been supported by the Research Program no. 6840770022 of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic.

[en] The physics fundamentals and some applications are described of the atomic physics subpackage of the code MIRIAM code designed for description of systems with strongly coupled atomic and macroscopic processes. The self-consistent field potential formed by ions and electrons in non-ideal plasmas at extreme conditions, obtained by SCAAM model (Drska and Sinor), was used as a basis for a theoretical and computational study of charged particle relaxation characteristics and radiation processes in hot matter. (author) 5 refs