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AbstractAbstract
[en] This paper compares the responses of different types of unshielded detectors to the total charged-particle components of EAS. From the comparison a number of properties of the electromagnetic component are derived, namely (i) the scintillator track length per incident electron, (ii) the average photon and electron energies, (iii) the average photon density and number of photons/ electrons and (iv) the electron-photon energy density and the average electro-magnetic energy per incident electron. (author)
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Secondary Subject
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Journal Article
Journal
Journal of Physics. G, Nuclear Physics; ISSN 0305-4616; ; v. 4(4); p. 617-631
Country of publication
COSMIC RADIATION, COSMIC SHOWERS, ELECTRON TUBES, ELEMENTARY PARTICLES, ENERGY RANGE, FERMIONS, FUNCTIONS, GAS DISCHARGE TUBES, IONIZING RADIATIONS, LEPTONS, MASSLESS PARTICLES, MEASURING INSTRUMENTS, MEV RANGE, RADIATION DETECTION, RADIATION DETECTORS, RADIATIONS, SCINTILLATION COUNTERS, SECONDARY COSMIC RADIATION, SHOWERS
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Blake, P.R.; Nash, W.F.; O'Connell, B.; Strutt, R.B.
Conference papers. 17. International cosmic ray conference, Paris, 13-25 July 19811981
Conference papers. 17. International cosmic ray conference, Paris, 13-25 July 19811981
AbstractAbstract
[en] The consistency of both the muon lateral density distributions and the EAS size spectra measured by the large EAS detector arrays is demonstrated by comparing the muon densities measured for shower sizes corresponding to integral flux thresholds of 10-10, 10-11 and 10-12m-2sr-1s-1
Primary Subject
Source
CEA, 75 - Paris (France); International Union of Pure and Applied Physics; 348 p; ISBN 2-7272-0062-5; ; 1981; v. 6 p. 8-11; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique; Paris, France; 17. International cosmic ray conference; Paris, France; 13 - 25 Jul 1981; Sold by Reidel, Dordrecht, Netherlands
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Book
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Conference
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INIS IssueINIS Issue
AbstractAbstract
[en] The electromagnetic component of EAS has been studied using unshielded scintillator detectors at Haverah Park. Data on the lateral distribution of the response are presented. A comparison of data from various arrays is undertaken and some disagreement is found. The predictions of model cascade calculations are also compared with the current experimental results. The problem of treating the low-energy components of the EAS are considered. (author)
Primary Subject
Record Type
Journal Article
Journal
Journal of Physics. G, Nuclear Physics; ISSN 0305-4616; ; v. 4(4); p. 597-616
Country of publication
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Blake, P.R.; O'Connell, B.; Mann, D.M.; Nash, W.F.; Strutt, R.B.
Conference papers. 17. International cosmic ray conference, Paris, 13-25 July 19811981
Conference papers. 17. International cosmic ray conference, Paris, 13-25 July 19811981
AbstractAbstract
[en] The results of measurements on the rise times of muon scintillator responses recorded from EAS detected at Haverah Park are presented. The average muon time spread is found to be a function of core distance, zenith angle and muon threshold energy. Significant fluctuations in muon time spreads are shown to exist between showers
Primary Subject
Source
CEA, 75 - Paris (France); International Union of Pure and Applied Physics; 348 p; ISBN 2-7272-0062-5; ; 1981; v. 6 p. 20-23; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique; Paris, France; 17. International cosmic ray conference; Paris, France; 13 - 25 Jul 1981; Sold by Reidel, Dordrecht, Netherlands
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Book
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Conference
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INIS VolumeINIS Volume
INIS IssueINIS Issue
Blake, P.R.; Nash, W.F.; Prescott, I.C.; Strutt, R.B.
14th international cosmic ray conference. Conference papers. Vol. 81975
14th international cosmic ray conference. Conference papers. Vol. 81975
AbstractAbstract
[en] The responses of shielded scintillators and flash tubes to muons in EAS have been compared. At low densities (< 3 m-2) precise agreement is obtained but at higher densities the flash tubes tend to saturate. Experimental mean muon density lateral distributions as derived from different arrays show good agreement and indicate that such muon studies provide an accurate method of calibrating the EAS arrays relative to each other. An attempt to detect EAS fluctuations by sampling the muons with a 12 m2 detector shows the difficulty of this technique. However, by selecting the 10% of showers with densities 1.5 sigma above average density a significant anisotropy in celestial co-ordinates of the arrival direction of 'muon-rich' showers is observed. The implication of such an anisotropy (approximately 13 hr RA) is pointed out. (orig.)
[de]
Die Ansprechwahrscheinlichkeiten von abgeschirmten Szintillatoren und Blitzroehren fuer Myonen in EAS wurden verglichen. Bei niedrigen Dichten (< 3 m-2) wurde genaue Uebereinstimmung beobachtet, bei hoeheren Dichten gehen die Blitzroehren in die Saettigung. Experimentelle Breitenverteilungen von mittleren Myonendichten, die mit verschiedenen Anlagen bestimmt wurden, zeigen gute Uebereinstimmung und sind ein Hinweis dafuer, dass solche Myonenuntersuchungen eine genau Methode darstellen, um EAS-Anlagen relativ zu einander zu kalibrieren. Ein Versuch, EAS-Fluktuationen durch Nachweis von Myonen mit einem 12 m2 Detektor nachzuweisen, zeigt die Schwierigkeiten dieser Technik. Durch Auswaehlen von 10% Schauern mit Dichten von 1,5 sigma ueber der mitteren Dichte laesst sich eine signifikante Anisotropie der Einfallsrichtung 'myonenreicher' Schauer beobachten. Die Folgerung aus dieser Anisotropie (ca. 13 hr RA) werden gezogen. (orig.)Primary Subject
Secondary Subject
Source
International Union of Pure and Applied Physics; Max-Planck-Institut fuer Physik und Astrophysik, Garching/Muenchen (Germany, F.R.). Inst. fuer Extraterrestrische Physik; p. 2768-2772; 1975; 14. international cosmic ray conference; Muenchen, F.R. Germany; 15 Aug 1975; 4 figs.; 2 tabs.; 5 refs. Available from ZAED.
Record Type
Report
Literature Type
Conference
Report Number
Country of publication
Reference NumberReference Number
INIS VolumeINIS Volume
INIS IssueINIS Issue
Blake, P.R.; Nash, W.F.; Strutt, R.B.
14th international cosmic ray conference. Conference papers. Vol. 81975
14th international cosmic ray conference. Conference papers. Vol. 81975
AbstractAbstract
[en] Both flash tubes and scintillators have been used simultaneously to study the secondary components of EAS. This paper summarizes the data on the comparison of the two techniques. The responses of the detectors are compared with the predictions of model calculations and the difficulties of such interpretations are highlighted. (orig.)
[de]
Blitzroehren und Szintillatoren wurden gleichzeitig benutzt, um die sekundaere Komponente der EAS zu untersuchen. In dieser Arbeit werden Daten zusammengefasst, um die beiden Verfahren zu vergleichen. Die Ansprechwahrscheinlichkeiten der Detektoren werden mit den Vorhersagen von Modellrechnungen verglichen, die Schwierigkeiten solcher Interpretationen werden hervorgehoben. (orig.)Primary Subject
Secondary Subject
Source
International Union of Pure and Applied Physics; Max-Planck-Institut fuer Physik und Astrophysik, Garching/Muenchen (Germany, F.R.). Inst. fuer Extraterrestrische Physik; p. 2778-2782; 1975; 14. international cosmic ray conference; Muenchen, F.R. Germany; 15 Aug 1975; 5 figs.; 1 tab.; 10 refs. Available from ZAED.
Record Type
Report
Literature Type
Conference
Report Number
Country of publication
Reference NumberReference Number
INIS VolumeINIS Volume
INIS IssueINIS Issue
Blake, P.R.; Nash, W.F.; Strutt, R.B.
14th international cosmic ray conference. Conference papers. Vol. 81975
14th international cosmic ray conference. Conference papers. Vol. 81975
AbstractAbstract
[en] Measurements have been made on the electron component of EAS using unshielded scintillators at Haverah Park. The response has been studied in detail as a function of core distance, shower size and zenith angle. Comparison is made with other arrays and with cascade calculations. (orig.)
[de]
Die Elektronenkomponente der EAS wurde mit unabgeschirmten Szintillatoren im Haverah Park gemessen. Die Ansprechwahrscheinlichkeit wurde als Funktion des Kernabstands, der Schauergroesse und des Zenitwinkels untersucht. Es wurde mit anderen Anlagen und mit Kaskadenrechnungen verglichen. (orig.)Primary Subject
Secondary Subject
Source
International Union of Pure and Applied Physics; Max-Planck-Institut fuer Physik und Astrophysik, Garching/Muenchen (Germany, F.R.). Inst. fuer Extraterrestrische Physik; p. 2773-2777; 1975; 14. international cosmic ray conference; Muenchen, F.R. Germany; 15 Aug 1975; 5 figs.; 2 tabs.; 7 refs. Available from ZAED.
Record Type
Report
Literature Type
Conference
Report Number
Country of publication
Reference NumberReference Number
INIS VolumeINIS Volume
INIS IssueINIS Issue
Baines, T.; Blake, P.R.; Bucknell, S.; Nash, W.F.; O'Connell, B.; Strutt, R.B.
Conference papers. 17. International cosmic ray conference, Paris, 13-25 July 19811981
Conference papers. 17. International cosmic ray conference, Paris, 13-25 July 19811981
AbstractAbstract
[en] A new digital data acquisition system for the Nottingham University muon detectors has been designed and installed at Haverah Park. The fully automated system is described and discussed
Source
CEA, 75 - Paris (France); International Union of Pure and Applied Physics; 238 p; ISBN 2-7272-0064-1; ; 1981; v. 8 p. 168-171; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique; Paris, France; 17. International cosmic ray conference; Paris, France; 13 - 25 Jul 1981; Sold by Reidel, Dordrecht, Netherlands
Record Type
Book
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Conference
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INIS IssueINIS Issue
AbstractAbstract
[en] The results of measurements of the rise-time of muon scintillator responses recorded from extensive air showers detected at Haverah Park are described. A high-speed storage oscilloscope recording system has been used to study both the average characteristics of muon time spreads and the fluctuations in arrival-time distributions between individual showers. The average muon time spreads are found to be a function of core distance, zenith angle and muon threshold energy. There is evidence that velocity delays are an important contribution to the muon rise-times for detectors with threshold energies < approximately 500 MeV. Significant fluctuations in the muon time spreads between individual showers are found. The average characteristics of the muon arrival-time distributions are also compared with the shower computer simulations. (author)
Primary Subject
Record Type
Journal Article
Journal
Journal of Physics. G, Nuclear Physics; ISSN 0305-4616; ; v. 8(11); p. 1605-1620
Country of publication
CHARGED PARTICLE DETECTION, COSMIC RADIATION, COSMIC SHOWERS, ELEMENTARY PARTICLES, ENERGY, ENERGY RANGE, FERMIONS, FUNCTIONS, IONIZING RADIATIONS, LEPTONS, MEASURING INSTRUMENTS, MEV RANGE, RADIATION DETECTION, RADIATION DETECTORS, RADIATIONS, SECONDARY COSMIC RADIATION, SHOWERS, TIMING PROPERTIES, VARIATIONS
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AbstractAbstract
[en] A storage oscilloscope recording system has been operated at the Haverah Park Extensive Air Shower detector array in order to investigate the time-spread of muons in EAS. The recorded data is categorized to pulse shape. About 8% of the recorded pulses show a distinct structure effect which is not explainable in terms of instrumental sampling or currently predicted EAS effects. (orig.)
Record Type
Journal Article
Journal
Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res; ISSN 0029-554X; ; v. 188(2); p. 397-401
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