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No abstract available

No abstract available

No abstract available

[en] The investigation results on thermodynamics and kinetics of organic salt-free reagents reported in literaturelly recent years are reviewed and summarized. The concerned issues and basic requirements of Purex process on these reagents are listed and analysed. Some suggestions on their research work next step are put forward. (author)

[en] Based on the overseas and domestic experiences on nuclear application, it has been started in China mainland to develop nuclear power plants as a subsidiary role in the regions which are lack of electricity and energy resources. Up to now, only 6.7 GWe NPPs with nine units in Operation, 2 GWe NPPs with two units under Pre-Operation testing. Other 7.2 GWe NPPs with eight units, some of them are under Pre-construction based on our own technology and some of them are intended to import from other countries. Among these nineteen units only two HWRs, others are all PWRs. According to the 2006 ∼ 2020 National Nuclear Development Program Suggestion (to be approved by the Government), the nuclear energy utilization will be further developed in the future: The total nuclear power capacity will reach 40 GWe in 2020

[en] The electrolytic reduction of nitric acid on inert platinum cathode at room temperature with potentiostatic method is investigated. The cathodic polarized curve is recorded and the reduction products is determined. The dependence of reduction products on cathodic potential is revealed and the autocatalytical nature of cathodic process of HNO₃ is elucidated through the experiment results. The catalytical role of HNO₂ is elucidated, and the mechanism of direct reduction of moderate concentrated HNO₃ is demonstrated, in terms of the spectra phenomena of NO₂^- and NO₃^- in acidic solutions

[en] The application of concentration by evaporation used nuclear fuel reprocessing plant has been summarized in this article. A conclusion was drawn that concentration by evaporation is a key technology in reprocessing plant which is mainly used in recycling of nitric acid, water and reduction of radioactivity discharge. The main applications are listed as follows. The liquid releasing from extraction units, such as 1AW, 2AW and 2DW, is high concentration of nitric acid during the concentration by evaporation of them so denitration with addition of reductant is necessary to remain the concentration of HNO₃ below 3 mol/L and temperature below 100 ℃ and avoid corrosion of the evaporator. Another liquid of the same high concentration HNO₃ is the mother liquor from plutonium oxalate precipitation process and the destruction of oxalic acid should he an important issue besides the denitration during concentration by evaporation. Some liquids with low HNO₃ concentration, for example, 1CU, 2EU and 2BP, and great variety of solutions generated from the startup, shutdown and abnormal operation also need to be concentrated by evaporation. Based on the analysis, it is found that concentration by evaporation can simplify and optimize the design and operation of reprocessing plant for its effective decontamination, high operation flexibility. (authors)

[en] By using n-octanol (40%)-kerosene as diluent, the extraction behavior of Am(III) and Eu(III) from nitric acid solution is studied with N,N,N',N'-tetrabutyl-3-oxa-pentanediamide (TBOPDA), N,N,N',N'-tetra-isobutyl-3-oxa-pentanediamide (TiBOPDA) and N,N,N'N'-tetrabutyl-3,6 -dioxa-octane-diamide (TBDOODA). The distribution ratios of AM and Eu increase rapidly with HNO₃ concentration in the range of c (HNO₃) < 3.0 mol/L, then increase slowly. The composition of the extraction complexes and the extraction mechanism are examined. The extraction equilibrium is expressed. It is elucidated indirectly that the extraction is neutral complexation by measuring the electro-conductivity of organic phase loaded with metal ion. Am(III) and Eu(III) in organic phase can be stripped by dilute nitric acid or by water

[en] As a significant part of spent fuel reprocessing technique, the accumulated experience and development trends of reprocessing analysis technique play an important role in guiding and improving the analytical capability for the plant operation. In this paper, the main properties and functions of reprocessing analysis technique, especially the current situation and level of analysis technique in China, were elaborated. Meanwhile, combining with the latest development trends of analysis technique, the possible technological innovation, future development and research priorities of reprocessing analysis technique in China were proposed. (authors)