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AbstractAbstract
[en] Published in summary form only
Original Title
Untersuchung der Magnetfeldstruktur in Tokamak-Plasmen
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[en] A brief survey on the Europhysics study conference on 'Refrigeration and thermometry below 1 Kelvin', September 12-13, 1986, Berlin (West Germany) is presented. (GSCH)
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Kuehlung und Thermometrie unter 1 Kelvin
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[en] This article presents a brief history of the phenomenon of superconductivity, its theoretical ideas, and applications. (GSCH)
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75 Jahre Supraleitung
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[en] The low-energy excitation spectrum of atomic nuclei, for a long while object of nuclear spectroscopic studies, still conceals surprises even today. This article describes the search for and the detection of a new elementary magnetic-dipole excitation mode in deformed atomic nuclei the properties of which have great importance of the understanding of the different role of neutrons and protons in the deformation of the nuclei. (orig.)
[de]
Das Niederenergie-Anregungsspektrum von Atomkernen, seit langem Gegenstand kernspektroskopischer Untersuchungen, birgt auch heute noch Ueberraschungen. Dieser Artikel beschreibt die Suche nach und die Entdeckung einer neuen elementaren magnetischen Dipol-Anregungsmode in deformierten Atomkernen, deren Eigenschaften fuer das Verstaendnis der unterschiedlichen Rolle von Neutronen und Protonen bei der Deformation der Kerne grosse Bedeutung haben. (orig.)Original Title
Neue elementare magnetische Dipolmoden in Atomkernen
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COULOMB EXCITATION, DEFORMED NUCLEI, ELECTROMAGNETIC FORM FACTORS, ELECTRON REACTIONS, ELECTRONS, EXCITED STATES, GADOLINIUM 156, GADOLINIUM 156 TARGET, INELASTIC SCATTERING, M1-TRANSITIONS, MEV RANGE 10-100, NUCLEAR DEFORMATION, NUCLEAR STRUCTURE, ROTATIONAL STATES, STRENGTH FUNCTIONS, TITANIUM 46, TITANIUM 46 TARGET, VIBRATIONAL STATES
DEFORMATION, ELEMENTARY PARTICLES, ENERGY LEVELS, ENERGY RANGE, ENERGY-LEVEL TRANSITIONS, EVEN-EVEN NUCLEI, EXCITATION, FERMIONS, FORM FACTORS, FUNCTIONS, GADOLINIUM ISOTOPES, INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI, ISOTOPES, LEPTON REACTIONS, LEPTONS, MEV RANGE, MULTIPOLE TRANSITIONS, NUCLEAR REACTIONS, NUCLEI, PARTICLE PROPERTIES, RARE EARTH NUCLEI, SCATTERING, STABLE ISOTOPES, TARGETS, TITANIUM ISOTOPES
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[en] The authors review the physics which can be studied by heavy ion reactions using the VICKSI facility. Especially considered is the differentiation between complete fusion, deep inelastic processes, and quasi-elastic processes together with transitions between these processes. (HSI)
[de]
Die Verfasser bringen einen Ueberblick ueber die Physik, welche durch Schwerionenreaktionen unter Benutzung der VICKSI-Anlage untersucht werden kann. Insbesondere wird die Differenzierung zwischen vollstaendiger Fusion, tief inelastischen Prozessen und quasielastischen Prozessen zusammen mit Uebergaengen zwischen diesen Prozessen betrachtet. (HSI)Original Title
Schwerionenphysik mit VICKSI
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Progress Report
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ALPHA DETECTION, ALPHA PARTICLES, ANGULAR CORRELATION, ANGULAR DISTRIBUTION, CARBON 12, CARBON 12 TARGET, CARBON 13, CARBON 13 REACTIONS, COINCIDENCE METHODS, COMPOUND-NUCLEUS REACTIONS, DEEP INELASTIC HEAVY ION REACT, DIFFERENTIAL CROSS SECTIONS, ELASTIC SCATTERING, ENERGY DEPENDENCE, ENERGY SPECTRA, EVAPORATION MODEL, EXCITATION FUNCTIONS, FISSION FRAGMENTS, GOLD 197 TARGET, HEAVY ION FUSION REACTIONS, HEAVY ION REACTIONS, HEAVY NUCLEI, HOLMIUM 165 TARGET, INCLUSIVE INTERACTIONS, INTEGRAL CROSS SECTIONS, MEV RANGE 100-1000, MULTIPLICITY, NEON 20 REACTIONS, NEUTRON DETECTION, NEUTRON SPECTRA, NEUTRON SPECTROSCOPY, NEUTRON TRANSFER, NEUTRONS, NUCLEAR TEMPERATURE, ONE-NUCLEON TRANSFER REACTIONS, PRECOMPOUND-NUCLEUS EMISSION, PROGRESS REPORT, QUASI-FISSION, RARE EARTH NUCLEI, REVIEWS, TIME-OF-FLIGHT METHOD, TOTAL CROSS SECTIONS, VICKSI ACCELERATOR
ACCELERATORS, BARYONS, CARBON ISOTOPES, CHARGED PARTICLE DETECTION, CHARGED PARTICLES, CORRELATIONS, COUNTING TECHNIQUES, CROSS SECTIONS, DETECTION, DIRECT REACTIONS, DISTRIBUTION, DOCUMENT TYPES, ELEMENTARY PARTICLES, ENERGY RANGE, EVEN-EVEN NUCLEI, EVEN-ODD NUCLEI, FERMIONS, HADRONS, HEAVY ION ACCELERATORS, HELIUM IONS, INTERACTIONS, INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI, IONIZING RADIATIONS, IONS, ISOTOPES, LIGHT NUCLEI, MATHEMATICAL MODELS, MEV RANGE, NUCLEAR FRAGMENTS, NUCLEAR MODELS, NUCLEAR REACTIONS, NUCLEI, NUCLEONS, NUCLEOSYNTHESIS, PARTICLE INTERACTIONS, RADIATION DETECTION, RADIATIONS, SCATTERING, SPECTRA, SPECTROSCOPY, STABLE ISOTOPES, SYNTHESIS, TARGETS, TRANSFER REACTIONS
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[en] In this second part the influences of an electromagnetic pulse (EMC) of a nuclear explosion are given for antennas, electric dipoles, magnetic dipoles, transmission lines and electronic circuits. (WL)
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Elektromagnetischer Impuls einer Nuklearexplosion in grossen Hoehen. T. 2
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[en] Published in summary form only
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Teilchenphysik mit langsamen Neutronen
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[en] The author describes the determination of the mass of the electron neutrino by a precise analysis of the β-spectrum of tritium. He has obtained an upper limit of 18 eV/c2. (HSI)
[de]
Der Verfasser beschreibt die Bestimmung der Masse des Elektron-Neutrinos durch eine genaue Analyse des β-Spektrums von Tritium. Er hat eine obere Grenze von 18 eV/c2 erhalten. (HSI)Original Title
Eine obere Grenze fuer die Masse des Elektron-Neutrinos
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Numerical Data
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ANTILEPTONS, ANTIMATTER, ANTINEUTRINOS, ANTIPARTICLES, BETA DECAY, BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, DATA, DECAY, ELECTRON NEUTRINOS, ELEMENTARY PARTICLES, FERMIONS, HYDROGEN ISOTOPES, INFORMATION, ISOTOPES, LEPTONS, LIGHT NUCLEI, MASS, MASSLESS PARTICLES, MATTER, NEUTRINOS, NUCLEAR DECAY, NUCLEI, NUMERICAL DATA, ODD-EVEN NUCLEI, RADIOISOTOPES, SPECTRA, YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
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[en] Reactions and decays in which the muon-lepton number (Lsub(μ)) remains not conserved are allowed in nearly all novel elementary-particle models which exceed the standard model, and also no evident symmetry exists which requires a strict Lsub(μ) conservation. Such processes should therefore occur even with a very low probability. Hitherto no Lsub(μ) violating processes is yet observed. Instead of this experimentally only upper limits were determined which constrain the parameters of the particle models, for instance lower limits of the masses of additionally postulated gauge bosons. If in the future Lsub(μ) violating processes should be observed then their branching ratios are very sensitive quantities for the test of these models and their parameters. Such observation should then be an essential supplement of the experiments with high-energy accelerators of the new generation and an important contribution to the solution of the puzzle of the particle families. Each possibility to make the upper probability limits of Lsub(μ) violating processes experimentally precise should therefore be attended. (orig./HSI)
[de]
Reaktionen und Zerfaelle, bei denen die Myon-Leptonenzahl (Lsub(μ)) nicht erhalten bleibt, sind in fast allen neueren Elementarteilchen-Modellen, die ueber das Standardmodell hinausgehen, erlaubt, und es gibt auch keine ersichtliche Symmetrie, die eine strenge Lsub(μ)-Erhaltung fordert. Solche Prozesse sollten daher auftreten - wenn auch mit einer sehr geringen Wahrscheinlichkeit. Bis heute ist noch kein Lsub(μ)-verletzender Prozess beobachtet worden. Statt dessen liessen sich experimentell nur obere Grenzen bestimmen, die die Parameter der Teilchenmodelle einschraenken, z.B. untere Grenzen der Massen von zusaetzlich postulierten Eichbosonen liefern. Sollten kuenftig Lsub(μ)-verletzende Prozesse beobachtet werden, so sind deren Verzweigungsverhaeltnisse sehr empfindliche Groessen zum Test dieser Modelle und ihrer Parameter. Solche Beobachtungen waeren dann eine wesentliche Ergaenzung der Experimente mit Hochenergie-Beschleunigern der neuen Generation und ein wichtiger Beitrag zur Loesung des Raetsels der Teilchenfamilien. Jede Moeglichkeit, die oberen Wahrscheinlichkeitsgrenzen von Lsub(μ)-verletzenden Prozessen experimentell zu praezisieren, sollte daher wahrgenommen werden. (orig./HSI)Original Title
Experimentelle Tests der Myon-Leptonenzahl-Erhaltung
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CONFIGURATION MIXING, CONSERVATION LAWS, ELECTRON-MUON INTERACTIONS, ELECTRONS, FLAVOR MODEL, GRAND UNIFIED THEORY, INELASTIC SCATTERING, INTERMEDIATE VECTOR BOSONS, KAONS NEUTRAL LONG-LIVED, KAONS PLUS, LEPTONIC DECAY, LIMITING VALUES, MUON NUMBER, MUON-NUCLEON INTERACTIONS, MUONS MINUS, MUONS PLUS, NEUTRAL-CURRENT INTERACTIONS, PARTICLE MULTIPLETS, POSITRONS, RADIATIVE DECAY, REST MASS, SEMILEPTONIC DECAY, SYMMETRY BREAKING, TAU PARTICLES, WEINBERG LEPTON MODEL
ANTILEPTONS, ANTIMATTER, ANTIPARTICLES, BASIC INTERACTIONS, BOSONS, COMPOSITE MODELS, DECAY, ELEMENTARY PARTICLES, FERMIONS, FIELD THEORIES, HADRONS, HEAVY LEPTONS, INTERACTIONS, INTERMEDIATE BOSONS, KAONS, KAONS NEUTRAL, LEPTON NUMBER, LEPTON-BARYON INTERACTIONS, LEPTON-HADRON INTERACTIONS, LEPTON-LEPTON INTERACTIONS, LEPTON-NUCLEON INTERACTIONS, LEPTONS, MASS, MATHEMATICAL MODELS, MATTER, MESONS, MULTIPLETS, MUONS, PARTICLE DECAY, PARTICLE INTERACTIONS, PARTICLE MODELS, PSEUDOSCALAR MESONS, QUANTUM FIELD THEORY, QUARK MODEL, SCATTERING, STRANGE PARTICLES, UNIFIED GAUGE MODELS, WEAK INTERACTIONS, WEAK PARTICLE DECAY
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[en] Epidemiological studies among Rn-exposed miners revealed a significant increase in lung tumour occurrence with increased exposure to radon daughters. Radiation exposure of the lungs also is given through inhalation of Rn-decay products released from the building material of residential houses. The resulting lung cancer risk is one of the major issues of radiation protection of the population. Extensive data collections are available on Rn-concentrations in room air. Building planning and design should make better use of these data, particularly for selection of materials and design of the basement and foundation of buildings, as radon daughters are the major source of radiation exposure of the population. (DG)
[de]
Epidemiologische Studien bei Rn-exponierten Bergarbeitern zeigen eine signifikante Zunahme der Lungenkrebshaeufigkeit mit zunehmender Exposition durch Rn-Zerfallsprodukte. Eine Strahlenbelastung der Lunge wird auch durch Inhalation von Rn-Zerfallsprodukten in Haeusern erzeugt. Das damit verknuepfte Lungenkrebsrisiko stellt eines der wichtigsten Probleme des Strahlenschutzes der Bevoelkerung dar. Umfangreiche Daten ueber die Rn-Konzentration in der Raumluft von Haeusern liegen vor. Sie sollten bei der Planung zukuenftiger Haeuser beruecksichtigt werden, insbesondere bei der Konstruktion der Fundamente und Kellerraeume, da Rn-Zerfallsprodukte den groessten Beitrag zur Strahlenexposition verursachen. (DG)Original Title
Radon - Strahlenwirkung und Strahlenschutz
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53. physicits' conference and spring meeting of the DPG Technical Committees for Hadron Physics and Nuclear Physics, Particle Physics, Gravitation and Relativity, Didactic of Physics, of the Working Group for Energy (AKE), the Working Group for Radiation Protection and Radiation Effects (AGS) and the Consulting Committee of Industrial Physicists in the DPG (BAI); Bonn (Germany, F.R.); 13-17 Mar 1989
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