No abstract available

No abstract available

No abstract available

[en] Calculations of the flux of atmospheric neutrinos have proliferated since the last TAUP conference in 1999. It is difficult to attribute all differences among the calculations to reasonable variations in the input

[en] In this paper we present results from Ags experiment E 877. Studies of azimuthal asymmetry in the transverse energy production of Au + Au collisions at 11.4 A GeV per nucleon show evidence of a dipole component. We interpret this component as being the result of directed flow. Correlations of the charged particle spectra with the reaction plane show that the flow is carried primarily by the nucleons. (author)

[en] This talk is a status report on calculations of the flux of atmospheric neutrinos from the sub-GeV range to E_ν ∼ PeV. In the lower energy range (E_ν < 1 TeV) the primary interest is in using the atmospheric neutrino beam to study neutrino oscillations. In the TeV range and above, atmospheric neutrinos are a calibration source and background for neutrino telescopes

[en] The areas in which chemical engineers could focus their efforts to enhance public understanding of the human interaction with, and influence on, the global carbon cycle were outlined. There exists a need for more accurate and better understood models and predictions of the future changes in climate. Accurate models would enable government policies to be based on a more balanced approach of the issue. Currently, chemical engineers are not very involved in carrying out studies to address the issue of anthropogenic influences on the ecosystem. Engineering work has been limited to determining the sources of carbon dioxide and methane emissions or in finding ways to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases. This paper was intended to challenge chemical engineers to get more involved in public issues regarding the environment and assist in public policy formulation by helping to clarify the issues

[en] The development of validated numerical tools to predict the thermal hazard posed by a fuel fire that results from an aircraft or ground transportation accident is a goal of the Fuel Fire Technology Base Program. These validated tools support Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) probabilistic Weapon System Safety Assessments (WSSA). Two types of tools are being developed to support this type of activity: (1) tools that model the detailed physics of the problem (e.g., fire field models); and (2) tools that model the dominant phenomena (e.g., the risk assessment compatible fire models (RACFMs)). RACFMs are tailored to be compatible with the methodology of a probabilistic WSSA. A large-scale fire testing program has been established to obtain experimental data to (1) develop and calibrate RACFMs, (2) validate and further develop fire field models, (3) assess the fire threat to actual systems of interest and, (4) provide archival data for future assessments. This report describes nine full-scale enclosure pool fire experiments (JP8 fueled) that were conducted at the Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) Lurance Canyon Burn Site in the Building 9830 'Igloo' Facility. Experiment and hardware requirements, the test facility, instrumentation, and a complete description of each experiment are provided herein. The primary purpose of the test series was to furnish experimental data for validating compartment fire models that are being developed to predict the abnormal thermal environment in a storage facility/aircraft accident situation. Fires of interest in the storage and maintenance facilities are primarily hydrocarbon pool fires that could occur as a result of an aircraft engine penetrating the facility during an accident. The models, in turn, are to be used to assess the thermal hazard posed to stored weapons within the facility. (author)

[en] To many researchers the ability to secure external competitive funding is a basic premise for engaging in substantial research activities and subsequent career progression. In many countries competitive funding is increasingly incentivised, but like other social activities in science, funding success is skewed with marked cumulative advantages to those who already have (Merton, 1968). The ability to obtain competitive funding is clearly connected with prestige, nevertheless, while “money is money”, funding instruments supporting “curiositydriven”, “blue sky” research1 may still be more appealing and prestigious to many researchers. Such funding instruments are typically less restrictive in their calls on matters such as research topics, collaborative requirements and societal impact. The latter requirements are often present in more strategic funding programmes and especially the European Framework Programmes have stipulated a social contract between science and society in Europe, increasingly requiring research to be oriented towards addressing social, economic, cultural, and political challenges. Application for such “challenged-oriented” international research funding is perceived by some as over-complicated and too resource demanding and anecdotal evidence from Denmark suggests that high performing research groups opt to bypass such calls because they prefer and indeed are able to secure sufficient “curiosity-driven” funding with less obligations (UFM Report, 2015). (Author)

[en] At the NIU Institute for Neutron Therapy at Fermilab, the clinical tissue-equivalent ionization chamber response is measured every treatment day using a cesium source that was configured to match readings obtained at the National Bureau of Standards. Daily measurements are performed in air using the air-to-tissue dose conversion factors given in AAPM Report no. 7. The measured exposure calibration factors have been tabulated and graphed as a function of time from 1978 to present. For A-150 plastic ionization chambers, these factors exhibit a sinusoidal variation with a period of approximately one year and amplitude of ± 1%. This variation, attributable to the hygroscopic nature of A-150 plastic, is correlated with the relative humidity of the facility, and is greater than the humidity corrections for gas described in the literature. Our data suggest that chamber calibration should be performed at least weekly to accommodate these variations