[en] Highlights: • Direct time integration on hyperbolic tangent function. • Efficient and accurate compared to the RK3 THINC method. • Excellent boundedness propriety for large β values and large time steps. • Easy to implement on the current THINC schemes. -- Abstract: This paper describes an improved multi-dimensional Tangent of Hyperbola INterface Capturing (THINC) scheme that uses a direct time integration of the hyperbolic tangent function. The new time-integral THINC scheme is based on the assumption that the interface remains unchanged and moves with the velocity of the cell center during a computational time step. A time-varying hyperbolic tangent function representing the two-phase distribution is then constructed and directly integrated in time. Compared with existing THINC methods that generally use third-order total variation diminishing Runge–Kutta (RK3) schemes to update the volume fraction, the proposed method requires only one reconstruction step, thus reducing the computational cost. Several classical advection tests have been implemented, and the results indicate that the proposed direct time-integral THINC method: 1) achieves computational errors close to those of the RK3 scheme at a computational cost that is close to that of the first-order explicit scheme; and 2) preserves better boundedness of the volume fractions than the original RK3-based THINC methods when using a larger steepness parameter β and higher Courant numbers. The proposed approach is employed with the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations to solve a 2D dambreak problem, and the numerical results agree well with the corresponding experimental data, demonstrating the applicability of the direct time-integral THINC method.

[en] The 11 ''in-phase'' source events from the 1986 muon-rich bursts associated with Hercules X-1 (previously reported by this group) have been studied for indications of further anomalous behavior. The most significant effect observed resulted from an analysis of the showerfront time-structures of these events. This analysis was then applied a priori to the rest of the source day, where an additional ∼9 signal events are expected to remain. The same effect was observed at a chance probability level of ∼0.1%. 1 ref., 7 figs

[en] Ultracold atoms loaded on optical lattices can provide unprecedented experimental systems for the quantum simulations and manipulations of many quantum phases and quantum phase transitions between these phases. However, so far, how to detect these quantum phases and phase transitions effectively remains an outstanding challenge. In this paper, we will develop a systematic and unified theory of using the optical Bragg scattering, atomic Bragg scattering or cavity QED to detect the ground state and the excitation spectrum of many quantum phases of interacting bosons loaded in bipartite and frustrated optical lattices. The physically measurable quantities of the three experiments are the light scattering cross sections, the atom scattered clouds and the cavity leaking photons respectively. We show that the two photon Raman transition processes in the three detection methods not only couple to the density order parameter, but also the valence bond order parameter due to the hopping of the bosons on the lattice. This valence bond order coupling is very sensitive to any superfluid order or any valence bond (VB) order in the quantum phases to be probed. These quantum phases include not only the well-known superfluid and Mott insulating phases, but also other important phases such as various kinds of charge density waves (CDW), valence bond solids (VBS), and CDW-VBS phases with both CDW and VBS orders unique to frustrated lattices, and also various kinds of supersolids. We analyze respectively the experimental conditions of the three detection methods to probe these various quantum phases and their corresponding excitation spectra. We also address the effects of a finite temperature and a harmonic trap. We contrast the three scattering methods with recent in situ measurements inside a harmonic trap and argue that the two kinds of measurements are complementary to each other. The combination of both kinds of detection methods could be used to match the combination of Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), the Angle Resolved Photo Emission spectroscopy (ARPES) and neutron scattering in condensed matter systems, therefore achieve the putative goals of quantum simulations - Highlights: ► Develop a systematic and unified theory of various scattering experiments. ► Discuss the optical Bragg, atomic Bragg and cavity QED detection methods. ► Explore the detections of various quantum phases in various kinds of optical lattices. ► Present the detections of valence bond order and the supersolid order. ► Contrast the scattering methods with the in situ measurement.

[en] We report here the preliminary results of our observations of the sporadic x-ray binary system 4U0115 + 63. The CYGNUS air shower array has been collecting data since April 1986. No significant excess is seen from the direction of this source, nor any correlation with its 24-day orbital period. A 90% confidence-level upper limit on the flux from 4U0115 + 63 is 2.8 x 10^-13 cm^-2 s^-1 above 50 TeV. This flux limit is considerably lower than those reported by other UHE experiments. Search for periodicity at the neutron star frequency is in progress. 12 refs., 3 figs., 1 tab

[en] A preliminary search is made for continuously pulsed, and burst, emission from the Crab pulsar or its nebula at ultra-high energies using the CYGNUS air shower experiment. No evidence is found for pulsed emission over the entire data set of 1,075 days searched. A 90% confidence upper limit for the flux of cosmic rays at the interpulse phase is 6.9x10^-14 cm^-2s^-1 above 50 TeV. A single day (JD=2447644.5,UTC=66700s to JD=2447645.5,UTC=11200s), is found to have a 4.1 σ excess corresponding to a chance probability of 2.2%; no evidence of the pulsar period is found on this day

[en] The 11 ''in-phase'' source events from the 1986 muon-rich bursts associated with Hercules X-1 (previously reported by this group) have been studied for indications of further anomalous behavior. The most significant effect observed resulted from an analysis of the showerfront time-structures of these events. This analysis was then applied a priori to the rest of the source day, where an additional ∼9 signal events are expected to remain. The same effect was observed at a chance probability level of ∼0.1%

[en] Highlights: ► Dose- and time-dependent cellular responses are used to evaluate the cytotoxicity. ► The CI can reflect the cell number, cell viability, morphological change, etc. ► The CSVID can capture the dynamic information after cells exposed to toxins. ► The multi-class classification can distinguish the compounds using multi-doses. ► The majority vote strategy (fingerprint) can improve the classification accuracy. - Abstract: An early determination of toxicant compounds of water contaminations can gain critical time to protect citizens’ health and save substantial amounts of medical costs. To determine toxins in real time, a multi-dose classification algorithm using cellular state variable identification (CSVID) is developed in this paper. First, the dynamic cytotoxicity response profiles of living cells are measured using a real-time cell electronic sensing (RT-CES) system. Changes in cell number expressed as cell index (CI) are recorded on-line as time series. Then CSVID, which reflects the cell killing, cell lysis and certain cellular pathological changes, is extracted from those dynamic cellular responses. Finally, a support vector machine (SVM) algorithm based on CSVID is employed to classify chemical compounds and determine their analogous cellular response pathway. In order to increase the classification accuracy, a majority vote of the class labels is also proposed. Several validation studies demonstrate that CSVID-based classification algorithm has great potential in distinguishing the cytotoxicity response of the cells in the presence of toxins.

[en] We report here the preliminary results of our observations of the sporadic X-binary system 4U0115+63. The CYGNUS air shower array has been collecting data since April 1986. No significant excess is seen from the direction of this source, nor any correlation with its 24-day orbital period. A 90% confidence-level upper limit on the flux from 4U0115+63 is 2.8x10^-13 cm^-2 s^-1 above 50 TeV. This flux limit is considerably lower than those reported by other UHE experiments. Search for periodicity at the neutron star frequency is in progress