[en] A boehmite whisker powder with the aspect ratio and mean diameter of 10-40 and 2-6 nm was prepared by the sol-gel process using aluminum alkoxide as precursor. The main absorption bands located at 234 (5.31 eV), and 254.5 (4.88 eV) nm are presented in the excitation spectrum of sample. It is observed that all the spectra show two main broad bands emission whose maximum shows a large shift, which depends on the excitation wavelength. It is suggested that the ultraviolet photoluminescence emission in boehmite whisker prepared by the sol-gel process may be associated with anionic vacancies (F and F⁺ centers, or grouping of these two types of defects), and the non-bridging oxygen hole center (NBOHC)=Al-O·

[en] The CCRMN program is developed for the theoretical calculation of all complex reactions of a medium-heavy nucleus with a neutron or a charged particle in the 1- to 100-MeV-energy region. In the CCRMN program, the incoming particles can be neutrons, protons, ⁴He, deuterons, tritons, and ³He; the outgoing particles are also the foregoing six particles (corresponding to channels 1 through 6, respectively). In CCRMN, the authors calculate the reactions in the first, second, third, hor-ellipsis, up to the tenth emitting processes. In the 1- to 100-MeV-energy region, CCRMN can give correct results for optical model quantities and all kinds of reaction cross sections in first, second, third, hor-ellipsis, up to tenth emitting processes. The emitted particles are all the foregoing six particles (channels 1 through 6) in the first, second, and third processes; neutrons, protons, ⁴He, and deuterons (channels 1 through 4) in the fourth and fifth processes; neutrons, protons, and ⁴He (channels 1, 2, and 3) in the sixth and seventh processes; and only neutrons and protons (channels 1 and 2) in the eighth, ninth, and tenth processes. The output data of CCRMN include the following: the total cross section; the elastic scattering cross section and its angular distribution; the total reaction (or nonelastic) cross section; the radiative capture cross section; the (x,x') reaction and the (x,x₁,x₂) reaction cross sections, where x, x', x₁, and x₂ can be neutrons, protons, ⁴He, deuterons, tritons, or ³He; and σ_x,2np, σ_x,3n, σ_x,4n, hor-ellipsis, σ_x,10n

[en] The use of cleaner fuels rather than coal, which is a main fuel source in China, for highly efficient power production is considered as one of the action for emission control. Within this project, the focus is on the use of a natural-gas-fired ''combined cooling, heat and power'' (CCHP) power plant. Such an installation is already in service since the opening of the Disney Shanghai in order to provide full electricity and hot water needs to the resort. And if such a system works efficiently for Disney resort, it can be imagined that in a near future CCHP can be used for residential areas, and thus reducing the operation of coal power plants.

[en] Series representations for the average magnetization anti M are obtained from the known analytic solutions of the Bean model. It is found that at relatively high fields, anti M has the same functional dependence on H as J_c. A power law behavior of anti M is found experimentally for YBCO powder samples, which indicates J_c has a similar power law dependence. (orig.)

[en] Rapid formation of ultra-thin dielectrics by Si surface modification (oxidation/renitridation/reoxidized nitrided oxides) using a low energy (<3.0 keV, dose range 0.75-3.0 C cm^-2) large area e-beam, which is based on cold cathode glow discharge of secondary emission, has been performed. Ultra-thin dielectric films over a range up to 200 A were grown rapidly. Higher oxidation rate (∼ 625 A² s^-1) and renitridation for shorter irradiation time (≤ 120 s) were obtained at lower substrate temperature (∼ 740⁰C) in N₂, O₂-He gas. AES and XPS demonstrated an electron-stimulated process on Si. Identifications of AES and C-V measurement for renitrided/reoxidized nitrided oxide films have shown that during a short processing of the e-beam (60-120 s) in N₂-He gas, nitrogen atoms can be incorporated in SiO₂ bulk besides nitrogen being piled up at SiO₂-Si interface, the shifts of C-V curves for the grown films have been also discussed. This e-beam as an alternative for rapid modification may be used to grow ultra-thin dielectric films on Si surfaces. (author)

[en] Boron-loaded liquid scintillator offers some potential advantages as a detector for electron anti-neutrinos. A research program was carried out with the objective of developing such scintillators. The crucial feature is the pulse shape discrimination properties following the neutron capture by ¹⁰B. Results of the R and D efforts are presented. The feasibility and the technical difficulties of carrying out a full-scale neutrino experiment based on this approach are discussed. (author)

[en] Several technical modifications related to the fabrication and ultra-high vacuum (UHV) treatments of the scanning tunneling microscope (STM) tips have been implemented to improve a reliability of the tip preparation for high-resolution STM. Widely used electrochemical etching drop-off technique has been further refined to enable a reproducible fabrication of the tips with a radius ≤3 nm. For tip cleaning by a controllable UHV annealing, simple and flexible setup has been developed. Proper W tip preparation has been demonstrated via an imaging of the TiO₂ (1 1 0) surface atomic structure

[en] We report on the performance of small gap MSGCs. The maximum gain for small gap MSGCs is about 1000. Small gap MSGCs with anode width of 3 μm at low rate (similar 10 Hz/mm²) have good operational stability. The gas gain varies less than ±1% during a 20 h period. (orig.)

[en] The I-V characteristics of Tl₂Ba₂Ca₂Cu₃O_10-δ bulk samples have been measured in magnetic fields (0.07-1.2 T). It is found that at low fields (0.07-0.15 T), The nonlinear I-V curves show scaling behaviors which are consistent with a three dimensional Vortex-Glass phase transition with a dynamic exponent z=2.7. As the magnetic field increases, I-V curves gradually deviate from the typical Vortex-Glass scaling behavior. When H>0.6 T, a pure power-law in the I-V curves could not be found at any temperature, which indicates that a 3D to 2D crossover occurs. (orig.)

[en] We employ hollow slot electrodes, with p_d values of ∼10 Torr cm and average E/N values of ∼70 Td, to create plasmas in open air. We measure the 13.56 MHz I_rf-V_rf electrical characteristics of the plasma. Stable discharges, with sinusoidal currents, are obtained up to power densities of 14 kW/cm³, and root-mean-square radio-frequency (rf) currents of 1.5 A/cm of slot length, before nonsinusoidal currents and rf glow-to-arc transitions occur. We report the absolute optical emission in the vacuum ultraviolet region located between 110 and 155 nm, with a focus on the 149 nm atomic nitrogen line. For this atomic N line alone, we find an emitter efficiency of 0.0024