[en] In 22 patients (age 19 to 73 years) glomerular filtration was examined by assessing the renal clearance of ⁵¹Cr-EDTA, in addition to the plasma method with several blood samples, by methods with a smaller number of blood samples and external assessment of the radioactivity, and also by estimation of creatinine clearance using biochemical methods. As a reference method, the assessment was used of renal plasma clearance of ⁵¹Cr-EDTA by means of a one-compartment model from the radioactivity of blood samples collected during the 60th, 120th and 180th minutes. It was revealed that for the normal value of glomerular filtration (GF=1.8 ml/s) and for its reduced value (GF=0.5 ml/s), as compared with the reference method RP, the highest external and internal accuracy, i.e., the best agreement with the reference method and the closest interval estimates, were obtained by the single sample method RE (blood sample during the 120th minute) supplemented by three external assessments of radioactivity during the 50th-70th, 110th-130th and 170th-190th minutes. The regression relationship of these methods is expressed by the following equations: RE=-8.9+1.06xRP; RP=8.47+0.94xRE. The biochemical methods were less accurate as compared with the radionuclide ones. Their accuracy declined from the calculated creatinine clearance according to Cockcroft and Gault via the inverse value of the serum creatinine concentration towards the 24-hour creatinine clearance. (author). 2 figs., 1 tab., 16 refs

[en] The aim of this review is to describe and explain the basic principles of magnetic resonance imaging. The first part of the text is devoted to the phenomenon of magnetic resonance (the interaction of RF magnetic field with the set of magnetic moments in the homogeneous magnetic field) and to relaxation processes. Then, the creation of MR image is described (slice selection, phase and frequency encoding of spatial information). The basic and the most frequently used techniques are explained (spin echo, gradient echo). The way the repetition and echo times influence the image quality and contrast (T1 or T2 weighing) is described. The part with the technical description of the MR equipment is included in the review. The MR imagination examination are compared with X-ray computer tomography technique

[en] The progress of the radiology methods, namely introducing mostly MRI into clinical practice, have been useful in pre surgery assessment of brain tumors. Advanced MRI (such as DWI, MRS, PMR) lead to more precise preoperative assessment of brain tumor. MRI is also most suitable method for assessment of brian tumors after neurosurgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy as well as for distinguishing the progression, pseudo progression and postterapeutic injuries. (author)

[en] The accumulation ¹²⁵I-fibrinogen test was performed in a total of 184 subjects and X-ray phlebography simultaneously in 39 subjects. Positive accumulation fibrinogen test values were as follows: control group 0%, acute venous thrombosis 100%, suspect acute venous thrombosis 45.3%, postthrombotic syndrome without clinical signs of acute venous thrombosis 23.8%, varicose veins 14.3%. Based on the analysis of the maximal ¹²⁵I-fibrinogen accumulation values, the maximal accumulation amounting to 80% and above is suggested to serve as an auxiliary criterion in assessing positivity of the accumulation fibrinogen test, even if the conventional criteria of positivity (15% difference) fail to be achieved. A comparison of the accumulation fibrinogen test with X-ray phlebography showed a 88.2% sensitivity and a 95.4% specificity for the accumulation fibrinogen test. (author)

[en] The basic vocabulary of terminology used in magnetic resonance imagination is presented. Terms are given in slovak and english

[en] In the period 1996-1997 40 patients with the tumour of the kidney were operated on the Clinic of the urology. Next radiodiagnostic examinations were performed on the patients before the operation: urography, ultrasonography, computer tomography and magnetic resonance. These radiodiagnostic methods were correlated with the operation and histo-pathologic findings with the aim of evaluation of the peri-nephritic proliferation, enlargement of the lymphatic nodes, diseased of the adrenal gland, enlargement into the renal veins and the lower sinusoidal vein. local and distant metastatic enlargement

[en] Short communication

[en] In this paper authors examined the ultrasonographic quantitative and qualitative examination of the calcaneal bone. Obtained result are compared with the results gained by quantitative computer tomography (QCT) (densitometric method). The linear regression between the results obtained by USM and QCT was proved. Both method are not mutually replaceable. Using of USM in the practice for screening of early osteoporosis is controversial and according to our results is unsuitable

[en] Radiation to the brain and adjuvant chemotherapy may produce late delayed changes from several months to years after treatment of intracranial malignancies with a reported prevalence of 5-24%. The pattern of treatment-related injury may vary from diffuse periventricular white matter lesions to focal or multifocal lesions. Differentiation of treatment-related injury from tumor progression/recurrence may be difficult with conventional MR imaging (MRI). With both disease processes, the characteristic but nonspecific imaging features are vasogenic edema, contrast enhancement, and mass effect. This pictorial essay presents MRI spectra of late therapy-induced injuries in the brain with a particular emphasis on radiation necrosis, the most common and severe form. Novel MRI techniques, such as diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), proton MR spectroscopy (MRS), and perfusion MRI, improve the possibilities of better characterization of treatment-related changes. Advanced MRI techniques allow for the assessment of metabolism and physiology and may increase specificity for therapy-induced changes. (orig.)