[en] A method and apparatus for ion-flow radiography of an object utilizing a high-pressure gas for conversion under electric field of differentially-absorbed x-radiation into electrostatic charge images, employs a closed chamber and a charge-image-receiving mesh structure movable after exposure between an ion line source and a row of ion detectors, to provide direct charge readout Esub(OUT) without opening of the imaging chamber. (U.K.)

[en] A method and apparatus are described for ion-valve radiography allowing a multiplicity of copies to be made responsive to a single radiographic exposure. Radiation, differentially-absorbed by passage through an object to be studied, enters an exposure chamber having a foraminate film or mesh structure surrounded by a high pressure gas or radio-conductive liquid of a type which converts the impingent radiation into electrostatic charge. The chamber is bounded by a pair of electrodes establishing electric fields therein to cause a charge image of the object to form upon an insulating layer contained upon the mesh structure. After exposure, the charge-image-bearing member is moved to a printing chamber and a charge image is deposited upon an insulative material sheet by ion flow techniques, for subsequent development by xerographic techniques. (Auth.)

[en] An improved ion valve electroradiographic system is described which not only gives increased sensitivity but also allows the production of multicopies of the radiographic image. (U.K.)

No abstract available

No abstract available

[en] Doppler lidar technology is to monitor atmospheric wind velocity by measuring the light scattering signals between a laser and aerosol particles or molecules existing in the atmosphere. When the particles (or molecules) in the atmosphere are moving by wind force, the frequency of backscattering light is shifted by doppler effect, so that the wind velocity profile can be obtained by measurement of the shifted frequencies. When the laser radiation is scanned in four different direction, three dimensional wind profiles are obtained. The Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics under the China Academy of Sciences has developed and operated the doppler lidar system for long time. In this project we want to developed a new technologies adopted to the chinese doppler system and to test the updated In the process of collaboration between China and Korea research teams, we want to learn the state-of-art technology involved in the doppler lidar system

[en] A manifestly gauge-invariant, time-dependent perturbation theory for a non-relativistic, spinless charged particle interacting with a classical, external electromagnetic radiation field is formulated with especial reference to the treatment of the degenerate bound states and the states in the continuum. It is found that the gauge-invariant and the conventional perturbative solutions agree on the net transition rates but disagree on the transition amplitudes and transition probabilities. The treatment of a realistic physical system can be obtained by combining the present treatment with that previously obtained for a non-degenerate system. (author)

[en] The generation rate and the characterization of low and intermediate level radioactive waste were investigated from Kori nuclear power plant for vitrification process. The ash content, organic elements, metal and inorganic elements of ash were analysed for 9 kinds of combustible DAWs and 2 kinds of ion exchange resins. Cellulose content was the 47.4 % which is the largest portion in combustible DAWs. Vinyl content was the 69.1% of ash in waste which means the metal and inorganic compounds in vinyl have large effects on the vitrification of DAW waste. The C/H/O/N/S contents in waste were analysed for predicting the concentration and components of exhaust gas and for calculating the optimum oxygen injection rate in vitrification process. These results help to determine the optimum mixing ratio of waste for glass formulation and to contribute the optimum operation of vitrification

[en] The conventional interpretation of the quantum mechanical probability amplitudes and probabilities is examined in detail with respect to gauge transformations and the Foldy-Wouthuysen (Phys. Rev.; 78:29 (1950)) transformations. It is shown that the conventional interpretation is gauge dependent and, when applied to the relativistic (Dirac) and the non-relativistic quantum mechanics, can not be consistent with itself through the Foldy-Wouthuysen transformations. It is also shown that these two difficulties are not present in a gauge invariant formulation that explicitly incorporates Poynting's theorem and the conservation law of energy into the definition of probability amplitudes. (author)

[en] In the present study, steam generator models of TASS/SMR codes analysing performances and safety of SMART are evaluated and verified and new correlation is developed by doing research about SMART steam generator's first part, second part and a PRHRS condensation heat exchanger for verification and development of analytical ways of SMART's heat transfer performances and safety. PRHRS condensation heat exchanger's experimental apparatus was designed a single tube, which has same mass flux and length with real design. The final result of experiment is condensation heat transfer coefficient. Cooling water's temperature, tube's wall temperature, condensate's temperature inside a tube and temperature, pressure inlet and outlet position of test section in order to acquire the local heat transfer coefficients. Annular test section was designed for shell of PRHRS condensation heat exchanger and the hydraulic diameter of shell was calculated based on heat pipe's pitch in order to consider the interference of tube bundle. The first part of steam generator test's experimental apparatus has same mass flux with real design. Fluid's temperature inside a helical coil, helical coil's outer wall temperature, fluid's temperature inside a shell and etc. are measured in order to calculate the condensation heat transfer coefficient, and local heat transfer coefficients were also calculated. The each component of major steam loops was designed in detail and it can supply and circulate steam. Cooling water loop which condense the steam was also designed in detail