[en] Short communication

[en] To estimate the influence of ionizing radiation and non-radiation factors on appearance of gastric cancer 503 worker of the PA MAYAK, chronically exposed to gamma-irradiation with total dose from 0 to 8.46 Gy and body burden ²³⁹Pu from 0 to 39.6 kBq were examined. 5 significant factors were singled out, odd ratio was calculated for each of them. It was shown that among all studied cancer cases only 5% were caused by external gamma-exposure with the dose more than 3 Gy. Among the examined persons more higher probability of cancer incidence was noted for current smokers relative to never smokers and ex-smokers. There was not found direct correlation between gastric cancer and alcohol use. The most high probability of gastric cancer was noted among the workers with gastritis

[en] Short communication

[en] Short communication

[en] Dogs were acutely, subacutely and chronically inhaled with polymeric ²³⁹Pu and monomeric ²⁴¹Am nitrates. Distinctly directed changes were observed in the protein fraction and glycoproteins, as well as in transaminases and sorbitoldehydrogenase of the blood serum, which were attributed to unequal radiation loads to the lungs and the organs of the secondary deposition of nuclides, and also to different degree of the respiratory distress

[en] Altogether 140 random-bred dogs of both sexes, aged 2 to 4 (body mass 14.5 ± 0.1 kg) were examined. Age-related changes of heart mass entropy, resulting from disorder in the correlation of cardiac parts during aging, progress with age. During inhalation of acute, subacute and chronic effective amounts of nitrates of polymeric ²³⁹Pu and monomeric ²⁴¹Am aerosol particles, measured in micron, dog heart mass entropy increases as compared to the age control, and during inhalation of transuranic radionuclides at small amounts, causing the animal's life prolongation, heart mass entropy decreases

[en] To estimate the influence of ionizing radiation and non-radiation factors on appearance of gastric cancer 503 worker of the PA MAYAK, chronically exposed to gamma-irradiation with total dose from 0 to 8.46 Gy and body burden ²³⁹Pu from 0 to 39.6 kBq were examined. 5 significant factors were singled out, odd ratio was calculated for each of them. It was shown that among all studied cancer cases only 5% were caused by external gamma-exposure with the dose more than 3 Gy. Among the examined persons more higher probability of cancer incidence was noted for current smokers relative to never smokers and ex-smokers. There was not found direct correlation between gastric cancer and alcohol use. The most high probability of gastric cancer was noted among the workers with gastritis

[en] For the estimation of radiation lung cancer risk for a human being it is important to take into account different etiological factors because of the polyetiology of this disease. This work was the aim of a retrospective investigation (open-quotes case-controlclose quotes) of 500 workers of a nuclear enterprise that had been gamma-irradiated in a wide dose range and had had exposure to airborne ²³⁹Pu. One hundred sixty-two persons contracted lung cancer (morbidity), and 338 persons that had not fallen ill served as pair control. Eleven potential risk factors were evaluated using a logistic regression model, five insignificant factors were excluded, and the remaining factors were arranged (by odds ratio) in decreasing order: smoking > plutonium pneumosclerosis > plutonium incorporation in body > chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) > decrease of body mass > external gamma-irradiation. The percentage of histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma among the nuclear enterprise workers was 74% which is significantly higher than 33% among the population that did not work at the enterprise, particularly in the case of high (more than 11 kBq) plutonium incorporation by the nuclear workers. The localization of tumors in this cohort is more frequently in the lower and middle lung lobes at the periphery. Each of the histological types of lung cancer has manifested a different degree of correlation with particular factors. 32 refs., 1 fig., 3 tabs

[en] It was shown on the basis of retrospective investigation of 500 workers at a nuclear enterprise (162 cases of lung cancer, 338 persons as matching control) that the interaction of external gamma-irradiation (> 2.0 Gy) and the body - burden of ²³⁹Pu (> 9.3 kBq) at lung cancer is characterized as the multiplicative effect. Combined influence of smoking and radiation factors dependent on smoking index (SI): it changed from additive up to multiplicative and than to antagonistic with the increase of the smoking effect. The received results could be explained on the basis of a two - mutation model of radiation carcinogenesis

[en] Plutonium excretion with urine is analyzed for 130 persons engaged in radiochemical production taking into account their health states. The results are compared with the data of posthumous analysis of plutonium content in an organism. The tendency of the element urine excretion increase with disease severity growth is revealed. An equation describing plutonium content in daily urine portions U_m t days later after intake of q units of the nuclide into the blood for a practically healthy man is suggested. The equation gives concervative estimate for dosimetric control of plutonium buildup basing on urine analysis. 11 refs., 1 fig., 1 tab