[en] Objective: To study the expression of activation markers CD69, CD25, CD71, HLA-DR on synovial fluid lymphocytes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to identify their role in the pathogenesis of RA. Methods: Cell surface expression of activation markers CD69, CD25, CD71 and HLA-DR on lymphocytes of synovial fluid in 20 patients with RA were studied with flow cytometry and 10 controls. Results: The expressions of CD25 and CD71 on lymphocytes in patients's synovial fluid were significantly higher than those in controls (P<0.01). But the expressions of CD69 and HLA-DR were not significantly different (P>0.05). Conclusion: The over-expression of CD25, CD71 on lymphocytes in synovial fluid of patients with RA may play an important role in the pathogenesis of RA. (authors)

No abstract available

[en] Slope error and evaluation criteria of bent mirror of synchrotron radiation induced from gravity are introduced. According to the bending theory of beam, a method of gravity compensation by couple combined with multi-point forces is proposed. Taking the bent mirror of the XAFS beam-line (BL14W) at Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF) as an example, the minimum root mean square (RMS) slope error of the bent mirror under the action of two-point, three-point and four-point forces combined with couples are calculated, and the result is 0.092, 0.041 and 0.022 μrad, respectively. The comparison between the compensation results shows that when a couple is applied to both ends of the mirror, the corresponding compensation forces decreases, and the slope errors of the couple combined with two-point, three-point and four-point forces are 52%, 61% and 68% of those without couples. Obviously, the compensation method of couples combined with multi-point forces is better than the multi-point forces compensation method. (authors)

[en] The Pb-doped Bi-based amorphous solid has been prepared by the anvil quenching method from the melt. The crystallization and phase transition in the amorphous solid was studied by XRD, DSC and SEM. After annealing, authors obtained the dense superconductor which onset and zero resistance temperature are 120K and 107K respectively. It was observed that there were impure phases in the grain-boundaries by TEM with EDAX. (author). 4 refs., 7 figs

[en] From the viewpoint of engineering and environmental assessment, this paper briefly represents some essential concepts concerning mixing behavior in a natural stream and experimental results and theoretical researches which domestic and international scientists have conducted in this field. Formulae are recommanded for predicting the transverse mixing coefficient, the longitudinal dispersion coefficent, the non-uniform dilution factor, the mixing distance and concentration of pollutants, longitudinal spread scale and elapsing time of a pollutant cloud. The applicability of this method is also discussed

[en] For the fabrication of periodic microstructures, a high-precision and highly efficient polarization-controlled three-beam interference technology (PoTBI) has been developed. With the theory of superposition of multiple laser beams, simulations on the influence of polarization upon the intensity distribution in the overlapped area have been carried out. By controlling the polarization of the interfering beams, various intensity patterns can be obtained. An optical setup for PoTBI has been realized and used to generate microstructures in polyimide foil. Micro cavities, micro bumps, eye-like cavities and rectangular columns of hexagonal symmetry and one-dimensional lines are produced. Compared with other multi-beam interference technologies, different surface textures of hexagonal symmetry with the same periodicity can be obtained only by changing the polarization status of the interfering beams without changing the geometrical interference setup. Thus, PoTBI provides a simply tunable texturing technology with a wide range of applications in surface structuring.

[en] The principle and construction of the magnetic gap control system of the transverse optical klystron for the storage ring free electron laser in the NSRL is described in this paper. Hardware, software flowchart and trouble shooting process are given for reliable engineering implementation of the system. The control system based on PC can easily adjust the magnetic gaps of the TOK modulator, dispersion section and radiator separately or simultaneously with 0.01 mm gap resolution. The storage ring vacuum chamber is free of destruction by a multi-protection system. Gap resolution can be enhanced one order of magnitude or more with the direct drive system, as suggested in the paper

[en] This paper presents an effective and flexible process to fabricate microlenses based on the overplating phenomenon in electroforming of microvias. With the overplating structures working as the master mold, the polymeric microlenses are replicated through a combination of PDMS molding and UV curing. Shape evolution of the overplating structures in electroforming leads to the formation of spherical surfaces and enables the fabrication of hemispherical lenses with various sizes and curvatures. Furthermore, through design of the pitch in the microvia array and control of the deposition time in electroforming, microlens arrays with packing ratios up to 100% can be obtained. Results of geometrical and optical measurements demonstrate the potential of this method in the fabrication of microlenses. (paper)

[en] Purpose: Increased attention has been focused on the survival of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients with bone metastasis. This study proposed to establish and evaluate a nomogram for predicting the overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) of RCC patients with bone metastasis. Materials and Methods: RCC patients with bone metastasis between 2010 and 2015 were captured from the surveillance, epidemiology and end results (SEER) database. Univariate and multivariate cox regressions were performed to assess the effects of clinical variables on OS and CSS. The nomogram based on the Cox hazards regression model was developed. Concordance index (C-index) and calibration curve were performed to evaluate the accuracy of nomogram models, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and decision curve analysis (DCA) were conducted to assess the predict performance. Results: A total of 2.471 eligible patients were enrolled in this study. The patients were assigned to primary (n=1.672) and validation (n=799) cohorts randomly. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS and CSS nomogram models were constructed based on age at diagnosis, sex, marital status, pathological grade, T-stage, N-stage, brain/liver/lung metastasis, surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The c for OS and CSS prediction was 0.730 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.719-0.741) and 0.714 (95%CI:0.702-0.726). The calibration curves showed significant agreement between nomogram models and actual observations. ROC and DCA indicated nomograms had better predict performance. Conclusions: The nomograms for predicting prognosis provided an accurate prediction of OS and CSS in RCC patients with bone metastasis, and contributed clinicians to optimize individualized treatment plans. (author)

[en] Highlights: • Development of a heuristic method for identifying socioeconomic drought events • A new index, the socioeconomic drought index (SEDI), is proposed. • Historical and future drought analyses under climate change are conducted. • The impact of reservoir operation on drought analysis is discussed. Drought is a complex natural hazard that may have destructive damages on societal properties and even lives. Generally, socioeconomic drought occurs when water resources systems cannot meet water demand, mainly due to a weather-related shortfall in water supply. This study aims to propose a new method, a heuristic method, and a new index, the socioeconomic drought index (SEDI), for identifying and evaluating socioeconomic drought events on different severity levels (i.e., slight, moderate, severe, and extreme) in the context of climate change. First, the minimum in-stream water requirement (MWR) is determined through synthetically evaluating the requirements of water quality, ecology, navigation, and water supply. Second, according to the monthly water deficit calculated as the monthly streamflow data minus the MWR, the drought month can be identified. Third, according to the cumulative water deficit calculated from the monthly water deficit, drought duration (i.e., the number of continuous drought months) and water shortage (i.e., the largest cumulative water deficit during the drought period) can be detected. Fourth, the SEDI value of each socioeconomic drought event can be calculated through integrating the impacts of water shortage and drought duration. To evaluate the applicability of the new method and new index, this study examines the drought events in the East River basin in South China, and the impact of a multi-year reservoir (i.e., the Xinfengjiang Reservoir) in this basin on drought analysis is also investigated. The historical and future streamflow of this basin is simulated using a hydrologic model, Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) model. For historical and future drought analysis, the proposed new method and index are feasible to identify socioeconomic drought events. The results show that a number of socioeconomic drought events (including some extreme ones) may occur in future, and the appropriate reservoir operation can significantly ease such situation.