[en] Bagasse is a waste product which was produced from the sugar industry. These wastes produce lots of environment pollution in development. Effective utilization of these wastes can reduce lots of environment pollution. In this study, a literature review is carried out to observe the bagasse as reinforcement in the development of composite. From the literature, it was notified that bagasse can be used in the development of composite. (paper)

[en] Ionic Liquid (IL) [EMIMBF₄] and lithium salt [LiPF₆] based quasi solid-liquid electrolytes (QS-LEs; viz. Ionogels) were synthesized using physical imbibition process of IL-salt solution in ordered mesoporous SBA-15. Ionogel Electrolytes so prepared have high ionic conductivity and lithium transference number (t_Li⁺). The synthesized quasi solid-liquid electrolytes were characterized by N₂-sorption, SEM, TEM, TGA, and complex impedance spectroscopy techniques. N₂-sorption technique, TEM and SEM results confirm the adsorption of ionic liquid and lithium salt in the ordered mesoporous channels and on the external surface of SBA-15

[en] In this paper, we report the effect of ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (EMIMFSI) on polymer poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and salt lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) electrolyte system. The glass transition temperature and degree of crystallinity decreased with an increasing amount of EMIMFSI resulting in an increase in the ionic conductivity. The highest room temperature ionic conductivity and Li${}^{+}$ transference number are observed for PEO + 20 wt% LiTFSI + 10 wt% EMIMFSI. These prepared gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) are thermally and electrochemically stable enough for battery application. Two different cells with graphene oxide-doped lithium iron phosphate, LiFePO${}_4$ (GO-LFP) and lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide, LiNi${}_{0.80}$Co${}_{0.15}$Al${}_{0.05}$O${}_2$ (NCA) cathodes were tested with prepared GPEs. GO-LFP showed more predictable and consistent nature of capacity fading and good discharge capacity. However, NCA showed higher discharge capacity, better cyclic performance, lower capacity fading, and better performance at high C rates.

[en] Improving the energy density and capacity of lithium batteries as well as enhancing their cycling performance are the major issues for electrochemical devices. Focusing on the positive electrode of lithium battery, specific capacity and cycle life of the layered oxide active material is studied thoroughly. On comparing their properties, it could be found that Ni-rich layered oxide cathode materials give the best performance in terms of specific capacity and energy density but among them, LiNi_0.6Mn_0.2Co_0.2O₂, (NMC622) cathode provides good capacity along with sufficient cyclability. So, it is optimized as cathode material with our prepared ionic liquid (IL) based polymer electrolyte for Li cell. The structure and morphology of the synthesized cathode material along with the electrochemical performance of polymer electrolyte and cell are investigated by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy distribution X-ray (EDAX) and electrochemical analyzer. Good specific discharge capacity (∼137 mAh g^-1) and cyclability (upto 200 cycles) of the cell are observed. Experimental results suggest that the synthesized polymer electrolyte and cathode material are promising candidate for Li battery. (author)

[en] Highlights: :• Na[Ni_0.60Mn_0.35Co_0.05]O₂ nanospheres are synthesized and surface modified by Dx-RGO. • Dextran is used to functionalize GO and attach on the surface of NMC nanospheres. • Dx-RGO layer acts as conducting network around NMC particles providing uniform SOC. • NMC-Dx-RGO exhibits capacity of 151 mAh g⁻¹ and 55% capacity retention over 120 cycles. Wrapping of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) over 2D layered transition metal oxide cathode material is very prevailing strategy to improve the capacity and cycling performance of cathode materials for sodium-batteries. However, poorly dispersed RGO in aqueous medium restricts the proper attachment of active-material with RGO resulting in non-uniform wrapping. Herein, graphene oxide is functionalized non-covalently through multifunctional agent dextran and reduced moderately to dextran functionalized-RGO (Dx-RGO). Further, it is attached chemically with Na[Ni_0.60Mn_0.35Co_0.05]O₂ (NMC) nano-sphere, which is synthesized by co-precipitation method. Strategically, hydrothermal-treatment is applied to empower reduction as well as attachment of Dx-RGO with NMC nano-sphere to prepare NMC-Dx-RGO composite. The successful attachment of Dx-RGO over NMC nano-sphere is confirmed by various experimental techniques and their resulting electrochemical performances are investigated. The surface-modified NMC-Dx-RGO cathode material exhibits high discharge capacity of 151 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.1C and 55% capacity retention after 120 cycles at 0.2C. Dx-RGO layer acts as conducting network around NMC providing uniform state of charge distribution (SOC), which facilitates fast transport of electrons. The presence of protective Dx-RGO layer suppresses the growth of resistive layer at cathode-electrolyte interface (R_cei) and prevents the dissolution of transition metals cathode material to get high discharge capacity for sodium-batteries.

[en] Graphene-oxide coated LiFePO₄ (GO@LFP) and layered NMC cathode materials have been prepared by wet chemical and sol-gel methods. Ionic liquid based gel polymer electrolytes (ILGPEs) composed of polymer (PVdF-KFP) an imidazolium based ionic liquid (EMEVIESI) with 20 wt.% lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) salt are prepared and characterized as electrolytes in Li/ILGPE/GO@LFP and Li/ILGPE/NMC cells