[en] A brief report on the 6th International conference on plasma physics and on the 6th International Congress on plasma waves and plasma instabilities, which have taken place in summer 1984 in Losanne, is presented. Main items of the conference are enlightened, such as the general theory of a plasma, laboratory plasma, thermonuclear plasma, cosmic plasma and astrophysics

[en] Operating principle is described for the devices of computerized tomography used in medicine for diagnosis of brain diseases. Computerized tomography is considered as a part of computerized diagnosis, as a part of information science. It is shown that computerized tomography is a real existed field of investigations in medicine and industrial production

[en] New methods providing data on brainwork and its function are presented. Brain blood flow is evaluated by the method of isotope clearance; the detection of electric activity of nerve centers - by the method of potential-depending dyes; the data on brain structure in normal and pathological states were obtained with assistance of brain nuclear-magnetic-resonance (NMR) tomography. Applied methods of autoradiography of brain sections after injection of radiocarbon labeled disoxyglucose and positron-emission tomography (for evaluation of metabolism and blood flow in healthy and sore human's brain) are described. Thermoencephaloscopy enables to accomplish dynamic detection of brain thermoareas. All methods are considered as mutually complementing ones; the choice of the method depends on solved functional problems and researcher's possibilities

[en] A schematic representation and construction of medical proton complex of synchrocyclotron in Gatchina are described as well as a technique of moving accelerated proton beams irradiation. Results are presented of clinical usage of 1000 MeV protons. The prospects or development of proton therapy at synchrocyclotron in Gatohina are outlined

[en] Review of some directions of technical application of high-current superconductivity in the course of developing new technique samples in industrial physics, electric power engineering and in other fields is given. Technological superconducting materials most perspective for creating superconducting magnetic systems (SMS) are presented. It is shown that only SMS creation allows one to possess accelerators with 0.8-20 TeV proton energy, construct tokamak devices, perform thermonuclear investigation with magnetic plasma confinement (open traps). In the last decades SMS are used in magnetic separation processes-experimental and experimental-commercial samples of separators with SMS are developed in a number of countries and they are now udergoing commercial tests. Application of magnetic resonance (MR) tomography method in medical diagnostics appears to be a perspective direction. When creating MR-tomographs extremely high requirements concerning space homogeneity of magnetic field are placed, which may be secured only by SMS application

[en] The model of a pulsar and physical processes occurring in its magnetosphere are described. The process of magnetosphere formation of rapidly rotating neutron star, mechanism of plasma generation and pulsar magnetic field configuration are described. Predicted by the given model existence of weak-radiating pulsars, in which the angle between the rotation axis of the star and its magnetic axis approaches 90 deg, is pointed out

[en] Problems discussed at International Symposium of Scientists for Nuclear Test Stopping in July 1986 in Moscow were considered. Scientists discussed complex of possible measures directed at strengthening of peace supporting mechanism, spoke in support of prohibition of all nuclear weapon tests. Necessity of measures preventing the weapon delivery to space, construction of the regime of using cosmic equipment exclusively for peace was noted. Attention was paid to the problem of control for test stopping (by means of sattelites and seismic methods), cooperation establishment between the USSR Academy of Sciences and the Council for the protection of the USA Natural Resources

[en] Review of the works on the problem of high-temperature superconductivity is given. History of this question is presented. Application of superconductivity and magnetic-current and temperature barriers, related to it are considered. High-temperature superconductivity theory is presented: the role of electron-phonon interaction and exciton mechanism. Characteristics of metal-oxide ceramics, produced in the recent years, are briefly presented. Necessity in a complex investigation into the problems, which arise before science and practice due to high-temperature superconductor discovery, is indicated

[en] Results studying lightest nuclei with large neutron excess (NE) are presented. Unstable superheavy hydrogen and beryllium isotopes (⁶H and ¹³Be) have been synthesized; excited states in ⁸He nucleus have been detected. Nucleus stability, depending on N/Z ratio (N is the neutron number, Z-atomic number), neutron stability boundary, separating stable nuclei (including β-radioactive ones) from systems of nuclei, decayingwith neutron emission, are discussed. A fragment of N-Z dependence for lightest nuclei with NE is presented. Study of two H and He nucleus chains with maximum reached for today NE is detected two opposite tendencies: for He isotopes-stability growth or, at least, it's nondecreasing with N growth; for H isotopes-sharp stability drop

[en] Experimental data, obtained when searching neutrino radiation from gravitational collapse of stars are discussed. The following reactions are used for neutrino detection in experiments: ν-tilde_e+p→n+e⁺ and ν+e^-→ν+e^-. Characteristics of four detectors, used during flare of Supernovae star on February, 23, 1987: Baksan underground scintillation telescope, Soviet-Italian liquid scintillation detector LSD, Cherenkov detector K2 (Japan-USA) and Cherenkov detector IMB(USA). Analysis of experiments showed that effects in each of four detectors satisfied or at least didn't disagree with conditions of mentioned reaction detection. Many problems should be solved when interpreting the whole body of results of neutrino detectors: two-stage mechanism of collapse, different angular distributions of K2 and IBM etc. The main problem lies in the fact, that measured enrgy fluxes in neutrino radiation exceed many times the same ones, permissible from the view point of modern astrophysical concepts