[en] Green's function theory and high temperature series expansion technique have been developed for magnetic systems with crystal-field potentials. We apply the two methods to evaluate the critical temperature of a J = 5/2(Ce³⁺) ferromagnet in a cubic crystal-field. The dependence of the critical temperature on the crystal-field strength is shown and compared with the prediction in the molecular field approximation

[en] Copious numbers of fast neutrons are produced in relativistic heavy ion interactions, which yield information on the mechanism of such interactions and could constitute a considerable radiation hazard. In order to determine their energy and yield, we have detected, with a CR-39 detector stack, neutrons produced in 44 GeV ¹²C + Cu interactions and the neutrons from 400 keV d + T reactions for comparison. (author)

[en] Full text: The development of radiopharmaceuticals are catalogued as SPECT, PET and labeled therapeutic drugs. INER has almost caught up with the pace of world trend. INER's new innovative research and development of radioisotopes and radiopharmaceuticals have made a great progress. INER horizontally integrate from the cyclotron's high efficient ion source and high power RF techniques to animal PET and animal PET-CT techniques. INER have been developing cyclotron radioisotopes producing techniques since 1993. INER's EBCO TR-30/15 cyclotron with four beamlines and one Nordion's gas target system, and two solid target systems can provide up to ³0^MeV proton beams. Radioisotopes ¹²³I, ¹¹In, ¹²⁴I etc. are produced by these targets and some self designed target systems, ¹⁸ F fluoride is produced by the new designed water target system and delivered to more than ¹50^ft distance long to several hot cells providing radiofluorination syntheses. ^1I is produced as NH₄^I23 and Na ¹²³ I for radioiodination labeling to clinical study. Therapeutic radioisotopes are produced in high grade quality, and provided for labeling monoclonal antibody. Vertically integrate from diagnosis to therapeutical radiopharmaceuticals. Those include the positron and gamma emitting radiopharmaceuticals such as ⁹⁹mTc-MAG^3,9(Tc-TRODAT, ¹⁸ F-FDG, ¹²³ I-ADAM etc., and alpha or beta emitting therapeutic radiochemicals ¹⁸⁸Re-Liposome and ²²⁵ Ac-DOTA-CEA etc. labeling techniques. Radioisotopes technique plays the core role for PET scanner, diagnosis and therapeutic radiopharmaceutical development. ⁹⁹mTc-MAG^3and ¹⁸F-FDG etc. have been commercialized by INER. As mentioned previously, INER has acquired the first radiopharmaceutical drug licenses for ¹⁸F-FDG, ¹¹¹In-Pentetreotide and Trodat-1 in Taiwan. TRODAT-1 is the first licensed dopamine transporter in the world. It can be possibly delivered to every hospital all over the world. Parkinson disease can be easily diagnosed by identifying the brain dopamine transporting efficiency and then proper prescription is possibly provided. These radiopharmaceuticals are supplied to many research centers in Taiwan and foreign countries which have been taking our products for medical purpose, radiosynthesis study, and preclinical study for many years

[en] Non-uniformity exists in all IRFPA detectors. A new scene-based algorithm is developed to compensate for bias non-uniformity in focal-plane arrays. The technique is based on use of estimates of interframe sub-pixel shifts in an image sequence, in conjunction with a linear interpolation model for the motion, to exact information on the bias non-uniformity algebraically. Through a serial of experiment on real IRFPA images, we find the algorithm is effective and is more promising in comparison with the statistical approaches

[en] Hydraulic optimization design with CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) method, hydraulic optimization measures and model test results in the hydraulic development of Xiluodu hydropower station by DFEM (Dongfang Electric Machinery) of DEC (Dongfang Electric Corporation) of China were analyzed in this paper. The hydraulic development conditions of turbine, selection of design parameter, comparison of geometric parameters and optimization measure of turbine flow components were expatiated. And the measures of improving turbine hydraulic performance and the results of model turbine acceptance experiment were discussed in details.

[en] Unlike spin ice on pyrochlore lattice, the spin ice structure on kagome lattice retains net magnetic charge, indicating non-negligible dipolar interaction in modulating the spin ice states. While it is predicted that the dipolar spin ice on kagome lattice exhibits a ground state with magnetic charge order and √3 × √3 spin order, our work focuses on the magnetization plateau of this system. By employing the Wang-Landau algorithm, it is revealed that the lattice exhibits the fantastic three-step magnetization in response to magnetic field h along the [10] and [01] directions, respectively. For the h//[1 0] case, an additional √3/6M_s step, where M_s is the saturated magnetization, is observed in a specific temperature range, corresponding to a new state with charge order and short-range spin order

[en] Bubble detectors which are commonly used as neutron detectors have been demonstrated through this study to be good detectors for registration of high energy heavy ion tracks. Large size bubble detectors made in China Institute of Atomic Energy were irradiated to heavy ions Ar and C up to 650 MeV/u and 400 MeV/u, respectively. Very clear features of stringy tracks of high energy heavy ions and their fragmentations are manifested and distinguishable. A single track created by a specific high energy heavy ion is composed of a line of bubbles, which is visible by naked eyes and retained for months without reduction in size. The creation of heavy ion tracks in bubble detectors is governed by a threshold whose essence is approximately a critical value of energy loss rate (dE/dX)_c similar to that of etch track detectors. Ranges of heavy ions in bubble detectors are apparent and predictable by existing formulas. Identification of high energy heavy ions and the applications to heavy ion physics, cosmic rays, exotic particles and cancer therapy monitoring are obviously promising. The experimental and theoretical aspects of high energy heavy ion tracks in bubble detectors as well as the expectable applications are presented and discussed

[en] In this paper, an efficient method based on nonlinear adaptive filtering is proposed to detect the small IR target of low SNR under the complex background. The morphologic filter can be constructed firstly based on the IR radiation traits of low SNR small targets in the complex background and then a morphological method is used to eliminate the influence of the unbalance background to the image segmentation. Next an algorithm of adaptive threshold segmentation is adopted in order to select the small moving target and the noise points. Finally, on the basis of image sequences, the satisfactory targets detection is accomplished after eliminating wrong point targets. The method presented in this paper can effectively suppress the noise and the air background of the original image, enhance the ability of point target detection in single frame

[en] Switched reluctance motors (SRM) are the core components of household appliances, which directly affect the performance and quality of household appliances. We have studied the application of switched reluctance motors in the home appliance industry. The 12/8-pole three-phase switched reluctance motor with a new rotor structure was proposed for the performance of SRM and the performance is simulated by MATLAB tools. Besides, the control principle and the operating equations of the switched reluctance motor are also introduced and deduced in detail. For the further work, although the 12/8 pole switched reluctance motor can effectively reduce the torque ripple, it cannot be completely eliminated. Therefore, the next step should continue to explore ways to reduce torque ripple. (paper)

[en] A high-frequency charge-biased CMOS-MEMS resonant gate field effect transistor (RGFET) composed of a metal–oxide composite resonant-gate structure and an FET transducer has been demonstrated utilizing the TSMC 0.35 μm CMOS technology with Q > 1700 and a signal-to-feedthrough ratio greater than 35 dB under a direct two-port measurement configuration. As compared to the conventional capacitive-type MEMS resonators, the proposed CMOS-MEMS RGFET features an inherent transconductance gain (g_m) offered by the FET transduction capable of enhancing the motional signal of the resonator and relaxing the impedance mismatch issue to its succeeding electronics or 50 Ω-based test facilities. In this work, we design a clamped–clamped beam resonant-gate structure right above a floating gate FET transducer as a high-Q building block through a maskless post-CMOS process to combine merits from the large capacitive transduction areas of the large-width beam resonator and the high gain of the underneath FET. An analytical model is also provided to simulate the behavior of the charge-biased RGFET; the theoretical prediction is in good agreement with the experimental results. Thanks to the deep-submicrometer gap spacing enabled by the post-CMOS polysilicon release process, the proposed resonator under a purely capacitive transduction already attains motional impedance less than 10 kΩ, a record-low value among CMOS-MEMS capacitive resonators. To go one step further, the motional signal of the proposed RGFET is greatly enhanced through the FET transduction. Such a strong transmission and a sharp phase transition across 0° pave a way for future RGFET-type oscillators in RF and sensor applications. A time-elapsed characterization of the charge leakage rate for the floating gate is also carried out. (paper)