[en] Rare-earth element targets of Gd, Eu and Nd were bombarded by protons with energies between 0.4 and 2.75 MeV. The L-subshell X-ray production cross-sections were measured, and the ionization cross-sections of 2S_1/2, 2P_1/2 and 2P_3/2 subshells were obtained. Experimental ionization cross-sections and their ratios were compared with the prediction of ECPSSR theory

[en] Dosimetric characteristics of the BrachySeed^TM Pd-103, Model Pd-1 source have been determined using both theoretical and experimental methods. Dose rate constant, radial dose function, and anisotropy functions of the source have been obtained following the TG-43 recommendations. Derivation of the dose rate constant was based on recent NIST WAFAC calibration performed in accordance with their 1999 Standard. Measurements were performed in Solid Water^TM using LiF TLD chips. Theoretical simulation calculations were performed in both Solid Water^TM and water phantom materials using MCNP4C2 Monte Carlo code using DLC-200 interaction data. The results of the Monte Carlo simulation indicated a dose rate constant of 0.65 cGy h^-1 U^-1 and 0.61 cGy h^-1 U^-1 in water and Solid Water^TM, respectively. The measured dose rate constant in Solid Water^TM was found to be 0.63±7% cGy h^-1 U^-1, which is within the experimental uncertainty of the Monte-Carlo simulated results. The anisotropy functions of the source were calculated in both water and in Solid Water^TM at the radial distances of 1 to 7 cm. Measurements were made in Solid Water^TM at distances of 2, 3, 5, and 7 cm. The Monte-Carlo calculated anisotropy constant of the new source was found to be 0.98 in water. The tabulated data and 5th order polynomial fit coefficients for the radial dose function along with the dose rate constant and anisotropy functions are provided to support clinical use of this source

[en] L-subshell ionization cross sections of Th and U are determined for proton bombardment of energies 0.8-3.4 MeV. Thin Th and U targets are used. The L-shell X-rays and backscattering protons are measured. L-subshell ionization cross sections under proton impact are obtained and compared with the ECPSSR theory

[en] The influences of irradiation condition, annealing temperature and gate bias on CC4007 NMOS FETs, with and without F⁺ implanted, have been compared. It is found that the radiation-induced shift of threshold voltage can be restrained by implanting minute amount of fluorine ions. And, reliability of the F⁺ implanted devices was verified by smooth changes of both interface state charge and oxide state charge during the annealing. (authors)

[en] The thin target M-shell X-ray production cross sections have been measured for Ta, Au and Bi with impact over the energy from 0.6 to 2.75 MeV. The measured cross sections are compared with the plane wave Born approximation (PWBA) theory

[en] ¹²⁵I brachytherapy sources are being used for interstitial implants in tumor sites such as the prostate. Recently, the ADVANTAGE^TM125I, Model IAI-125, source became commercially available for interstitial brachytherapy treatment. Dosimetric characteristics (dose rate constant, radial dose function, and anisotropy function) of this source were experimentally and theoretically determined, following the AAPM Task Group 43 recommendations. Derivation of the dose rate constant was based on recent NIST WAFAC calibration performed in accordance with their 1999 standard. Measurements were performed in Solid Water^TM phantom using LiF thermoluminescent dosimeters. The theoretical calculations were performed in both Solid Water^TM and water using the PTRAN Monte Carlo code. The results indicated that a dose rate constant of the new source in water was 0.98±0.03 cGy h^-1 U^-1. The radial dose function of the new source was measured in Solid Water^TM and calculated both in water and Solid Water^TM at distances up to 10.0 cm. The anisotropy function, F(r,θ), of the new source was measured and calculated in Solid Water^TM at distances of 2 cm, 3 cm, 5 cm, and 7 cm and also was calculated in water at distances ranging from 1 cm to 7 cm from the source. From the anisotropy function, the anisotropy factors and anisotropy constant were derived. The anisotropy constant of the ADVANTAGE^TM125I source in water was found to be 0.97±0.03. The dosimetric characteristics of this new source compared favorably with those from the Amersham Health Model 6711 source. Complete dosimetric parameters of the new source are presented in this paper

[en] A recently developed alternative brachytherapy seed, Cs-1 Rev2 cesium-131, has begun to be used in clinical practice. The dosimetric characteristics of this source in various media, particularly in human tissues, have not been fully evaluated. The aim of this study was to calculate the dosimetric parameters for the Cs-1 Rev2 cesium-131 seed following the recommendations of the AAPM TG-43U1 report [Rivard et al., Med. Phys. 31, 633-674 (2004)] for new sources in brachytherapy applications. Dose rate constants, radial dose functions, and anisotropy functions of the source in water, Virtual Water, and relevant human soft tissues were calculated using MCNP5 Monte Carlo simulations following the TG-43U1 formalism. The results yielded dose rate constants of 1.048, 1.024, 1.041, and 1.044 cGy h^-1 U^-1 in water, Virtual Water, muscle, and prostate tissue, respectively. The conversion factor for this new source between water and Virtual Water was 1.02, between muscle and water was 1.006, and between prostate and water was 1.004. The authors' calculation of anisotropy functions in a Virtual Water phantom agreed closely with Murphy's measurements [Murphy et al., Med. Phys. 31, 1529-1538 (2004)]. Our calculations of the radial dose function in water and Virtual Water have good agreement with those in previous experimental and Monte Carlo studies. The TG-43U1 parameters for clinical applications in water, muscle, and prostate tissue are presented in this work

[en] The acid dissociation constants of 3, 6-bis (methyleneiminodiactic acid) catechol (CBMIDA), the stability constants of its Mg(II), Ca(II), Sr(II), Ba(II), Mn(II), Cd(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Zn(II), Cu(II), Fe(III), Th(IV) and U(VI) complexes and the protonation constants of the metal complexes were determined pH-metrically in aqueous solutions at 25.0 ± 0.1 deg C in the presence of 0.1 mol · dm^-3 potassium nitrate. The mechanism of the stepwise acid dissociation equilibria of CBMIDA was presented and the coordination forms of the metal complexes were discussed

[en] The annealing-effect of bipolar junction transistor in different temperature is investigated. It is found that the anneal of the bipolar transistor is related to the annealing-temperature, and the annealing-effect of the different type transistor is dissimilar. The possible mechanism is discussed. (authors)

[en] The K X-ray relative transition probabilities Kβ/Kα of some elements for atomic numbers 23 ≤ Z ≤ 33 induced by 3 MeV protons were measured. The experimental results are compared with the relativistic Hartree-Fock (RHF) calculations. Good agreements have been obtained considering the experimental error. (author)