[en] A real γ external exposure accident is briefed. Gonadal doses (9.5 x 10^-3-1.4 mGy) and mean doses of trunk midline (26-100 μGy) to six exposed boys (9-12 years) are reported

[en] The effective dose equivalents and ratios of organ or tissue doses to effective dose equivalents received by medical diagnostic X-ray workers were evaluated by means of personnel dosemeters. The dosemeters were placed in a nonuniform phantom made of dry skeleton and dry powder as equivalent soft tissue. Ratios of effective dose equivalents to dosemeter readings for male and female personnel were 0.52 and 0.43 for gastrointestinal examinations and 0.32 and 0.21 for chest fluoroscopy, respectively. Based on the personnel monitoring data, the effective dose equivalents to medical diagnostic X-ray workers were estimated

[en] It is very important to obtain the dose distributions of tissues in pelvic cavity for increasing therapy effects and protecting normal tissues and organs in the irradiated volume in intracavitary radiotherapy of cervical carcinoma. A nonuniform tissue equivalent anthropomorphic phantom of female hip was used in experimental measurements. For instance, to two clinical therapy plants the isodose distributions in the para-cervical and sagittal plane through the bladder and rectum have been measured with a Buchler after-loading equipment. The theoretical computations for one of two plans above with Monte Carlo method have obtained the isodose curves in the para-cervical plane. For dose rate at point 'A' (the tolerance dose point), the maximum error of measurement is 5.4%, compared with the ISO curves, the relative deviation between the two values is 3.0%, the statistics error of theoretical value is 4.0%, the theoretical result is in agreement within 5% with that obtained experimentally

[en] A nonuniform tissue equivalent anthropomorphic phantom of female hip, which was intended for measuring the isodose distributions in intracavitary radio therapy of cervical carcinoma, was developed. It was made of bone and muscle equivalent materials. CT number of normal organs and tissues in pelvis cavity and lower abdomen of the female were measured with CT scanner and compared with those values obtained from home-made phantom under same scan conditions. The electron density effective atomic number, mass density and CT number of equivalent muscle were as essentially same as real muscle. The clinical application of this phantom showed that its construction is reasonable, convenient in use and suitable for measuring isodose distributions for different programs of intracavitary radio therapy of cervical carcinoma

[en] Objective: To find out the radioactive dose burdens of inhabitants as a result of illegal uranium-mining. Estimate the annual effective dose of the inhabitants who lived in the radioactive contaminated area. Provide basis for the government department concerned to take punishing actions. Methods: The radioactive dose level and contamination on surface was determined with LB-123 multilateral function instrument in the life environment. ²²²Rn and its daughter's potential alpha energy concentration inside and outside the contamindted houses had been determined. Meanwile, authors had collected the specimens of food and drinking water to analyse contents of natural radionuclides, thus estimate the annual effective dose of the inhabitants. Results: The annual effective dose of inhabitants who lived in contaminated village house A was 13.75 mSv. Conclusion: Illegal uranium mining had brought about the fact that the annual effective dose of the inhabitants who lived in contaminated environment was markedly higher than the normal level. (authors)

[en] The dose distributions of head, maximum surface exposure, organ doses and effective dose equivalent in computed tomography of head using Hitachi CT-W₄ scanner (20 slices) were estimated with thermoluminescent dosimeters and a human body phantom. The formulae for estimating doses were derived