[en] This book deals with introduction, C programing language, numerical analysis differentiation, numerical analysis integration, solution of differential equation, first- order differential equation-radioactive decay, solution of one-dimensional second-order differential equation-attenuation harmonic oscillator and RLC circuit, solution of two-dimensional second-order differential equation- Rutherford experiment of scattering, solution of Schrodinger equation- atomic hydrogen, random number, Monte Carlo integration and Monte Carlo simulation.

[en] We use a new scaling variable ξ_w, and add low Q² modifications to GRV98 leading order parton distribution functions such that they can be used to model electron, muon and neutrino inelastic scattering cross sections (and also photoproduction) at both very low and high energies

[en] Highlights: • TENG with the direct metal-to-metal contact with the ground connection is reported. • The key feature of the TENG is that the bottom plate is composed of three parts. • This TENG could deliver a maximum power of 0.13 W under a low frequency of 3 Hz. • Free-rotating disk-type TENG generated an output power of 6.1 mW at 1000 rpm. • The patch-type TENG effectively generated an output under the bidirectional motion. -- Abstract: As a promising candidate for wearable power sources, it is essential to explore new-type of triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) to further enhance the output power under realistic environments. Here, we report a new-type of sliding-mode TENG with its potential enhanced through direct metal-to-metal contact with a ground connection. When the positively charged Al layer contacts the grounded Al, the electron flow is promoted to the ground by a large potential difference between the two metals. This induces the charge transfer between bottom electrodes, enhancing the electric potential, confirmed by COMSOL simulations. This new-type of TENG generates a maximum power of 0.13 W under a low frequency of 3 Hz on an external load of 1 MΩ, corresponding to energy conversion efficiency of approximately 22.2%. Performance of the working-mode are also systematically investigated in free-rotating disk-type and patch-type TENGs, which offered a lot of convenience and feasibility for energy harvesting from the wearable energy sources.

[en] In this paper we study the use of long distance interpolation methods with the low complexity coarsening algorithm PMIS. AMG performance and scalability is compared for classical as well as long distance interpolation methods on parallel computers. It is shown that the increased interpolation accuracy largely restores the scalability of AMG convergence factors for PMIS-coarsened grids, and in combination with complexity reducing methods, such as interpolation truncation, one obtains a class of parallel AMG methods that enjoy excellent scalability properties on large parallel computers

[en] We report on the extraction of the structure functions F₂ and ΔxF₃=xF₃^ν-xF₃^ν-bar from CCFR ν_μ-Fe and ν-bar_μ-Fe differential cross sections. The extraction is performed in a physics model independent (PMI) way. This first measurement for ΔxF₃, which is useful in testing models of heavy charm production, is higher than current theoretical predictions. The F₂ (PMI) values measured in ν_μ and μ scattering are in good agreement with the predictions of Next to Leading Order PDFs (using massive charm production schemes), thus resolving the long-standing discrepancy between the two sets of data

[en] The CDF Online Silicon Vertex Tracker (SVT) reconstructs 2D tracks by linking hit positions measured by the Silicon Vertex Detector to the Central Outer Chamber tracks found by the eXtremely Fast Tracker (XFT). The system has been completely built and assembled and it is now being commissioned using the first CDF run II data. The precision measurement of the track impact parameter will allow triggering on B hadron decay vertices and thus investigating important areas in the B sector, like CP violation and B_s mixing. In this paper we briefly review the architecture and the tracking algorithms implemented in the SVT and we report on the performance of the system achieved in the early phase of CDF run II

[en] We search for pair production of supersymmetric top quarks (t-tilde₁), followed by R-parity violating decay t-tilde₁→τb with a branching ratio β, using 322 pb^-1 of pp collisions at √(s)=1.96 TeV collected by the upgraded Collider Detector at Fermilab. Two candidate events pass our final selection criteria, consistent with the standard model expectation. We set upper limits on the cross section σ(t-tilde₁t-tilde₁)xβ² as a function of the top-squark mass m(t-tilde₁). Assuming β=1, we set a 95% confidence level limit m(t-tilde₁)>153 GeV/c². The limits are also applicable to the case of a third-generation scalar leptoquark (LQ₃) decaying LQ₃→τb

[en] A direct measurement of the total decay width of the W boson Γ_W is presented using 350 pb^-1 of data from pp collisions at √(s)=1.96 TeV collected with the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. The width is determined by normalizing predicted signal and background distributions to 230 185 W candidates decaying to eν and μν in the transverse-mass region 50< M_T<90 GeV and then fitting the predicted shape to 6055 events in the high-M_T region, 90< M_T<200 GeV. The result is Γ_W=2032±45_stat±57_syst MeV, consistent with the standard model expectation

[en] This article presents the first measurement of the ratio of branching fractions B(Λ_b⁰→Λ_c⁺μ^-ν_μ)/B(Λ_b⁰→Λ_c⁺π^-). Measurements in two control samples using the same technique B(B⁰→D⁺μ^-ν_μ)/B(B⁰→D⁺π^-) and B(B⁰→D*(2010)⁺μ^-ν_μ)/B(B⁰→D*(2010)⁺π^-) are also reported. The analysis uses data from an integrated luminosity of approximately 172 pb^-1 of pp collisions at √(s)=1.96 TeV, collected with the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. The relative branching fractions are measured to be (B(Λ_b⁰→Λ_c⁺μ^-ν_μ)/B(Λ_b⁰→Λ_c⁺π^-))=16.6±3.0(stat)±1.0(syst)(+2.6/-3.4)(PDG)±0.3 (EBR), (B(B⁰→D⁺μ^-ν_μ)/B(B⁰→D⁺π^-))9.9±1.0(stat)±0.6(syst)±0.4(PDG)±0.5(EBR), and (B(B⁰→D*(2010)⁺μ^-ν_μ)/B(B⁰→D*(2010)⁺π^-))=16.5±2.3(stat)± 0.6(syst)±0.5(PDG)±0.8(EBR). The uncertainties are from statistics (stat), internal systematics (syst), world averages of measurements published by the Particle Data Group or subsidiary measurements in this analysis (PDG), and unmeasured branching fractions estimated from theory (EBR), respectively. This article also presents measurements of the branching fractions of four new Λ_b⁰ semileptonic decays: Λ_b⁰→Λ_c(2595)⁺μ^-ν_μ, Λ_b⁰→Λ_c(2625)⁺μ^-ν_μ, Λ_b⁰→Σ_c(2455)⁰π⁺μ^-ν_μ, and Λ_b⁰→Σ_c(2455)⁺⁺π^-μ^-ν_μ, relative to the branching fraction of the Λ_b⁰→Λ_c⁺μ^-ν_μ decay. Finally, the transverse-momentum distribution of Λ_b⁰ baryons produced in pp collisions is measured and found to be significantly different from that of B⁰ mesons, which results in a modification in the production cross-section ratio σ_Λb⁰/σ_B⁰ with respect to the CDF I measurement.

[en] We present a measurement of the mass of the top quark using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.9 fb^-1 of pp collisions collected at √(s)=1.96 TeV with the CDF II detector at Fermilab's Tevatron. This is the first measurement of the top quark mass using top-antitop pair candidate events in the lepton+jets and dilepton decay channels simultaneously. We reconstruct two observables in each channel and use a nonparametric kernel density estimation technique to derive two-dimensional probability density functions from simulated signal and background samples. The observables are the top quark mass and the invariant mass of two jets from the W decay in the lepton+jets channel, and the top quark mass and the scalar sum of transverse energy of the event in the dilepton channel. We perform a simultaneous fit for the top quark mass and the jet energy scale, which is constrained in situ by the hadronic W boson mass. Using 332 lepton+jets candidate events and 144 dilepton candidate events, we measure the top quark mass to be M_top=171.9±1.7(stat+JES)±1.1(other syst) GeV/c²=171.9±2.0 GeV/c².