[en] The thesis is constituted of two different topics related to astrophysics. The titles of these topics are: 'Alpha capture reaction in inverse kinematics, measurement of ⁷⁸Kr(α,γ)⁸²Sr reaction' and 'Measurement of the radioactive decay of ¹⁹O and ¹⁹Ne implanted in niobium'. The goal of the first part of the thesis was to establish an experimental technique for measuring radiative alpha capture reaction at low energies in inverse kinematics. The measurement of these reactions is very important in astrophysics since it will help to improve the reliability of alpha particle optical model potentials which are used for prediction of cross sections of nuclear reaction used in different astrophysical models of supernovae explosions. In this part we insisted on a technical feasibility of this type of experiment. In the second part of the thesis, we examined the influence of the environment on the beta decay probability, in particular the influence of the electronic screening of Coulomb barrier of nuclei induced by Cooper pairs in superconductors. The indication of an extremely weak effect was noticed. (author)

[en] Exhalation rate measurements were performed on different materials using accumulation chamber. It is shown that inhabitants exposure to gamma rays originating from ²²⁶Ra in building materials is comparable to exposure to radon exhalating from the same material

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[en] Standardization of the thoron exhalation measurements is important for the intercomparison of the results among different laboratories. There are a few important distinctions between thoron (²²⁰Rn) and radon (²²²Rn) exhalation measurements using an accumulation chamber, due to a great difference between radon and thoron diffusion lengths in air, namely, short diffusion length of thoron indicates that it is very hard to attain homogenous distribution of the thoron concentration in an accumulation chamber of the usual dimensions, which is often neglected. It will be explained that the same model cannot be used both for radon and for thoron exhalation measurements. The results of the thoron exhalation measurements also depend on the sample thickness which must be considered. A new method for thoron exhalation measurement using an accumulation chamber is proposed. Comparisons between the existing and the proposed methods were performed on five different samples

[en] In order to study nuclear fusion reaction, the heavy-ion magnetic spectrometer PRISMA installed at INFN Legnaro is planned to be modified to work in Gas-Filled Mode. For that purpose, the possible response of the spectrometer will be examined in Rutherford scattering experiments which simulate the fusion reaction products. predictions for the evaporation residue (EVR) position spectra and collection efficiencies, as well as the respective spectrometer set ups, as determined using the algorithm of ANAMARI code, are presented

[en] This paper deals with the introductory aspects of the Electrochemical Etching Laboratory installed at the VINCA Institute in the year 2003. The main purpose of the laboratory is its field application for radon and thoron large-scale survey using passive radon/thoron UFO type detectors. Since the etching techniques together with the laboratory equipment were transferred from the National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan, it was necessary for both etching conditions to be confirmed and to be checked up, i. e., bulk etching speeds of chemical etching and electrochemical etching in the VINCA Electrochemical Etching Laboratory itself. Beside this initial step, other concerns were taken into consideration in this preliminary experimental phase such as the following: the measurable energy range of the polycarbonate film, background etch pit density of the film and its standard deviation and reproducibility of the response to alpha particles for different sets of etchings. (author)

[en] The user friendly version of the ANAMARI code, originally developed for the separator settings determination and prediction of evaporation residue distribution at the focal plane for the Dubna gas-filled recoil separator, is used here to deduce the optimal design parameters for the super separator spectrometer (S³), now in the phase of conceptual consideration. In particular, the ANAMARI code is used for the evaluation of the dependence of evaporation residue acceptance on particle evaporation and multiple scattering effects in the target for the fusion reactions ⁴⁸Ca + ²⁰⁶Pb, ⁴⁸Ca + ¹⁹²Os, ⁴⁸Ca + ²⁴⁸Cm, ⁴⁶Ti + ⁵⁸Ni and ⁵⁰Cr + ⁵⁸Ni which are taken as the samples of typical S³ studies for: synthesis of super-heavy nuclei, the spectroscopy of very-heavy nuclei and super-heavy nuclei and the properties of 'double magic' nuclei.

[en] The unbound nucleus ¹⁸Na, the intermediate nucleus in the two-proton radioactivity of ¹⁹Mg, is studied through the resonant elastic scattering ¹⁷Ne(p,¹⁷Ne)p. The spectroscopic information obtained in this experiment is discussed and put in perspective with previous measurements and the structure of the mirror nucleus ¹⁸N. (authors)

[en] In the framework of the SPIRAL1 (SP1) facility, the R and D of charge breeding technique is of primary interest for optimizing the yields of radioactive ion beams (RIBs). This technique involves the transformation of mono-charged ion beams into multi-charged ion beams by operating an SPIRAL1 Electron Cyclotron Resonance charge breeder (CB). During the SPIRAL1 commissioning, experimental studies have been performed in order to understand the transport of the beam through the SP1 CB with and without ECR plasma. Numerical simulations including ion optics and some ECR plasma features have been developed to evaluate ion losses during the ion transport through the SP1 CB with and without a simplified model of the ECR plasma.