[en] Waterborne polyurethane dispersion (WPUD) was synthesized from polycarbonate diol (PCD), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA) as starting materials. Then, waterborne acrylic polyurethane dispersion (AUD) was synthesized by reacting the WPUD with an acrylate monomer, methyl methacrylate (MMA). Subsequently, the AUD was mixed with multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) to yield a conductive coating solution, and the mixture was coated on the polycarbonate substrate. With increasing the amount of MMA in the AUD, the pencil hardness, abrasion resistance and chemical resistance of the coating films were improved, but the electrical conductivity of the coating films was decreased. On the other hand, the pencil hardness, abrasion resistance and chemical resistance of coating films were decreased, but the electrical conductivity was enhanced with increasing the amount of MWCNT in the conductive coating solutions

[en] TiO_2-SnO_2 nanoparticles with an average diameter of 3-5 nm were synthesized by hydrolysis of titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) and tin chloride to depress the photocatalytic activity of TiO_2 nanoparticles. Organic-inorganic hybrid coating solutions were prepared by reacting the TiO_2-SnO_2 nanoparticles with 3-glycidoxypropyl trimethoxysilane (GPTMS) by the sol-gel method. The hard coating films with high refractive index were obtained by curing thermally at 120 .deg. C after spin-coating the coating solutions on the polycarbonate (PC) sheets. The coating films from TiO_2- SnO_2 nanoparticles showed an improved pencil hardness of 3H compared to 2H of the coating films from TiO_2 nanoparticles. Besides, the refractive index of the coating films from TiO_2-SnO_2 nanoparticles enhanced from 1.543 to 1.623 at 633 nm as the Sn/Ti molar ratio increased from 0 to 0.5.

[en] The titania (TiO_2) nanoparticles with a diameter 2-3 nm were synthesized by controlling hydrolysis of titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) in acid solution. Organic-inorganic hybrid coating solutions were prepared by reacting the titania nanoparticles with 3-glycidoxypropyl trimethoxysilane (GPTMS) by the sol-gel method. The hard coating films with high refractive index were obtained by curing thermally at 120 .deg. C after spin-coating the coating solutions on the polycarbonate (PC) sheets. The coating films showed high optical transparency of 90% in the visible range and exhibited a pencil hardness of 2H. Also, the refractive index at 633 nm wavelength of coating films enhanced from 1.502 to 1.584 as the weight content of titania nanoparticles in the coating solutions increased from 4% to 25%.

[en] Electrochemical ammonia synthesis from water and nitrogen using a Pt/GDC/Pt cell was experimentally investigated. Electrochemical analysis and ammonia synthesis in the moisture-saturated nitrogen environment were performed under the operating temperature range 400-600 .deg. C and the applied potential range OCV (Open Circuit Voltage)-1.2V. Even though the ammonia synthesis rate was augmented with the increase in the operating temperature (i.e.. increase in the applied current) under the constant potential, the faradaic efficiency was decreased because of the limitation of dissociative chemisorption of nitrogen on the Pt electrode. The maximum synthesis rate of ammonia was 3.67x10^-11 mols^-1cm^-2 with 0.1% faradaic efficiency at 600 .deg. C

[en] ZnFe₂O₄ nanoparticles have been studied by using X-ray diffractometry, transmission electron microscopy, and zero- and in-field Moessbauer spectroscopy. The crystals are found to have a cubic spinel structure with a lattice constant a₀=8.43A. The average size of the particles, determined by transmission electron microscopy, is 8.8nm. The cation distribution of the sample is (Zn_0.39Fe_0.61)^A[Zn_0.61Fe_1.39]^BO₄, and the average canting angles at the A and B sites at liquid helium temperature are 0 deg. and 29 deg., respectively

[en] CoFe₂O₄ nanoparticles have been studied by using X-ray diffractometry, transmission electron microscopy, and zero- and in-field Moessbauer spectroscopy. The crystals are found to have a cubic spinel structure with a lattice constant a₀ = 8.39 A. The average size of the particles, determined by transmission electron microscopy, is 7.8 nm. The cation distribution of the sample is (Co_0.24Fe_0.76)^A[Co_0.76Fe_1.24]^BO₄, and the average canting angles at the A and B sites at liquid helium temperature are 53 .deg. and 47 .deg. , respectively.

[en] Bimodally porous (2-4 and 20-100 nm) titania powders were prepared by hydrolysis of titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP), and the effect of hydrolysis temperature on the phase transformation and pore structure was investigated. The phase transformation was slightly retarded with increasing hydrolysis temperature, when the initial water concentration was small. The evolution of particle phase composition from amorphous to crystalline anatase and rutile was largely proportional to the calcination temperature and the initial water concentration. The pore size distribution was bimodal with fine intra-particle pores (2-4 nm in diameter) and larger inter-particle pores (20-100 nm). The intra-particle pores decreased in diameter at the hydrolysis temperature of 20 deg. C. The specific surface area (SSA) of the dried powders ranged from 253 to 587 m²/g and the highest SSA was obtained at the hydrolysis temperature of 20 deg. C