[en] Experimental results show that spontaneous emission coefficients of argon ion Ar⁺ vary in instense light field. They are not constant parameters that do not depend on outside conditions. It is also found that their variance is related to change of total angular momentum ΔJ and orbital angular momentum ΔL of ion during transition

[en] Objective: To identify the chemoresistant factors predicting the response to preoperative chemotherapy and clinicopathological prognosis in bulky cervical cancer. Methods: 68 patients with bulky cervical carcinoma treated with two courses of intraarterial infusion of cisplatin 80 mg, 5-fluorouracil (5Fu) 1500 mg and AT₁₂₅₈ or EADR 60 mg, followed by radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy at our hospital between 1996-1999 were retrospectively reviewed. Expressions of the chemoresistance-related proteins, such as P-glycoprotein, glutathione S-transferase (GST), and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in the tumor cells were examined by immunohistochemistry in previous biopsy specimens. These results were compared with the chemotherapeutic response obtained by gynecological examination and vagina ultrasonic. 68 patients were followed-up. SPSS 8.0 was used. Results: P-glycoprotein expression rate was 31% and GST expression rate was 51%. There were 38 patients whose PCNA labellings were more than 50% and 30 less than 50%. The total chemotherapeutic response rate was 84%. Chemotherapeutic response rate was significantly correlated with P-glycoprotein expression (P=0.013) and PCNA labelling (P=0.001), but not GST expression in the tumor cells. Parauterine involvement and lymph node metastasis were independent factors for prognosis in this group. The survival rate in MDR (+) group was lower than MDR (-) group. No significant correlation between either the expression of GST or PCNA. Conclusions: The expression of P-glycoprotein and PCNA is potentially useful for predicting the response to preoperative chemotherapy for cervical cancer. The parauterine involvement and lymph node metastasis were independent prognostic factors for the survival rate including the expression of P-glycoprotein

[en] Background: Cervical cancer gets the highest incidence in female reproductive system and is ranked secondary in mortality rate of Chinese female tumors. Lymphatic metastasis is the uppermost mode, so the conventional surgery performed in early stage patients is radical hysterectomy along with pelvic lymph nodes dissection. However, the latter is often ccompanied with some disadvantages and a series of intercurrent diseases such as prolonged surgery time, increased blood loss, vessel and nerve damage, lymph cyst with infection, pelvic conglutination, lymphedema of thighs or legs. Since sentinel lymph node (SLN) stands important in clinical value, we refer to the experience we've got in breast cancer for investigating the feasibility of SLNs detection in cervical cancer after radionuclide injection as well as the guidance significance of lymphoscintigraphy in rapid search for SLNs in surgery. Methods: Millennium VG ECT/CT manufactured by GE Company and 99Tcm -sulphur colloid (⁹⁹Tc^m -SC) produced by CIS-US Company were used in the study. Between April and November 2003, 20 patients with cervical cancer FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) stage Ib or IIa underwent SLNs radionuclide dection. 10-12 hour before surgery, 148 Mbq/2 ml ⁹⁹Tc^m -SC were injected into the cervical tissue around the tumor at 3 and 9 o'clock evenly about 0.5 cm deep. Then the patients underwent instant lymphoscintigraphy, positioning tomography and a delayed imaging. In surgery, a hand-held γ-ray detector probe was used to find the ^hot spots' . Besides, 4ml blue dye was injected evenly through the same places as the nuclide did and the blue sentinel lymph nodes (BSLNs) were recorded. Then the conventional pelvic nodes dissection and histological check up of the nodes were performed. Comparing the difference between the two Methods, analyzing the relation between the 'hot spots' and BSLNS, and checking the histological results. Results In the study we found 53 SLNs. Combining the two Methods, all the SLNs were found in the all 20 patients, the detection rate reaches 100% while the false negative rate 0%. T-detection rate is 92.5% (49/53) whereas blue dye detection rate shows 88.7 % (47/53); the complete compliance of the two Methods reaches 75% (15/20). In 13 patients, lymphoscintigraphy showed the same SLNs region as γ-detection did ,the rate is 65% (13/20). In addition, the frequency of SLNs located in obturator, hypogastric area, external iliac, and common iliac shows 75%, 45%, 20% and 20% respectively. The data indicates that it quite agrees with the theoretical lymph drain of cervical cancer and is very close to some study results reported. Conclusion: Radionuclide allows successful SLNs detection in cervical cancer patients, and the detection rate would be raised if it is combined with blue dye. Presurgical lymphoscintigraphy contributes to directing positioning SLNs rapidly in surgery. The clinical validity of this technique could be evaluated prospectively. (authors)

[en] Objective: investigate the feasibility of sentinel lymph node (SLN) detection after radio-nuclide injection as well as the significance of lymphoscintigraphical guidance in rapid search for SLNs in surgery in cervical cancer patients. Methods: 10-12 h before surgery, 20 patients with cervical cancer of International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage Ib or IIa underwent instant or delayed lymphoscintigraphy and positioning tomography after intracervical injection of ⁹⁹Tc^m-sulphur colloid (SC). In surgery, a hand-held γ ray detection probe was used to find the 'hot spot'. Besides, 4 ml blue dye was injected around the cervical lesion and the blue sentinel lymph nodes (BSLN) were recorded. Then the conventional pelvic node exsection and node biopsy were performed. The mutual relation between the two methods and the pathological results were analyzed. Results: Combining the two methods we detected all the SLNs in the 20 patients, the detection rate reached 100% while the false negative rate was 0%. γ-detection rate was 92.5% (49/53) whereas blue dye detection rate was 88.7%(47/53); the complete congruence of the two methods reached 75%(15/20). In 13 patients, lymphoscintigraphy showed the same SLNs region as γ-detection did, the rate was 65%(13/20). Conclusions: Radio-nuclide could be used to detect SLNs in cervical cancer, and the detection rate would be raised if it is combined with blue dye injection. Presurgical lymphoscintigraphy is likely to direct positioning SLNs rapidly in surgery. (authors)

[en] Highlights: • The TiO_2 nanotube substrates filled with simvastatin were successfully coated using chitosan/gelatin multilayers. • The bio-functionalized substrates display controlled release of simvastatin in a sustained manner. • The bio-functionalized substrates have great potential for improving osteoblast differentiation. • The bio-functionalized substrates effectively inhibit osteoclast differentiation. - Abstract: The aim of this study was to fabricate a novel drug-releasing bioactive platform that has excellent potential for improving osteoblast differentiation and inhibiting osteoclast resorption. TiO_2 nanotubes (TNTs) with an outer diameter of around 70 nm were prepared by an anodization method. TNTs were filled with simvastatin (SV) and then coated using chitosan/gelatin multilayers (TNT-SV-LBL). The successful fabrication of TNT-SV-LBL substrates was confirmed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and contact angle measurement, respectively. The in vitro release behavior of simvastatin from TNT-SV-LBL substrates showed a sustained release as compared to the uncoated group. Osteoblasts adhering to TNT-SV-LBL substrates attached well and displayed significantly higher (p < 0.01) cell viability compared with the other substrates. More importantly, osteoblasts grown on TNT-SV-LBL substrates displayed a statistically significant (p < 0.01 or p < 0.05) increase in protein production levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OC) and mRNA expression of runt related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), ALP, collagen type I (Col I), osteopontin (OPN), OC and osteoprotegerin (OPG) compared to the other groups after 4, 7 and 14 days of culture, respectively. Additionally, multinuclear osteoclastic differentiation of RAW264.7 cells grown on TNT-SV-LBL substrates was inhibited as confirmed by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) analysis. These results demonstrated that bio-functionalized substrates with SV and chitosan/gelatin multilayers have great potential for improving osteoblast differentiation, as well as inhibiting osteoclast formation. Therefore, these advanced surface and chemical capabilities make this substrate well suited for the development of a drug-releasing Ti implant for bone regeneration.

[en] An experimental implement method of optical image encryption based on digital holography and computer generated hologram (CGH) is proposed in this paper. The actual object is encrypted by double random phase in the digital holography system and CGH encoding process, and after that the decryption is achieved in optical Fourier transform and a Fresnel diffraction system based on a spatial light modulator. In this method, both physical and digital images can be encrypted in optical systems. Meanwhile, besides the double random phase keys, Fresnel diffraction distance, wavelength key in digital holography systems and CGH coding parameters improve the security. Experimental results are in agreement with numerical calculations which show the feasibility and practicability of the proposed experimental method. (paper)

[en] Salvage cytoreductive surgery (SCR) has been shown to improve the survival of cancer patients. This study aimed to determine the survival benefits of SCR for recurrent endometrial cancer in Chinese population. Between January 1995 and May 2012, 75 Chinese patients with recurrent endometrial cancer undergoing SCR were retrospectively analyzed. 43 patients (57.3%) had R0 (no visible disease), 15 patients (20.0%) had R1 (residual disease ≤1 cm), and 17 (22.7%) had R2 (residual disease >1 cm) Resection. 35 patients (46.7%) had single, and 40 (53.3%) had multiple sites of recurrence. The median survival time was 18 months, and 5-year overall survival (OS) rate were 42.0%. Multivariate analysis showed that residual disease ≤1 cm and high histology grade were significantly associated with a better OS. The size of the largest recurrent tumors (≤6 cm), solitary recurrent tumor, and age at recurrence (≤56 years old) were associated with optimal SCR. Optimal SCR and high histology grade are associated with prolonged overall survival for patients with recurrent endometrial cancer. Patients with young age, tumor size < 6 cm, and solitary recurrent tumor are more likely to benefit from optimal cytoreductive surgery

[en] Highlights: • A quantum mechanical model determined cations substituted problem. • Only nine kinds of cations can be all substituted into Pb sites. • The first principle identified the nine kinds of structural stability. • Nine kinds of cations substituted can control the band gap. -- Abstract: Organic-inorganic hybrid CH₃NH₃PbI₃ perovskite has a great potential for applications in low-cost photovoltaic devices. However, the doped and substitution of Pb sites in CH₃NH₃PbI₃ has not been widely reported. In this article, a quantum mechanical model was applied to determine why all divalent cations cannot substitute the Pb cations of CH₃NH₃PbI₃ perovskite. The evaluation was performed by comparison the model with experimental results. On this basis, we carefully examined 42 types of cations and identified only nine kinds of cations including Ca²⁺, Sr²⁺, Sc²⁺, Ti²⁺, V²⁺, Y²⁺, Zr²⁺, Nb²⁺ and Sn²⁺ for doped into Pb sites. In these cases, it is expected that the corresponding compound would be single phase. Finally, an analysis was performed based on first principle, and the results indicate that divalent cations substituting the Pb sites modify the band structure and influence the performance of perovskite-based photostatics.

[en] To explore the outcomes and prognostic factors of ovarian metastasectomy intervention on overall survival from extragenital primary cancer. Patients with ovarian metastases from extragenital primary cancer confirmed by laparotomy surgery and ovarian metastases resection were retrospectively collected in a single institution during an 8-year period. A total of 147 cases were identified and primary tumor sites were colorectal region (49.0%), gastric (40.8%), breast (8.2%), biliary duct (1.4%) and liver (0.7%). The pathological and clinical features were evaluated. Patients’ outcome with different primary tumor sites and predictive factors for overall survival were also investigated by univariate and multivariate analysis. Metachronous ovarian metastasis occurred in 92 (62.6%) and synchronous in 55 (37.4%) patients. Combined metastases occurred in 40 (27.2%). Bilateral metastasis was found in 97 (66%) patients. The median ovarian metastasis tumor size was 9 cm. There were 39 (26.5%) patients with massive ascites ≥ 1000 mL on intraoperative evaluation. With a median follow-up of 48 months, the median OS after ovarian metastasectomy for all patients was 8.2 months (95% CI 7.2-9.3 months). In univariate analyses, there is significant (8.0 months vs. 41.0 months, P = 0.000) difference in OS between patients with gastrointestinal cancer origin from breast origin, and between patients with gastric origin from colorectal origin (7.4 months vs. 8.8 months, P = 0.036). In univariate analyses, synchronous metastases, locally invasion, massive intraoperative ascites (≥ 1000 mL), and combined metastasis, were identified as significant poor prognostic factors. In multivariate analyses combined metastasis (RR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.09-2.69, P = 0.018), locally invasion (RR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.03-2.54, P = 0.038) and massive intraoperative ascites (RR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.02-2.49, P = 0.04) were independent factors for predicting unfavorable overall survival. Ovarian metastases are more commonly originated from primary gastrointestinal tract. The prognosis of ovarian metastasis is dismal and the benefit of ovarian metastatectomy is limited. Combined metastasis outside ovaries, locally invasion and massive intraoperative ascites were independent factors for predicting unfavorable overall survival. The identification of the primary tumor is required to plan for adequate treatment for this group of patients