[en] Nano-magnetic particles (Fe₃O₄) prepared by chemical-co-deposition method were modified by radiation-induced polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPA), MBA and PEG. It has been found that the distribution of the porous magnetic particles was uniform and the equilibrium swelling ratio of porous magnetic hydrogels is larger than that of nonporous magnetic hydrogels. The losing water ratio of the porous magnetic hydrogels is 96 % which is enhanced about 76 % compared with ordinary magnetic hydrogels. And with the addition of PEG, porous magnetic hydrogels shows a LCST (low critical solution temperature) around 37 degree C and has rapid responsibility.(authors)

[en] Highlights: • The isobaric VLE data for EtOAc/DMSO, NPAC/DMSO and EtOAc/NPAC/DMSO were measured. • The NRTL and UNIQUAC and Wilson models were applied to correlate the studied system. • The binary interaction parameters were obtained for the three models. -- Abstract: Isobaric vapor-liquid equilibrium data were measured for three systems, namely, ethyl acetate + dimethyl sulfoxide, propyl acetate + dimethyl sulfoxide and ethyl acetate + propyl acetate + dimethyl sulfoxide at 101.3 kPa in this work. The experimental data were checked by the Van Ness (point-to-point test) and Herington (integral test) methods. The binary systems’ vapor-liquid equilibrium data tested by experiments were fitted well with the NRTL, UNIQUAC and Wilson models. The binary interaction parameters regressed by the three models and experimental data were accepted to predict vapor liquid equilibrium data of a ternary system. The maximum absolute deviations and mean absolute deviations between the experimental and thermodynamic model data were within a reasonable range, indicating that corrected binary interaction parameters can be used to accurately predict vapor-liquid equilibrium data of the ternary system.

[en] Highlights: • The potential extractant was selected based on separation mechanism. • Dividing-wall column and pervaporation were used to reduce energy consumption. • Multi-objective optimization was used to balance between economics and thermodynamics. • The dynamics and control strategy of the process was further explored. • The economics of pervaporation and distillation vary with the water content. Cyclohexane and isopropanol (IPA) are commonly used as solvents for rapeseed oil peeling and low-temperature pressing. Owing to the existence of azeotropes, it is difficult to achieve efficient separation of wastewater by ordinary distillation. The theory of thermodynamics and molecular dynamics was used to explore the separation mechanism and identify optimal extractants. Furthermore, extractive dividing-wall column and pervaporation (PV) technology were used to decrease the energy consumption in the recovery process. Thermodynamic performance and environmental assessments were used to analyze the processes. Taking the total annual cost (TAC) and exergy as the objective, the processes were optimized by multi-objective optimization. The results showed that the TAC and CO₂ emissions of the extractive dividing-wall column process were reduced by 7.46% and 5.89%, compared with the basic process. The TAC and CO₂ emissions of the PV extractive distillation process were reduced by 13.98% and 15.09%. On this basis, the dynamic control performance was further explored by introducing a ±10% feed flow and composition disturbance. In addition, the influence of the composition on the economics of PV and distillation was studied. It was found that the PV-extractive distillation process has significant advantages over the basic process in the separation of azeotropes.