[en] The mathematical model of the 10 MW high temperature gas-cooled test reactor (HTR-10) is developed, and described with transfer functions. The Fuzzy-PID compound control tactic is adopted to design the control system. The numerical simulation deals with the decrease of the nuclear power from 100% to 30% in 15 minutes. Furthermore, the simulation results are compared with those of independent PID control and independent fuzzy control, respectively. The comparison shows: when the nuclear power changes, with the Fuzzy-PID compound control, the outlet helium temperature follows its rated value. It is proved that the Fuzzy-PID compound control has better dynamic behavior and better steady precision

No abstract available

[en] At the term of 'concurrent processing', two kinds of loosely-couple concurrent structures used in advanced 10 MW high temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTR-10) instrumentation and control (I and C) system were described. The first one is a rough granularity system. It is a kind of token bus LAN which use 'Global Data Base'. The second one is a middle granularity system. It is a kind of multi-processor systems which use shared common-memory. They are both loosely-couple systems. This article introduces their applications in nuclear reactor I and C system and protection system

No abstract available

[en] The Fuzzy-Smith pre-estimate controller to solve the control of the big delay system is developed, accompanied with the development of the mathematical model of the 10 MW high temperature gas cooled test reactor (HTR-10) and the design of its control system. The simulation results show the Fuzzy-Smith pre-estimate controller has the advantages of both fuzzy control and Smith pre-estimate controller; it has better compensation to the delay and better adaptability to the parameter change of the control object. So it is applicable to the design of the control system for the high temperature gas cooled reactor

[en] Background: Many studies have claimed the existence of attention alterations in cirrhotic patients without overt hepatic encephalopathy (HE). No functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study in this respect has been published. Purpose: To investigate the neural basis of cognitive control deficiency in cirrhotic patients using fMRI. Material and Methods: 14 patients with hepatic cirrhosis and 14 healthy volunteers were included in the study. A modified Stroop task with Chinese characters was used as the target stimulus, and block-design fMRI was used to acquire resource data, including four stimulus blocks and five control blocks, each presented alternatively. Image analysis was performed using statistical parametric mapping 99. After fMRI examinations were complete, behavior tests of Stroop interference were performed for all subjects. Overall reaction time and error numbers were recorded. Results: Both healthy volunteers and patients with hepatic cirrhosis had Stroop interference effects. Patients with hepatic cirrhosis had more errors and longer reaction time in performing an incongruous color-naming task than healthy volunteers (P<0.001); there was no significant difference in performing an incongruous word-reading task (P 0.066). Compared with controls, patients with hepatic cirrhosis had greater activation of the bilateral prefrontal cortex and parietal cortex when performing the incongruous word-reading task. With increased conflict, activation of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), bilateral prefrontal cortex (PFC), parietal lobe, and temporal fusiform gyrus (TFG) was decreased when patients with hepatic cirrhosis performed the incongruous color-naming task. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that patients with hepatic cirrhostic have cognitive control deficiency. The abnormal brain network of the ACC-PFC-parietal lobe-TFG is the neural basis of cognitive control impairment in cirrhotic patients

[en] The design features of the emergency power system for 200 MW Low Temperature Nuclear Heating Reactor were briefly introduced, and the reliability of the emergency power system was analyzed using fault tree analysis method. The results showed that the simplified emergency power system for 200 MW Low Temperature Nuclear Reactor has the same reliability index as the design method of the nuclear power plant. It also showed that the proposed design method of the emergency power system for 200 MW Low Temperature Nuclear Heating Reactor was not only reliable and safe but also very economic

[en] Ratio control, a new control method for nuclear steam supply system (NSSS) in high temperature nuclear power plant, is introduced by the control system design for NSSS in 10 MW high temperature gas cooled test reactor (HTR-10). The simulation results show that the ratio control makes the helium temperature of the exit and the entrance to the core change in an allowable range: the temperature of primary steam keeps at the given value and the pressure change at the primary loop is no more than 10% of rated value. The capability for heat transfer and heat removal is uninfluenced. So it is not necessary to control for the primary loop pressure. The design for control system is simplified

[en] Background: Recently, increasing numbers of studies have demonstrated that, in humans, a default-mode functional network exists in the resting state. Abnormal default-mode network in various diseases has been reported; however, no report concerning hepatic cirrhosis has been published to date. Purpose: To prospectively explore whether the resting-state network in patients with hepatic cirrhosis is abnormal or not, using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Material and Methods: 14 patients with hepatic cirrhosis (12 male, two female; 45±9 years) and 14 age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers (12 male, two female; 42±10 years) participated in a blocked-design fMRI study. A modified Stroop task with Chinese characters was used as the target stimulus. Statistical Parametric Mapping 99 software was employed to process the functional data. Individual maps and group data were generated for patients with hepatic cirrhosis and for healthy controls, respectively. Intergroup analysis between patients and healthy controls was also generated using the two-sample t-test model. Cluster analyses were done based on the group data, and an identical P value 0.01 with continuously connected voxels of no less than 10 was defined as significant deactivation. After fMRI scanning was complete, behavioral Stroop interference tests were performed on all subjects; reaction time and error number were recorded. Results: Functionally, deactivation of the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and precuneus was absent when subjects performed the incongruous word-reading task; deactivation of the PCC, precuneus, and ventral medial prefrontal cortex was increased when they performed the incongruous color-naming task. Conclusion: The functional as well as behavioral data suggest that cirrhotic patients may have an abnormal deactivation mode. The absence of deactivation in the PCC and precuneus may be a sensitive rather than specific marker in patients with hepatic cirrhosis

[en] Objective: To explore the effect of matrine on reversal of hepatic fibrosis. Methods: Serum hyaluronic acid ( HA), laminin (LN) and type III procollagen (PC III) levels were measured with RIA in 40 patients with chronic B hepatitis treated with matrine and 40 other patients treated without matrine both before and 3, 6 months after treatment as well as in 32 controls. Results: Before treatment, the serum contents of all the three markers in both groups of patients were significantly higher than those in the controls (P<0.01). In the group treated with additional matrine, levels of these markers dropped significantly at 3 and 6 months (vs before treatment, both P<0.01). However, in the group without matrine, the levels increased slightly though not significantly at 3 months (P>0.05) and increased further at 6 months (vs before treatment, P<0.01). There were no significant differences between the levels of the markers in the two groups of patients at 3 months (P>0.05), but the levels in the matrine group were significantly lower than those in the group without matrine at 6 months (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Matrine exerts marked anti-fibrosis effect in patients with chronic B hepatitis. (authors)