[en] To measure changes of bone and muscle composition in female rhesus macaques, and to analyse the relationship among bone and muscle composition, serum calcium and related hormones. 15 female rhesus monkeys were divided into three groups according to age and physiological stages. General situations were assessed by SPECT/CT, the bone mineral density (BMD), muscle fiber content and bone mineral content were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, glucose metabolism and CT value in bone were measured using PET/CT, the serum testosterone (T), estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were detected by chemiluminescence method, blood calcium level was tested by automatic biochemical analyzer. The differences of indicators among 3 groups were compared and their correlations were further analyzed. Perimenopausal rhesus monkeys had more bone and joint inflammation and degenerative changes than other groups. The BMD and muscle fiber content of the skull, whole body and the iliac bone were higher in perimenopausal than that of prepubescent period (P < 0.01), the BMD of lumbar spine and femoral head were higher in perimenopausal than that of prepubescent period (P < 0.05), and the bone mineral salt content was higher in perimenopausal than that of reproductive period (P < 0.05) and prepubescent period (P < 0.01). The CTmean value of skull was higher in perimenopausal than that of prepubertal period (P < 0.05), and the SUV_max value of lumbar spine was higher in perimenopausal than that of prepubertal period (P < 0.05). Perimenopausal serum T level was lower than the other two groups (P < 0.05), FSH level was higher in perimenopausal than the other two groups (P < 0.05), E2 level was significantly lower in perimenopausal than that of reproductive period (P < 0.01). The whole body BMD of female rhesus macaques was positively correlated with muscle fiber content (P < 0.01), BMD of skull, left upper limb and lumbar vertebra were positively correlated with CTmean (P <0.01), and the whole body BMD was negatively correlated with T (P <0.05). Conclusions: The BMD of the female rhesus monkey in perimenopausal period is higher than that in prepubescent period, especially in skull, lumbar vertebra, femoral head and iliac crest. CT and dual-energy X-ray bone density analyzer show good consistency in the determination of BMD in the skull, left upper limb and lumbar spine. T, E2 and FSH levels may affect the changes of BMD. (author)

[en] A one-way coupled spatiotemporally chaotic map lattice is used to construct cryptosystem. With the combinatorial applications of both chaotic computations and conventional algebraic operations, our system has optimal cryptographic properties much better than the separative applications of known chaotic and conventional methods. We have realized experiments to practice duplex voice secure communications in realistic Wired Public Switched Telephone Network by applying our chaotic system and the system of Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), respectively, for cryptography. Our system can work stably against strong channel noise when AES fails to work