[en] Wall deposition tests have been conducted on a new spray-drying system. Solutions of salt and skim milk powder have been dried with different inlet temperatures (170 °C and 230 °C) and solid contents (8.8 wt% and 30 wt%). The experiment showed that increasing the temperature caused an decrease in the amount of deposition for salt solution, but an increase for skim milk. The experiments also showed that a higher solid content caused an increase in deposition. The trends agreed with the studies using a conventional spray dryer, but the amount of deposition appeared to be lower in the new spray dryer at the same operating conditions. (Author)

[en] We report on the first measurement of single muon from charm semileptonic decays at low transverse momentum (p_T) in √(s_NN)=200 GeV Au+Au collisions. Muon identification was obtained using the STAR time projection chamber in conjunction with a time-of-flight detector. The p_T spectra of electron and muon from charm semileptonic decays are presented. The measured D→μ+X at p_T<0.25 GeV/c greatly constrains the charm total cross section. The charm differential cross section dσ_cc/dy is found to be consistent with the number of binary collision scaling. (orig.)

[en] High-energy heavy-ion collisions produce abundant hyperons and nucleons. A dynamical coalescence model coupled with the ART model is employed to study the production probabilities of light clusters, deuteron (d), triton (t), helion (³He), and hypertriton (_Λ³H) at subthreshold energy of Aproduction (∼ 1 GeV per nucleon). We study the dependence on the reaction system size of the coalescence penalty factor per additional nucleon and entropy per nucleon. The Strangeness Population Factor (S₃ = ³_ΛH/(³He x Λ/p)) shows an extra suppression of hypertriton comparing to light clusters of the same mass number. This model predicts a hypertriton production cross-section of a few μb in ³⁶Ar+³⁶Ar, ⁴⁰Ca+⁴⁰Ca and ⁵⁶Ni+⁵⁶Ni in 1 A GeV reactions. The production rate is as high as a few hypertritons per million collisions, which shows that the fixed-target heavy-ion collisions at CSR (Lanzhou/China) at Λ subthreshold energy are suitable for breaking new ground in hypernuclear physics.

[en] Hanbury Brown-Twiss (HBT) results of the nucleon-nucleon correlation function have been presented for the nuclear reactions with neutron-rich projectiles (Be isotopes) using an event-generator, the Isospin-Dependent Quantum Molecular Dynamics model. We explore that the relationship between the binding energy per nucleon of the projectiles and the strength of the neutron-proton HBT at small relative momentum. Moreover, we reveal the relationship between the single neutron separation energy and the strength of the halo neutron-proton HBT. Results show that neutron-proton HBT results are sensitive to binding energy or separation energy

[en] One of the proton halo candidates ²³Al and its isotopes are systematically investigated in the nonlinear Relativistic Mean-Field and Skyrme Hartree-Fock approaches. It is shown that there exists the energy inversion of (((5)/(2)))⁺(202) and (((1)/(2)))⁺(211) orbitals in ²³Al nucleus and which may produce the large enhancement of reaction cross section comparing with its neighboring nuclei. Meanwhile, it is obvious to see that the isospin effect of the pairing correlation plays a great role to the separation energy when the Al isotopes approach to the proton drip line. In addition, the ground state and excited state of ⁹B, ¹³N are also investigated in the RMF model. There may exist the halo structure in ¹³N when the last proton of ¹³N occupies in the first excited state

[en] The incident energy and isospin dependencies of total reaction cross sections σ_R have been researched by using the Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck (BUU) model. When the width parameter of square-type or HO-type density distribution is obtained by fitting the σ_R at relativistic energies, the calculated result with BUU-model can reproduce the experimental data at intermediate energies better than that with Glauber-model of optical limit approximation. The systematical underestimation of σ_R at intermediate energy was removed out by BUU calculation framework. It is found that σ_R is sensitive to nuclear equation of state (EOS). It is also found that the difference factor (d) defined in text is sensitive to the nuclear structure such as neutron halo and neutron skin, etc

[en] The elastic scattering of pions on carbon and oxygen for Tsub(π) = 50-80 MeV is calculated in the Glauber theory using a non-interacting α-particle model wave function for nuclei. The results are in agreement with experimental data. (orig.)

[en] This paper presents a workflow to increase the level of detail of reality-based 3D urban models. It combines the established workflows from photogrammetry and procedural modeling in order to exploit distinct advantages of both approaches. The combination has advantages over purely automatic acquisition in terms of visual quality, accuracy and model semantics. Compared to manual modeling, procedural techniques can be much more time effective while maintaining the qualitative properties of the modeled environment. In addition, our method includes processes for procedurally adding additional features such as road and rail networks. The resulting models meet the increasing needs in urban environments for planning, inventory, and analysis

[en] Capacitance spectroscopy under illumination and at a forward bias close to the open-circuit voltage (V_oc) has recently been proposed to characterize interface states in a-Si : H/c-Si heterojunctions, and the interface defect density, D_it, is estimated from the simulations of capacitance. In this paper, the theoretical diffusion capacitance, C_D, is presented for measurement to directly characterize the interface states. By solving the excess minority carrier density in c-Si when interface states are introduced, the expression of C_D is developed as a function of D_it, the excess minority carrier density out of c-Si depletion and diffusion regions, Δn, and the carrier diffusion lengths in c-Si. C_D decreases with increasing D_it since the interface states act as recombination centres to decrease the excess carrier density in c-Si. The measurement is sensitive to D_it down to 10¹⁰ cm^-2 eV^-1. Accordingly, in the measurement of Δn and the carrier diffusion lengths in c-Si, the interface states can be characterized directly and accurately by the theoretical diffusion capacitance.

[en] In situ real-time x-ray diffraction was used to study phase segregation and coarsening of Au-Pt nanoparticles supported on silica powder, and porous alumina membranes. Contrary to the expectations from the bulk phase diagram, silica supported Au-Pt nanoparticles have an alloyed structure that is preserved even after extensive annealing at temperatures as high at 700 deg. C. In stark contrast, alumina supported Au-Pt nanoparticles exhibit a rich phase behaviour that is sensitive to alloy composition and the details of the synthesis process. In particular, low-density as-prepared Au₄₁Pt₅₉ nanoparticles exhibit the signature of incipient phase segregation that develops into full phase separation during annealing at high temperature.