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AbstractAbstract
[en] Twenty-seven patients were diagnosed as having dilated cardiomyopathies, based on increases in the cardiothoracic index > 0.50, in the diastolic and systolic diameters of the left ventricle, and in the telediastolic volume of the left ventricle, which was indexed by body surface determined by contrast ventriculography. They underwent gallium 67 scintigraphic examination of the myocardium, in order to non-invasively detect the presence of an inflammatory infiltrate. Fifteen of them also had endomyocardial biopsies and all had virology check-up. The results were disappointing. Only in one case was the scintigraphic image undeniably positive; in 20 other patients the findings were dubious or negative. This technique did not demonstrate the presence of an inflammatory infiltrate and thus an association between myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy, could not be established
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Vingt-sept patients atteints d'une cardiomyopathie dilatee, diagnostic fonde sur l'augmentation de l'index cardiothoracique superieur a 0,50, l'augmentation des diametres diastolique et systolique du ventricule gauche et l'augmentation du volume telediastolique ventriculaire gauche indexe sur la surface corporelle obtenu par ventriculographie de contraste, ont fait l'objet d'une scintigraphie myocardique au gallium 67, afin de rechercher la presence d'infiltrat inflammatoire par une methode non invasive. Quinze d'entre eux ont eu egalement une biopsie endomyocardique; un bilan viral a ete fait chez tous les malades. Les resultats ont ete decevant. Dans 1 seul cas, la scintigraphie a ete indiscutablement positive; chez 20 autres patients, le resultat a ete douteux ou negatif. Cette technique a paru peu contributive a la mise en evidence d'infiltrat inflammatoire permettant d'etablir une filiation entre myocardite et cardiomyopathie dilateeOriginal Title
Exploration des myocardiopathies dilatees par la scintigraphie myocardique au gallium 67
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BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, BODY, CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM, COUNTING TECHNIQUES, DAYS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES, DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES, DISEASES, ELECTRON CAPTURE RADIOISOTOPES, GALLIUM ISOTOPES, HEART, INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI, ISOTOPES, MUSCLES, NUCLEI, ODD-EVEN NUCLEI, ORGANS, PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES, RADIOISOTOPE SCANNING, RADIOISOTOPES
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AbstractAbstract
[en] Heavy particles have been used in transcutaneous radiotherapy for almost 50 years. If these particles and pi mesons remain the domain of highly specialized centers, neutrontherapy and, to a lesser degree, proton-therapy can be considered common clinical protocols; their limits, complications, efficacities and costs are sufficiently well known to encourage several centers to acquire the necessary equipment. Their practical advantages involve a limited number of patients however, for the patients implicated, the prognoses are appreciably improved by the application of these therapies. Hyperthermia-associated radiotherapy is limited by the poor technical capabilities of the currently available hyperthermia machines. If biological experimentation was highly promising, clinical results to data have been unfulfilling. Nonetheless, hyperthermia-associated interstitial radiotherapy represents an interesting clinical possibility. Radiosensitizers are being extensively developed. The results of randomized therapeutic trials are still contradictory and the toxicity of these product renders their use difficult. New products are being tested; their lower toxicity and potent radiosensitization capacity are encouraging for the future use of this class of compounds
[fr]
L'utilisation des particules lourdes en radiotherapie transcutanee date de pres de 50 ans. En 1989, on peut penser que si les particules et les mesons pi restent encore du domaine de centres tres specialises, la neutrontherapie et, a un moindre degre, la protontherapie peuvent s'integrer dans le cadre de protocoles cliniques usuels; leurs limites, leurs complications, leur efficacite et leur cout sont suffisamment connus pour que quelques centres puissent s'equiper de machines. L'avantage pratique ne concerne qu'un nombre limite de malades; pour ceux-ci cependant le pronostic peut etre considerablement modifie par leur utilisation. L'hyperthermie associee a la radiotherapie est limitee par les mediocres possibiites techniques des machines d'hyperthermie actuelles. Si l'experimentation biologique etait prometteuse, les resultats cliniques sont encore insuffisants. L'hyperthermie associee a la curietherapie interstitielle represente cependant une possibilite clinique interessante. Les radiosensibilisateurs sont a un stade de developpement important. Les resultats des essais therapeutiques randomises sont encore contradictoires, et la toxicite de ces produits en rend l'utilisation encore difficile. Des produits nouveaux sont actuellement experimentes, leur moindre toxicite et leur important pouvoir de radiosensibilisation permet d'envisager avec optimisme l'avenir de cette classe de produitsOriginal Title
Le point sur les recherches et resultats des techniques de radiotherapie non usuelles (particules lourdes, hyperthermie, radiosensibilisateurs)
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BARYONS, BEAMS, BODY TEMPERATURE, CHARGED PARTICLES, DISTRIBUTION, DOCUMENT TYPES, DRUGS, ELEMENTARY PARTICLES, ENERGY TRANSFER, FERMIONS, HADRONS, HELIUM IONS, IONIZING RADIATIONS, IONS, MEDICINE, MESON BEAMS, NEUTRONS, NUCLEON BEAMS, NUCLEONS, PARTICLE BEAMS, RADIATION DOSE DISTRIBUTIONS, RADIATIONS, RESPONSE MODIFYING FACTORS, SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION, SPATIAL DOSE DISTRIBUTIONS, THERAPY
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[en] Stereoradiotherapy is the stereotaxy guided high-dose irradiation of small (less than 3 cm) intracerebral lesions. Its aim is to induce necrosis or sclerosis inside the target volume. Several techniques permit to obtain a steep dose gradient between the lesion and the adjacent healthy cerebral parenchyma. They use minibeams (diameter less than 3 cm) of different types of radiations: protons (Kjellberg from Harvard, since 1962); gamma rays of cobalt 60 (Leksell from Stockholm, since 1968); and X-rays from a linear accelerator (Betti from Buenos-Aires, since 1982). The most commonly treated lesions are arterio-venous malformations, hypophyseal adenomas and low grade parenchymatous tumors. The stereotaxic technique is the only means by which to insure that these high dose irradiations, administered in a single session, are actually delivered to the small lesions situated in the cerebral parenchyma
[fr]
La stereoradiotherapie est l'irradiation, en conditions stereotaxiques, a dose elevee, de petites lesions intracerebrales dont le diametre est inferieur a 3 cm. L'effet recherche est la necrose ou la sclerose du volume cible. Plusieurs techniques permettent de realiser un gradient de dose tres important entre la lesion et le parenchyme sain adjacent. On utilise des minifaisceaux (diametre inferieur a 3 cm) de differents types de radiations: les protons (Kjellberg, a Harvard, depuis 1962), des minifaisceaux de rayons gamma de Cobalt (Leksell, a Stockholm, depuis 1968) et des minifaisceaux de rayons X d'un accelerateur lineaire (Betti, a Buenos-Aires, a partir de 1982). Les lesions les plus frequemment traitees sont les malformations arterio-veineuses, les adenomes hypophysaires, les tumeurs parenchymateuses peu evolutives. La methodologie stereotaxique est le seul moyen d'asurer que ces irradiations a haute dose, en une seance unique, soient effectivement delivrees dans ces petites lesions situees au sein du parenchyme cerebralOriginal Title
Stereoradiotherapie des petites lesions encephaliques
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[en] Technetium and thallium double-labeling scintigraphy with image subtraction was carried out on 63 patients suspected of having primary hyperparathyroidism, with or without thyroid involvement. Forty-four patients had a normal thyroid image with technetium. The positive foci located by double-labeling in patients who were to undergo surgery always coincided with parathyroid adenoma. In the 16 cases where the initial diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism was not substantiated, the double-labeling test was normal. Thus for these 44 patients, scintigraphy sensitivity was 75% and specificity was 100%. Nineteen patients had an abnormal thyroid image with technetium. In 7 cases, image subtraction following double-labeling yielded uninterpretable data. In 12 other patients, the positive foci located outside the thyroid by double-labeling coincided with a parathyroid adenoma, whereas this was true for only one patient whose positive foci were located inside the thyroid; a parathyroid adenoma was not detected preoperatively in 4 patients. This double-labeling test is thus useful in locating parathyroid adenomas when technetium scintigraphy of the thyroid is normal; when it is abnormal, double-labeling is advantageous only in cases of extrathyroid foci
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Une scintigraphie en double marquage par technetium et thallium avec soustraction d'images a ete realisee chez 63 patients suspects d'hyperparathyroidisme primaire, porteurs ou non d'anomalies thyroidiennes associees. Quarante-quatre patients avaient une image thyroidienne au technetium normale. Les foyers positifs decouverts chez les patients qui seront operes coincidaient toujours avec un adenome parathyroidien. Dans les 16 cas ou le diagnostic d'hyperparathyroidisme primaire n'a pas finalement ete retenu, l'examen etait normal. Ainsi, pour ces 44 patients la sensibilite etait de 75 p. 100. et la specificite de 100 p. 100. Dix neuf patients avaient une image thyroidienne au technetium anormale. Dans 7 cas, les soustractions ont conduit a des images ininterpretables. Chez les 12 autres patients, les foyers positifs se projetant en dehors de l'aire thyroidienne coincidaient avec un adenome parathyroidien, alors que tel etait le cas pour un seul des foyers se projetant dans l'aire thyroidienne et qu'un adenome parathyroidien n'avait pas ete repere en preoperatoire dans 4 cas. Cet examen realise donc un apport notable dans la localisation des adenomes parathyroidiens lorsque la scintigraphie thyroidienne au technetium est normale, mais seulement si le foyer est extrathyroidien dans le cas contraireOriginal Title
Localisation preoperatoire des adenomes parathyroidiens par la scintigraphie en double marquage, technetium et thallium. Difficultes liees aux lesions thyroidiennes associees
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BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, BODY, COUNTING TECHNIQUES, DAYS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES, DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES, DISEASES, ELECTRON CAPTURE RADIOISOTOPES, ENDOCRINE DISEASES, ENDOCRINE GLANDS, GLANDS, HEAVY NUCLEI, HOURS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES, INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI, ISOMERIC TRANSITION ISOTOPES, ISOTOPE APPLICATIONS, ISOTOPES, NEOPLASMS, NUCLEI, ODD-EVEN NUCLEI, ORGANS, RADIOISOTOPE SCANNING, RADIOISOTOPES, TECHNETIUM ISOTOPES, THALLIUM ISOTOPES, TRACER TECHNIQUES, YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
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[en] Regional cerebral glucose metabolic rates were studied during three sessions of positron emission tomography in an obsessive-compulsive patient. Changes in whole cortex metabolism, apparently related to the clinical relapses, were found. These preliminary findings are discussed in the light of the available literature
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La mesure de la consommation cerebrale regionale du glucose a ete etudiee, en tomographie par emission de positons, a trois reprises, chez une patiente souffrant de nevrose obsessionnelle. Des modifications de l'ensemble du metabolisme cortical apparemment en rapport avec les rechutes cliniques, ont ete observees. Ces donnees preliminaires sont discutees au vue de la litterature sur le sujetOriginal Title
Nevrose obsessionnelle exploree par camera a positons. A propos d'un cas
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[en] Published in summary form only
Original Title
Cancers radio-induits apres traitement des seminomes. A propos d'un cas de lymphome non hodgkinien apparu, 18 ans apres cobaltotherapie
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[en] The loco-regional investigation of carcinoma of the prostate usually comprises ilio-obturator lymphadenectomy. This procedure carries a significant morbidity. Immunolymphoscintigraphy may provide a non-invasive alternative to this operation. Monoclonal (MAB) 227 A anti-prostatic acid phosphatase antibodies have been produced and selected for their affinity and specificity. This MAB was fragmented to its F (ab')2 form and marked with Iodine 123. Fifteen patients with prostate cancer were given 100 to 400 μg of the MAB by periprostatic perineal injection. The region was scanned 1 hr, 3 hrs, 6 hrs and 24 hrs after the injection. The results of the immunolymphoscintigraphy were compared with the histology of the ganglia removed at surgery or needle biopsy guided by CT scanning. In 13 cases the results were concordant for the two techniques (10 negatives and 3 positives). Two patients showed extra-prostatic fixation whislt the histology remained negative. Immunolymphoscintigraphy may therefore provide a simple method of detecting local metastases of carcinoma of the prostate if these initial results are confirmed
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Le bilan loco-regional du cancer de la prostate comporte habituellement une lymphadenectomie ilio-obturatrice. Cette intervention n'est pas denuee de morbidite. L'immunolymphoscintigraphie pourrait etre une alternative non invasive a cette intervention. L'anticorps monoclonal (Mab) 227A anti- phosphatase acide prostatique a ete produit et selectionne pour les qualites de production du clone pour son affinite et sa specificite. Ce Mab a ete fragmente sous forme F (ab') 2 et marque a l'iode 123 (123-I). Quinze patients porteurs de cancer de prostate ont recu 100 a 400 μg du Mab par injection perineale en peri-prostatique. Les acquisitions d'images sont pratiquees 1h, 3h, 6h et 24 h apres l'injection. Les resultats de l'immunolymphoscintigraphie sont confrontes a ceux de l'etude histologique des ganglions preleves lors d'un curage ganglionnaire ou d'une ponction sous scanner. Dans 13 cas, les resultats sont concordants par les 2 techniques (10 negatifs et 3 positifs). Deux patients ont montre une fixation extra-prostatique alors que l'etude histologique restait negative. En conclusion, l'immunolymphoscintigraphie pourrait etre une technique simple du bilan d'extension du cancer de la prostate si ces premiers resultats sont confirmesOriginal Title
Premiers resultats chez l'homme de l'immunolymphoscintigraphie dans le cancer de prostate
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ANTIBODIES, BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, BODY, COUNTING TECHNIQUES, DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES, DISEASES, DRUGS, ELECTRON CAPTURE RADIOISOTOPES, GLANDS, HOURS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES, INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI, IODINE ISOTOPES, ISOTOPE APPLICATIONS, ISOTOPES, LABELLED COMPOUNDS, LYMPHATIC SYSTEM, MALE GENITALS, MATERIALS, NEOPLASMS, NUCLEI, ODD-EVEN NUCLEI, ORGANS, RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS, RADIOISOTOPE SCANNING, RADIOISOTOPES, TRACER TECHNIQUES
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[en] Scintigraphy using 131I-labeled meta-iodobenzylguanidine was performed in 89 patients. A diagnosis of pheochromocytoma was indicated by urinalysis in 28 cases and confirmed histologically in the 27 patients who underwent surgery. The tumor was located using scintigraphy and computed tomography. Fourteen isolated and 6 malignant metastatic pheochromocytomas were found as well as 8 pheochromocytomas associated with genetic disease. Scintigraphy located the tumors in 22 out of 28 cases; however, 3 adrenal pheochromocytomas and 3 malignant pheochromocytomas were not detected. Radioisotope perfusion scanning was more sensitive than computed tomography for the detection of bilateral adrenal pheochromocytoma. In the only case of a multifocal tumor, a combination of scintigraphy and computed tomography located all pheochromocytomas which were later resected. The high number of patients without elevated urine catecholamines and in whom scintigraphy did not alter the diagnosis shows that his technique should be applied only after demonstration of catecholamine hypersecretion
[fr]
On rapporte les resultats de la scintigraphie par la meta-iodobenzylguanidine marquee par l'iode 131 realisee chez 89 patients. Le diagnostic de pheochromocytome etait porte sur les explorations biologiques dans 28 cas et confirme par l'histologie dans les 27 cas operes; la localisation tumorale etait recherchee par la scintigraphie et la tomodensitometrie. Il s'agissait de 14 pheochromocytomes sporadiques, 6 pheochromocytomes malins metastatiques et 8 pheochromocytomes associes a une maladie genetique. La scintigraphie permettait de localiser la ou les tumeurs dans 22 cas sur 28; 3 pheochromocytomes surrenaliens et 3 pheochromocytomes malins n'etaient pas visibles. Dans les neoplasies endocriniennes multiples, la scintigraphie etait plus sensible que la tomodensitometrie pour visualiser les pheochromocytomes surrenaliens bilateraux. Dans un cas de tumeur plurifocale, l'association de la scintigraphie a la tomodensitometrie permettait de localiser tous les pheochromocytomes ulterieurement reseques. Le nombre eleve de patients ne presentant pas de critere biologique de pheochromocytome et pour lesquels la scintigraphie n'a pas redresse le diagnostic montre que la scintigraphie ne doit intervenir qu'apres la demonstration biologique d'une hypersecretion de catecholaminesOriginal Title
Localisation des pheochromocytomes par la scintigraphie a la 131I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine
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ANIMALS, BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, BODY, CARBONIC ACID DERIVATIVES, COUNTING TECHNIQUES, DAYS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES, DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES, DISEASES, DRUGS, ENDOCRINE GLANDS, GLANDS, INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI, IODINE ISOTOPES, ISOTOPES, LABELLED COMPOUNDS, MAMMALS, MAN, MATERIALS, NUCLEI, ODD-EVEN NUCLEI, ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS, ORGANS, PRIMATES, RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS, RADIOISOTOPE SCANNING, RADIOISOTOPES, TOMOGRAPHY, VERTEBRATES
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[en] Radiation-induced fibroses are a classical complication of radiotherapy. The effect of liposomal superoxide dismutase (Lipsod) on 45 radiation-induced fibroses of measurable volume and hardness in 34 patients was studied Over 3 weeks, 6 injections of Lipsod were given intramuscularly: 5 mg for 28 patients and 2 mg for 6 patients. On the average, the volume decreased by 32%. A marked or moderate softening was observed in 80% of the fibroses; it was accompanied by functional improvement in 75% of the patients (in cases of preexisting difficulties). The effectiveness was independent of the time lag between the Lipsod treatment and irradiation. The decreases noted in the volume and hardness of the fibroses remained stable during a follow up of 5-24 months. This systematic study shows the interest of Lipsod treatment of quasi-experimental fibroses where no other effective therapy exists
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Les radiofibroses constituent une complication classique de la radiotherapie. On a etudie l'interet de la superoxyde dismutase sous forme liposomiale (Lipsod) sur 45 radiofibroses mesurables en dimensions et en durete, chez 34 patients. La Lipsod a ete administree en intramusculaire, a raison de 6 injections en 3 semaines de 5 mg de lipsod pour 28 patients et de 2 mg pour 6 patients. La regression moyenne en dimension a ete de 32 p. 100. Un ramollissement marque ou important a ete observe dans 80 p. 100 des fibroses; il s'est accompagne d'une amelioration fonctionnelle dans 75 p. 100 des cas (en cas de troubles preexistants). L'efficacite est independante du delai entre l'irradiation et le traitement par Lipsod. Le resultat obtenu est reste stable avec un recul de 5 a 24 mois. Cette etude systematique montre l'interet de la Lipsod sur des fibroses quasi experimentales, ou aucune autre therapeutique efficace n'est a proposerOriginal Title
Etude de l'action de la superoxyde dismutase dans sa forme liposomiale sur des radiofibroses mesurables
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[en] Published in summary form only
Original Title
La radiotherapie per-operatoire
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