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[en] This paper summarized the achievements and developments in mutation breeding and genetic research of soybean. The optimal irradiation dosage was determined for 22 varieties of soybean which have been released and popularized so far. Analyses of mutants, mutant characters and mutation frequency in the generations of M₁, M₂ and M₃ of soybean were carried out and a procedure of mutation breeding was described. Discussion of the effect of different radiant agents, the selection of progeny induced by radiation, the breeding method by combining mutation with hybridization and resistant varieties with good quality ones have been conducted

[en] The experiment showed that the highest protein and fat contents in M₂ and M₃ mutant groups were 2.6% and 2.15% for protein, and 0.59% and 0.49% for fat, respectiyely, up on that of controls. Mutagenic effect of protein is better than that of fat. Mutagenic effects could be observed in 17 kinds of amino acid and 5 kinds of lipid acids, especially in methionine and linolenic acid. The highest methionine content in mutagenic groups was increased by 91% compared with that of control and the content of linolenic decreased by 0.18 to 0.70% with a frequency of 30%. The correlations between 17 kinds of amino acid and protein contents and between 6 kinds of lipid acid and oil contents were evaluated respectively to supply the reference for improving the nutritional quality of summer soybean in breeding and field selection