[en] Using the α(m_Z), M_Z, G_μ, M_t, M_H parametrization the authors treat the leading (in m_t) radiative corrections to a large number of electro-weak observables. They indicate a program for the evaluation of the functions V(t,h) for those processes for which they have not been as yet explicitly evaluated. 31 refs

[en] A review of elementary-particle models based on low-energy supersymmetry is given. Supersymmetry is used in these models to compensate the quadratic divergence in the radiative correction to the mass of the Higgs boson in the Weinberg-Salam model and to solve the hierarchy problem in grand unification theories. The standard low-energy SU(3)xSU(2)/sub L/xU(1) theory is replaced in this approach with the supersymmetric theory. A large number of new particles with masses M/sub W/ is predicted. The properties of these particles and possible experimental searches for them are discussed. Models based on different ways of supersymmetry breaking are considered. The central place is given to models with supersymmetry breaking due to supergravity, which have been particularly actively discussed in the last two years. Proton decay in supersymmetric GUT models is analyzed. Introductory ideas on supersymmetry, necessary for the understanding of most of this review, are presented in Section 1 and in the Appendix

[en] A supersymmetric generalization of the SU(3) x SU(2) x U(1) model is analyzed. At low energies (< or =1 TeV), the Higgs sector essentially has to contain two SU(2) doublets H and H' and a neutral singlet G. The supersymmetry is broken spontaneously. Operators with d = 5 do not lead to a rapid decay of the proton, while operators with d = 6 lead to tau₀roughly-equal10³⁴ yr

[en] We discuss possible mechanisms for generating gluino and photino masses. It is shown that a nonzero gluino mass leads to a nonzero photino mass and vice versa. From all possibilities discussed the experimental bound M/sub lambdag/> 3--5 GeV can only be satisfied by introducing a Lagrangian gluino mass. This leads to a nonzero photino mass, but its specific value is a free parameter of the theory. We present cosmological bounds on the photino mass

[en] Some supersymmetric models predict the existence of a light Higgs boson. The appearance of such a particle, its interaction with quarks, and its production in Υ-meson decays accompanied by photons and hadrons are studied

[en] It is suggested that variations in the solar neutrino flux may be due to the flipping of the particles' helicity as they travel through the magnetic field of the convective zone of the Sun

[en] The experimental bound tau( p→K⁺ν/sub tau/)>10³⁰ yr leads to an upper limit on the diagonal mass of the W bosino M/sub W/W roughly-equal1 GeV for unified theories whose high-energy sector contains an operator with d = 5, ΔBnot =0. This means that the diagonal masses of the gauginos must be suppressed compared to the SU(2)xU(1)--breaking scale and the masses of scalar quarks and leptons. The required suppression occurs in models with geometrical hierarchies if the goldstino is a singlet under the gauge group. In models based on N = 1 supergravity the ''minimal'' coupling of the matter to supergravity also leads to light gauginos

[en] The presence of a neutrino nondiagonal magnetic moment ∼10^-10/sup +- /¹μ/sub β/ leads to a prediction of a large electromagnetic radiation background due to relic-neutrino decay ν/sub H/→ν/sub L/γ. The constraints imposed on the neutrino masses and interactions by the observed background are discussed

[en] It is shown that of the four parameters in the low-energy part of the theory, which is based on the supergravitational theory of grand unification (SUGRA GUT), only three (m₃/sub //₂, γequivalentM/m₃/sub //₂, and A) depend on the details of the gravitational theory, while the fourth (B) is determined by the grand unification model

[en] Proton decay in supersymmetric unified theories due to operators with d = 5 is studied. The matrix elements of these operators are calculated. The experimental limit on the proton lifetime leads to the following bound on the Majorana mass of the W bosino: M/sub lambdaW/<5 GeV. We present a variant of the model with softly broken low-energy supersymmetry in which the Majorana mass of the lambda/sub W/ and lambda/sub Z/ is suppressed in a natural manner. In this model operators with d = 5 lead to proton decay due to the Majorana mass of the gluino. The proton decays via the mode p→K⁺ν/sub μ/. For M/sub lambdag/ = 12 GeV, tau/sub p/ = 10³¹ yr