[en] 25 years have passed since the first nuclear power plant in the Soviet Union started operation and thus laid the foundations for the development of a fundamentally new branch of economy - nuclear industry. At present the following nuclear power plants are operated in the Soviet Union: Belojarsk, Kola, Bilibino, Armenia, Leningrad, Kursk, and Tschernobylj, the number of power plant units amounting to 19, the total electric power to 0.09 GW. In total the plants have generated 44.8 billion kWh in 1978; for 1979 a total generation of 54 billion kWh is expected. By the following five-year plans the construction of nuclear power plants is to be still essentially extended: about 20% of the total electric power is planned to be produced by nuclear power plants. In the course of this extension the new nuclear power plants are planned to achieve individual capacities between 4 and 6 GW, the nuclear heating power plants 2 GW. In addition there will be facilities for nuclear production of heat only with a thermal output of up to 1 GW. (orig./UA)

No abstract available

[en] After a description of the actual situation in the field of energy supply, the possibilities of France to ensure its energy supply in the near future are explained. The intentions of the French energy policy have the aim to strongly reduce the dependence on imported energy sources, having in Europe an especially high portion of 81% (1980). This should be made possible by developing domestic fuel- and energy sources, with special consideration to nuclear energy and by energy saving measures. The data of the forecast refer to a short-term period until 1985 and partially until 1990. (UA)

[en] Since the first operation of the first Japanese nuclear power plant with a gas-cooled reactor of 160 MWe questions about safety and solidity of nuclear power plants in case of earthquakes kept taking an important part in the consultation committee for nuclear safety in Japan. On the basis of latest success in seismology and geology, of experience in construction, and of results from experimental research, respective standards have been worked out and published in 1978. (orig.)

[en] Three different concepts are discussed that were presented at a 1977 meeting of the American Nuclear Association. Technological details are presented of methods with direct reuse of spent nuclear fuels in other reactors. (UA)

[en] A lot of money and millions of barrels of oil depend on the decisions concerning the operating licenses for more than 25 almost finished nuclear power plants in the USA. According to a general view of the Atomic Industrial Forum every day of disuse of one unit due to failing operation licenses costs 1 Million dollars in average. The congress, however, could ratify laws that would by-pass the final safety hearings and pass the operation licenses for the almost finished plants in less time than today. The NRC is permanently working on the reorganization of their own licensing procedures, but they complain not to have enough staff to do the work within the desired time. (orig./GL)

[en] With their efforts to acquire a great independence in their power supply, South Corea are extending their nuclear programme. In order to be less dependent on American technology the country entered into relations with several countries advanced in nuclear technology. The author handles the present situation in that country. (orig.)

[en] For burn-up measurements at power reactors gamma-spectroscopy methods are used to a great extent, but in general they do not give direct information about the concentration of heavy nuclides in the fuel. The present work describes a combination of gamma-spectrometrical analysis with theoretical calculations opening new possibilities to the method mentioned above. (RW)

[en] The rentability of nuclear dual-purpose power plants for heat supply to cities, villages, and industrial centres in the north of the USSR is investigated and proved. As an example, the author states that a nuclear dual-purpose power plant in the arctic region with a thermal power of 335 to 760 MJ/h could save 120 000 t SKE, i.e. 10 to 50 million rubels, per year. (GG)

No abstract available