[en] Wetlands are commonly limited in available nitrogen. But marshes in the Sanjiang Plain, Northeastern China suffer large amounts of exogenous nitrogen from agriculture fertilization after wetland reclamation. This paper focuses on the ecological effects of a short-term increase of nitrogen input on collembolan communities. Our results show a significant decrease in collembolan abundance and Shannon diversity index, and the abundance of euedaphic and hemiedaphic collembolans decreased faster than epedaphic collembolans. These results indicate that euedaphic or hemiedaphic fauna suffer more biodiversity loss caused by nitrogen deposition than epedaphic fauna and call for more researches on trait-based approaches under environmental stress in the future. - Highlights: • Nitrogen inputs significantly decreased Collembola density and diversity. • Collembola are species-specific sensitive to nitrogen inputs. • Euedaphic and hemiedaphic Collembola suffer larger damages than epedaphic species to nitrogen input. - Expect the traditional density or diversity index, current trait-based approaches can supplement our knowledge about environmental stress on belowground ecosystems.