[en] [¹⁸F]CP 99,219 [(1α,5α,6α)-7-(6-amino-3-azabicyclo [3.1.0]hex-3-yl)-1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1, 8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid] was prepared by ¹⁸F for ¹⁹ exchange followed by reverse-phase HPLC purification. Studies of the effects of reaction time and temperature on ¹⁸F incorporation demonstrated that heating 1.0 mg of CP 99,219 in 0.5 cc of DMSO with 4.5 mg of K₂CO₃ and 24 mg of Kryptofix for 15 min at 160 deg. C results in the optimal compromise between radiochemical yield and purity. This method routinely provides radiochemical yields of 15-30% [EOS] with radiochemical purities of >97%. Varying the concentration of CP 99,219 in the reaction mixture had no effect on yield. Biodistribution studies in rats demonstrated that significant concentrations of drug accumulate in most tissues. The tissues with the highest concentrations of drug were intestine, liver, kidney, and stomach

[en] Changes in substance P (SP) receptor concentration have been implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders, Parkinson's disease, arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease and asthma. Since, SP and peptide analogs are rapidly metabolized and do not penetrate into the CNS, they are not useful for PET. Recently, a non-peptide SP antagonist, (+)-(2S,3S)-3-(2-methoxybenzylamino)-2-phenylpiperidine (CP-99,994) was developed. As a prelude to PET studies, this compound was radiolabeled with ¹¹C and biodistribution was determined in hamsters. CP-99,994 was radiolabeled by methylation of tert-Boc, desmethyl CP-99,994 with ¹¹CH₃I followed by deprotection and HPLC purification. The time required for the synthesis was 40 min from the end of bombardment. Radiochemical purity of the final product was > 95% and specific activity was routinely > 1000 mCi/μmol [EOS]. The biodistribution of ¹¹C-CP-99,994 was determined in groups of six Syrian hamsters at 5 and 30 min after injection. The results of these studies demonstrated that significant concentrations (%ID/g ± SEM) of CP-99,994 accumulate in most tissues of the hamster. The highest levels of drug were detected in the lung: 21.04 ± 1.26 (5 min) and 13.49 ± 1.71 (30 min). Brain accumulation was: 1.44 ± 0.06 (5 min), 1.32 ± 0.05 (30 min). These results indicate that ¹¹C-CP-99,994 can be prepared in high purity and specific activity. This new radiopharmaceutical may be useful for studying both central and peripheral SP receptors by PET

[en] This panel focused on the progression of cleanup on the Hanford Site, Washington, USA, from establishing the regulatory framework necessary for cleanup, to understanding the risks and addressing near-term hazards, to moving to 24/7 operations as cleanup focuses on tank waste treatment and co-located risk reduction efforts as the active cleanup footprint shrinks. Panelists with presentations: Hanford: Past, Present, Future (Brian Vance); Protecting the River (L. Ty Blackford); Hanford Tank Farms (John Eschenberg Jr.); The Hanford Site (Robert Wilkinson); The Hanford Site (Valerie McCain)

[en] Fluor Hanford is responsible for cleanup of legacy wastes, old production facilities, and environmental contamination that remain at the Hanford site. New technologies and technical information are being introduced to improve cost efficiency and assure safety. This paper presents recent advances in four of Fluor's projects. Supporting the Plutonium Finishing Plan Closure Project, laboratory evaluations and thermal analyses were conducted to quantify the potential for self-heating reactions that can develop in materials used to remove plutonium from contaminated equipment. Four commercial products were tested, and safe limits for packaging these wastes have been developed. The Groundwater Remediation Project is testing two technologies that show promise of preventing groundwater contaminants from reaching the Columbia River by innovative in situ methods. Laboratory tests are showing that the mineral apatite can sequester Sr-90, and current work to control in situ placement of the barrier is supporting a field deployment in late FY 06. In another location, a new approach using zero valent iron is being tested to 'mend' areas breached in the in situ redox manipulation barrier, which was installed to convert soluble chromium +6 to the less mobile +3 state. The Waste Stabilization and Disposition Project has successfully operated a process to grout sludge from spent fuel storage basins which controls the dose below contact handled limits. An in-line sensor and a nomogram that correlates dose to curies provide the operators with a simple and effective method to assure all waste drums meet WIPP acceptance specifications. The K Basins Closure Project will be transferring sludge containing fuel fragments using hoses and several pump booster stations. Selection of equipment fabrication materials required testing with a simulant, which in turn required laboratory evaluations of irradiated fuel hardness so that an appropriate non-radioactive material could be selected. A tungsten alloy was selected and used for testing system components

[en] This session focused on the DOE Hanford Site located in Richland, Washington, providing an overview of the Hanford Site's mission and successive progress on risk reduction as cleanup has progressed from removal of facilities and contamination along the river to the central plateau and startup of the world's largest vitrification facility. Updates on cleanup progress and future plans specifically highlighted the progressive risk reduction being achieved. Panelists with presentations: 'A Focus on Risk Reduction at Hanford' (Brian Stickney, US DOE (USA)); 'A Focus on Risk Reduction' (William (Bill) Hamel, US DOE (USA)); 'A Focus on Risk Reduction' (Scott Sax, Central Plateau Cleanup Company (CPCCo) Hanford Site (USA)); 'A Focus on Risk Reduction' (Jeffrey Frey, US DOE (USA)); 'A Focus on Risk Reduction' (Robert Wilkinson, Hanford Mission Integration Solutions (USA))

[en] This session was the second of three sessions that focused on the DOE Hanford Site located in Richland, Washington. The Hanford Site is the largest in the EM complex, with many interdependent programs, offices, contractors, regulators, and stakeholders that work together to drive cleanup priorities and progress. In early 2018, we recognized that the site was entering a transformational period. DOE leaders had to prepare the site for the next decade by creating a team-oriented approach, which was different from past years where projects ran independently. In 2020, not only was the site transitioning to support operations, but also transitioning to several new contracts and remobilizing the workforce due to concerns from the pandemic. The 'One Hanford' approach was a campaign aimed at increasing communication, collaboration, and teamwork to bring focus to the site's work ahead. Leaders were mindful to shift the existing culture among federal and contractor staff to prepare for an operational pace at the site not seen since the plutonium production years. Panelists with presentations: 'Transformational Leadership at Hanford' (Brian Vance, US DOE - Hanford (USA)); 'Transformational Leadership at Hanford' (Valerie McCain, Bechtel National (USA)); 'Transformational Leadership at Hanford' (John Eschenberg Jr., Washington River Protection Solutions (USA)); 'Transformational Leadership at Hanford' (Gregory Jones, US DOE (USA)); 'Transformational Leadership at Hanford' (Robert Wilkinson, Hanford Mission Integration Solutions (USA)); 'Transformational Leadership at Hanford' (Scott Sax, Central Plateau Cleanup Company (CPCCo) Hanford Site (USA)); 'Transformational Leadership at Hanford' (Carrie Meyer, US DOE (USA))