[en] When adsorbed on a specially functioned fiber comprising an ion exchanger having a cation-exchange group, produced by grafting copolymerization with the radiation of Co⁶⁰-γ ray, rare earth metals like Sm, Gd can be eluted with an aqueous solution of a chelating agent in order, resulting in a successfull separation in rare earth metals. The exchange characteristics of the cation-exchange fiber have been determined and the influence of technological conditions in separation, such as Ph value, column ratio, linear velocity of eluting agent, concentration of eluting agent, concentration of weak acid and temperature, on the separation efficiency of Sm from Gd have been studied. It is confirmed that this separation process is better than the previous ones. (author) 35 figs., 8 tabs., 4 refs

[en] Highlights: • Adjustable-geometry ejector and bypass ejector could both improve the entrainment ratio. • Adjustable-geometry ejector was effective as spindle moved into the primary nozzle. • The ejector with bypass installed downstream was effective at higher induced pressure. • The combination ejector was an effective improvement to increase entrainment ratio. -- Abstract: The relatively low entrainment ratio is the key problem that confines the ejector development in the industry. In this study, the adjustable-geometry ejectors (with three different spindle positions) and ejectors with bypass (with two different bypass inlet installations) were adopted to promote the entrainment ratio of an ejector. The performance of the adjustable-geometry combined with bypass was also investigated. Results showed that the adjustable-geometry ejector and ejector with bypass could improve the entrainment ratio, and both ejectors reached a peak value. Compared with the original ejector, the maximum increment was 51.47% for the adjustable-geometry ejector and 26.0% for the ejector with bypass, respectively. Meanwhile, the combined ejector increased the entrainment ratio, although the combination was only effective at higher induced pressures than that of the adjustable-geometry ejector without bypass. The maximum increment was up to 74.5% compared to that of the original ejector.