[en] Chiral anomaly induces a new kind of macroscopic quantum behavior in relativistic magnetohydrodynamics, including the chiral magnetic effect. In this talk we present two new quantum effects present in fluids that contain charged chiral fermions: 1) the turbulent inverse cascade driven by the chiral anomaly; 2) quantized chiral magnetic current induced by the reconnections of magnetic flux. We also discuss the implications for the evolution of the quark-gluon plasma produced in heavy ion collisions.

[en] Since the discovery of topological phases and materials, topology, as a mathematical concept, has inspired great interest in modern condensed matter physics. Although many types of topological materials have been predicted and discovered, their simulation in controllable artificial quantum systems will greatly help our understanding and further study of such materials, and various experimental methods have already been developed. In this paper we briefly summarize the progress of quantum simulation in cold atoms and superconducting qubit systems. We describe the characteristics of different quantum systems and the corresponding experimental methods for their simulation. In addition, we also summarize the relationship between the experimental schemes and physical principles of the two systems. (authors)

[en] We calculate the differential cross section of α-α elastic scattering with the full Glauber amplitude of high energy nucleus-nucleus elastic scattering and the rigid projectile approximation. The results are satisfactory

[en] Highlights: • A composite anode with endogenous Fe-Ni alloy nanoparticles has been prepared. • The redox reversibility of the anode has been confirmed by XRD. • The E_a of H_2 oxidation at the anode is much smaller than that at Ni-YSZ anode. • A ScSZ supported cell achieves MPD of 0.71 Wcm"−"2 and R_p of 0.16 Ω cm"2 at 800 °C. • The single cell shows stable output during 105 h testing at 800 °C 0.7 V in wet H_2". - Abstract: A redox reversible composite anode with Fe-Ni alloy nanoparticles in situ growth on SrLaFeO_4-type and LaFeO_3-type oxide substrates has been prepared for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell (IT-SOFC) by reducing perovskite precursor La_0_._4Sr_0_._6Fe_0_._7_5Ni_0_._1Nb_0_._1_5O_3_-_δ (LSFNNb) in wet H_2 at 900 °C for 1 h. The anode has shown an excellent electrochemical catalytic activity for oxidation of hydrogen with much smaller E_a (25.1 ∼ 68.9 kJ mol"−"1) than the value (>160 kJ mol"−"1) at Ni-YSZ anode. A scandium stabilized zirconia (ScSZ) electrolyte supported SOFC with the anode achieves maximum power densities of 0.71, 0.52, 0.35, and 0.21 W cm"−"2 at 800, 750, 700 and 650 °C, respectively in wet H_2 (3% H_2O), and the corresponding R_p of 0.16, 0.21, 0.35, and 0.60 Ω cm"2 under OCV. Moreover, the single cell shows stable power output during ∼105 h operation at 800 °C under 0.7 V in wet H_2 after a initial degradation, indicating that R-LSFNNb is an excellent candidate as anode of IT-SOFC.

[en] The aim was to study the effect of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) down-regulation by small interfering (si)RNA-mediated interference (RNAi) on the biological features of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE-2. The combined plasmids pU-siVEGF and pU-siCONT were transfected into CNE-2 cells with lipofectamine. The transfected cells were placed in fresh medium containing G418. Expression of VEGF mRNA and protein were measured by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot, respectively. The transwell chamber model was employed to test the ability of cell invasion in vitro. The distribution of cell cycle phases was determined by flow cytometry. Cell survival was assessed by clonogenic assays. Both VEGF mRNA and protein expression were significantly decreased in the pU-siVEGF group compared with controls (P<0.05). The cell cycle was arrested in the G₁ phase (P<0.05). A higher apoptotic ratio and lower invasion ability were seen in the pU-siVEGF group. The D₀ (mean lethal dose) and SF₂ values were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Delivery of siRNA targeting VEGF seems efficient in down-regulating VEGF expression and diminishing the growth, proliferation, and invasiveness of CNE-2 cells. It also enhanced the sensitivity of CNE-2 cells to radiation. (author)

[en] Field and laboratory investigations were carried out to study the transport and dispersion law of polluted sediments near wastewater outlet using neutron activation tracer technique. The direction of transport and dispersion of polluted sediments, dispersion amount in different directions, sedimentary region of polluted sediment and evaluation of polluted risk are given. This provided a new test method for the study of environmental science and added a new forecasted content for the evaluation of environmental influence

[en] A valid method is used to extend the omnidirectional electronic gap (OEG) of Gaussian gapped graphene superlattices (GSLs) heterostructure. The heterostructure consists of two superlattices with different width ratios of potentials. Each superlattice comprises a periodic repetition of a unit cell consisting of 21 layers with the potential voltages varying according to a Gaussian function and another layer with a fixed potential voltage. The potential width ratios of constituent Gaussian gapped GSL are established utilizing the lower and upper energy edges of omnidirectional electronic gap depending on the width ratio of potentials. Moreover, it is shown that the width of OEG of the heterostructure is sensitive to lattice constant, which can be applicable to the development of graphene-based electronics.

[en] In this paper, the primary energy source of high current electron beam accelerator based on spiral pulse forming line is investigated. It consists of the constant-current power supply, the high voltage pulse capacitor, the field distortion switch, and the protection system. The primary energy source can discharge to the primary winding of the transformer with high voltage pulses whose amplitude of voltage is 40 kV, current is 80 kA, pulse width is 8μs and repetition frequency is less than 5 Hz. The primary energy source is applied to a high current electron beam accelerator, and is featured by its compactness, stability and reliability. (authors)

[en] Understanding the variations in global land carbon uptake, and their driving mechanisms, is essential if we are to predict future carbon-cycle feedbacks on global environmental changes. Satellite observations of vegetation greenness have shown consistent greening across the globe over the past three decades. Such greening has driven the increasing land carbon sink, especially over the growing season in northern latitudes. On the other hand, interannual variations in land carbon uptake are strongly influenced by El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) climate variations. Marked reductions in land uptake and strong positive anomalies in the atmospheric CO₂ growth rates occur during El Nino events. Here we use the year 2015 as a natural experiment to examine the possible response of land ecosystems to a combination of vegetation greening and an El Nino event. The year 2015 was the greenest year since 2000 according to satellite observations, but a record atmospheric CO₂ growth rate also occurred due to a weaker than usual land carbon sink. Two atmospheric inversions indicate that the year 2015 had a higher than usual northern land carbon uptake in boreal spring and summer, consistent with the positive greening anomaly and strong warming. This strong uptake was, however, followed by a larger source of CO₂ in the autumn. For the year 2015, enhanced autumn carbon release clearly offset the extra uptake associated with greening during the summer. This finding leads us to speculate that a long-term greening trend may foster more uptakes during the growing season, but no large increase in annual carbon sequestration. For the tropics and Southern Hemisphere, a strong transition towards a large carbon source for the last 3 months of 2015 is discovered, concomitant with El Nino development. This transition of terrestrial tropical CO₂ fluxes between two consecutive seasons is the largest ever found in the inversion records. The strong transition to a carbon source in the tropics with the peak of El Nino is consistent with historical observations, but the detailed mechanisms underlying such an extreme transition remain to be elucidated. (authors)

[en] For the need of intense current electron accelerator, a high voltage, long-life gas spark switch was designed. Anti-pollution design is used in the switch, the outer housing of the switch is made of Cu and a metal baffle is used to prevent the top plate from pollution. These measures can prevent arc form approaching the insulated bracket as far as possible and increase the life of the switch. And the electrode structure is optimized with electromagnetic simulation software. The experimental results indicate that the operating voltage is 32-42 kV and charge transfer is about 0.38-0.48 C per pulse at 0.1-0.2 MPa pressure, and the switch works stably and reliably. (authors)