[en] Ni-Co-Al₂O₃-MoS₂ composite coatings were prepared on the surface of LY12 aluminum alloys by electrophoresis-electrodeposition with different MoS₂ concentrations. The microstructure, morphologies and composition of Ni-Co-Al₂ O₃-MoS₂ composites were characterized by X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS). The micro-indentation hardness as well as friction and tribological properties of the coatings were tested by micro-hardness tester and friction and wear tester separately. Results revealed that the composite coating fabricated at 1.0 g⋅L^-1 MoS₂ achieved dense structure, and the average thickness of the coating was 39.820 μm. The micro-indentation hardness of the composite coating was decreased from 578 HV to 465 HV with the increase of MoS₂ concentration. Also, the composite coating synthesized at 1.0 g·L^-1 MoS₂ had the lowest friction coefficient and wear rate. (author)

[en] A novel Co–WC composite coating was fabricated on the surface of high-speed steel (HSS) substrate by direct current (DC) electrodeposition. The co-electrodeposition mechanism of Co–WC composite coating was explored. Furthermore, the effects of process parameters on the microstructure and micro-hardness of the coating were studied. The microstructure and composition of Co–WC composite coating were investigated by scanning electron microscopy equipped with an energy dispersive x-ray spectroscope. The adhesion strength of Co–WC composite coating was evaluated by WS-2005 automatic scratch tester. Results revealed that WC particles were homogeneously embedded in the Co matrix with few defects, and the Co–WC composite coating was firmly bonded to the HSS substrate. The optimized parameters are as follows: WC concentration of 35 g l⁻¹, current density of 6.5 Adm⁻², stirring rate of 300 rpm, and pH of 7.5 and temperature of 50 °C. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the Co matrix combined physically with the WC particles. Also, the microindentation hardness of Co–WC composite coating was tested by micro-hardness tester. It was found that the microindentation hardness of Co–WC composite coating reached the maximum value of 542 HV under the optimal process conditions. (paper)

[en] LiMgPO_4:Eu,Sm,B phosphors were synthesized using a solid-state diffusion synthesis method. Their optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) properties for real-time dosimetry were investigated, including thermoluminescence (TL), OSL emission spectrum, OSL dose response, OSL stimulation time and the reproducibility of the OSL signal. The LiMgPO_4:Eu,Sm,B phosphors exhibited high sensitivity to ionizing radiation, excellent signal stability for the tested period (up to 12 cycles) and a broad range of linear dose response (>0.1–540 Gy). The excellent luminescent and dosimetric properties of these LiMgPO_4:Eu,Sm,B phosphors make them promising candidates for real-time dosimeters with increased therapeutic efficacy and minimal toxicity. - Highlights: • A novel OSL material of LiMgPO_4:Eu,Sm,B phosphor is proposed for real-time dosimetry. • LiMgPO_4:Eu,Sm,B(LMP) exhibits good linearity in the dose range of 0.1–540 Gy. • LMP was found to be about 5 times that of LiMgPO_4:Tb,B in 0.1 Gy. • LMP exhibits a main TL peaks around 354 °C

[en] Highlights: • Suggested a universal nonlinear programming model for planning of energy sector. • Optimized the deployment of China coal chemical industry under carbon restriction. • Proposed China coal chemical roadmap to 2050 and beyond under carbon restriction. -- Abstract: The coal chemical industry plays a critical role in the economic growth and energy security of China. In this study, a constrained nonlinear programming is proposed to optimize deployment technologies and processes of the coal chemical industry to reduce CO₂ emissions, and thus obtain the minimum CO₂ emissions per unit output of the coal chemical sector, while satisfying economic growth and energy security. Deployment of new technologies and processes in the coal chemical industry, over short-term (2020), mid-term (2030) and long-term (2050) periods, with the objective to reduce CO₂ emissions, are investigated based on this model. Dynamic sensitivity or uncertainty analysis of impacts of technical factors such as technology upgrading, carbon capture and storage & carbon capture, utilization, and storage and other technologies to deployed coal chemical sectors on CO₂ emissions reduction and economic growth, are performed. Different technologies were simulated, with the output providing three scenarios: 100% (positive), 50% (moderate) and 25% (conservative) of the predicted target reduction in CO₂ emissions. The reduction in CO₂ emissions was analyzed at different time periods, with respect to carbon tax values and crude oil prices. Correspondingly, a development roadmap (2020–2030–2050) of the coal chemical industry, with respect to reducing carbon emissions is drawn.