[en] The solution of Poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) in chloroform is generally adopted for fabricating P3HT thin films or nanofibers. In this work, 4 regular P3HT solution weight percentages, 2, 3, 5 and 7 wt.%, are compounded to fabricate P3HT thin films by using spin-coating technique. Raman spectrum study suggests that the density of the P3HT thin films varies with different P3HT solution weight percentages while X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that the crystal structures are identical for all P3HT thin films. The transient electrothermal technique is employed to measure the thermal diffusivity of the P3HT thin films and an efficient temperature-resistance calibration is performed to cooperatively study the thermal conductivity. When the P3HT weight percentage changes from 2% to 7%, the thermal conductivity varies from 1.29 W/m.K to 1.67 W/m.K and the thermal diffusivity goes down from around 10^-6 m²/s to 5 x 10^-7 m²/s. The density of P3HT thin films is also determined from the experimental data. The relationship between the density and thermophysical properties clearly demonstrates that the thermal conductivity increases with density while the thermal diffusivity decreases.

[en] The in situ synthesis processes and luminescence behaviors of the 2-pyridinecarboxylic acid europium (PA:Eu³⁺) complexes in sol-gel derived host materials have been investigated. The Raman scattering spectrum of the 1 mol% EuCl₃ and 3 mol% PA co-doped gel was similar to that of the PA:Eu³⁺ complex powders that were synthesized in ethanol, which indicated that the PA:Eu³⁺ complexes have been in situ synthesized in the 1 mol% EuCl₃ and 3 mol% PA co-doped gel. The excitation and the emission spectra of the 1 mol% EuCl₃ and 3 mol% PA co-doped gels, which were similar to that of the PA:Eu³⁺ complex powders, also indicated an efficient ligand-to-metal energy transfer which belonged to the complexes. The decay curve of the 1 mol% EuCl₃ and 3 mol% PA co-doped gel can be fitted to a double-exponential function. After the gel was heated at 90 deg. C for 12 h, the decay curve can be fitted to a single-exponential function due to vaporization of the most residual water in the gel. The dependence of luminescence intensity and the decay time of x% EuCl₃ and 3x% PA co-doped gels that were heated at 90 deg. C for 12 h on various concentrations of the EuCl₃ and PA were also investigated. The luminescence intensity and the decay time reached a maximum for 1 mol% EuCl₃ and 3 mol% PA co-doped gel that were heated at 90 deg. C for 12 h

No abstract available

[en] This paper introduces a method of measuring radioactivity in air aerosol samples with HPGe γ spectrometer. Aerosol particles were collected on a filter by a sampler. Then the filter was compressed to wafer and analyzed by a HPGe γ spectrometer. The radionuclides in the aerosol sample were identified and their concentrations in air were calculated by analyzing the obtained γ spectra. Since the level of radioactivity in aerosol samples was very low, the sample to be measured must be laid on the surface of the HPGe detector, and the coincidence summing effect should be corrected in the analysis. (authors)

[en] Due to the shape of the deformation associated core components is changed, it can't be inserted to fuel assembly or storage rack, and it can only be stored in spent fuel storage cell. Deformation associated core components in this state will lose support. Rods of deformation associated core components become bend under the weight of its own, which may be damaged for a long time in this state, thus the material inside leaked and the spent fuel pool is contaminated. Therefore, we must design a tool, which can safely store the deformation associated core components. Qinshan Phase Ⅱ is selected as the test site for the whole development process, with three groups of deformation associated core components (a group of primary neutron source assembly, a group of burnable poison assembly, a group of rod cluster control assembly) in the spent fuel pool as development objects. Ultimately a set of tools suitable for the safe storage of deformation associated core components are developed, which ensure the integrity of the deformation associated core components. (authors)

[en] The capabilities of α-hydroxy-α-methylbutyric acid (HMBA) and α-hydroxyisobutyric acid (HIBA) for the cation exchange chromatographic separation of Am(III)-Cm(III) under the same conditions have been studied. The separation factor of these two elements obtained by using HIBA as eluant is 1.37 which is in accordance with the data given in the litrature, while that obtained by using HMBA as eluant is 1.71. It can easily be seen from these data that HMBA is a better eluting agent for the cation exchange chromatographic separation of Am(IIII)-Cm(III) than HIBA. Many factors which could affect the effectiveness of Am(III)-Cm(III) separation using HMBA as eluent have also been studied in order to use HMBA as a practical eluting agent and it is found that quite satisfactory results of the cation exchange chromatographic separation of Am(III)-Cm(III) can be obtained using an eluting solution containing 0.3 to 0.4 mol/l of HMBA in the pH range from 4.0 to 4.4 and in the temperature range from 25 to 70 deg C

[en] Highlights: •The potential of electrolytic carbon as catalyst for oxygen reduction was evaluated. •A molten salt method for electrolytic-carbon modification was demonstrated. •The electrolytic carbon was activated for the ORR by the molten salt sulfidation. •Sulfur and cobalt dual modification further improved the ORR activity of the carbon. -- Abstract: The electrolytic carbon (E-carbon) derived from greenhouse gas CO₂ in molten carbonates at mild temperature possesses high electrical conductivity and suitable specific surface area. In this work, its potential as catalyst is investigated towards oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). It is revealed that the pristine E-carbon has no electrocatalytic activity for the ORR due to its high surface content of carboxyl group. The carbon was then treated in a Li₂SO₄ containing Li₂CO₃-Na₂CO₃-K₂CO₃ molten salt at 550 °C. Sulfur modified E-carbon was obtained in the melt via a galvanic sulfidation reaction, in which Li₂SO₄ served as a nontoxic sulfur source and an oxidant. The sulfur modified E-carbon showed a significantly improved electrocatalytic activity. Subsequently, a sulfur/cobalt dual modified carbon with much higher catalysis activity was successfully prepared by treating an E-carbon/CoSO₄ composite in the same melt. The dual modified E-carbon showed excellent catalytic performance with activity close to the commercial Pt/C catalyst but a high tolerance towards methanol.

[en] Sorption (distribution) coefficients of plutonium were most often derived by static batch experiments. However, it is not clear how unsaturated flow conditions including moisture content and pore water velocity change the sorption coefficients. Transport experiments of plutonium through the unsaturated sediments packed into the columns were then performed in order to determine the sorption coefficients (column-K_ds). Static batch experiments were also conducted to obtain batch-K_ds and then compare the differences between batch-K_ds and column-K_ds. The results show that unsaturated flow conditions had no significant effect on column-K_ds, and the average column-K d value was 1.74 ± 0.02 m³/kg. By comparison, batch-K_d values spanned several orders of magnitude, regardless of the specified liquid-solid conditions. Moreover, the batch-K_d (22.7 m³/kg) at the standard L/S (4 mL/g) recommended by ASTM D 4319 was over an order of magnitude larger than the average column-K_d. (author)

[en] Highlights: • The activation of PS by Fe–EC was proposed for the first time. • The ICE–PS coupled system enhanced the corrosion of Fe. • DFT calculations identified the activation mechanism of PS by Fe–EC. • The radical process was proven in the ICE–PS coupled system. • The average %RSE was maintained at 23.1%. The greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO₂) was converted to a novel CO₂ conversion material (electrolytic carbon, EC) by molten salt electrochemical conversion, which served as the carbon source to prepare an iron–carbon composite (Fe–EC). The composite was used to activate persulfate (PS) and degrade 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) in an aqueous solution. The effects of several essential operating parameters such as PS dosage and pH on 2,4-DCP degradation were investigated. The removal efficiency of 2,4-DCP (20 mg L^–1) was 97.8% in the presence of Fe–EC (50 mg L^–1) and PS (1 mmol L^–1). Moreover, the average % reaction stoichiometric efficiency (RSE) (calculated for all selected times 5–60 min) was maintained at 23.07%. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), classical radical scavenging experiments, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were integrated for a mechanistic study, which disclosed that the active species in the system were identified as SO₄^⦁–, • OH, and ${\mathrm{O}}_2^{\mathrm{⦁}-}$. Moreover, the iron–carbon micro-electrolysis/PS (ICE-PS) system had a high tolerance to a wide range of pH, which would provide theoretical guidance for the treatment of organic pollutants in practical industrial wastewater.

[en] Aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) plays an important role in energy supply, which is renewable energy storage. Based on the data related to geological information of aquifer in Amsterdam, this paper proposes a characteristic analysis of the ATES. Results indicate that the ATES will produce less carbon dioxide than traditional heating and cooling systems, and it will reduce more system cost. Meanwhile, different architectural design will affect the efficiency of ATES and environment problem and so on. Generally, a more comprehensive design of ATES is necessary, which provided more valuable ideas for the process design of the ATES. Then the best condition of the distance design in the ATES can be chosen. (paper)