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Duff, M; Hunter, D; Triay, I; Bertsch, P; Sutton, S; Kitten, J; Vaniman, D
Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY (United States); National Synchrotron Light Source (United States). Funding organisation: USDOE Office of Energy Research (ER) (United States)2000
Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY (United States); National Synchrotron Light Source (United States). Funding organisation: USDOE Office of Energy Research (ER) (United States)2000
AbstractAbstract
No abstract available
Primary Subject
Source
AC02-98CH10886
Record Type
Journal Article
Journal
Radiochimica Acta; ISSN 0033-8230; ; v. 47; [10 p.]
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AbstractAbstract
No abstract available
Secondary Subject
Source
Lecture meeting on principles and applications of nuclear-, radio-, and radiation chemistry; Lindau, Germany, F.R; 16 - 19 Oct 1978; Short communication only.
Record Type
Journal Article
Literature Type
Conference
Journal
Radiochimica Acta; ISSN 0033-8230; ; v. 25(2); p. 119
Country of publication
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AbstractAbstract
[en] The preparation of 82Br-biomolecules with neutron irradiated bromates is described. This very simple procedure of decay-induced labelling leads to high yields of bromination with high specific activity for activated aromatic compounds. (orig.)
[de]
Hier wird die Herstellung von 82Br-Biomolekuelen mit neutronenbestrahlten Bromaten beschrieben. Dieses sehr einfache Verfahren der durch Zerfall induzierten Markierung ergibt fuer aktivierte aromatische Verbindungen hohe Brominationsausbeuten mit hoher spezifischer Aktivitaet. (orig.)Record Type
Journal Article
Journal
Radiochimica Acta; ISSN 0033-8230; ; v. 26(2); p. 93-96
Country of publication
AMINES, AMINO ACIDS, AROMATICS, AZINES, BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, BROMINE COMPOUNDS, BROMINE ISOTOPES, CARBOXYLIC ACIDS, CHEMICAL REACTIONS, CHROMATOGRAPHY, DAYS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES, ENERGY-LEVEL TRANSITIONS, HALOGEN COMPOUNDS, HALOGENATION, HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS, HYDROXY ACIDS, HYDROXY COMPOUNDS, INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI, ISOTOPES, NUCLEI, ODD-ODD NUCLEI, ORGANIC ACIDS, ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS, OXYGEN COMPOUNDS, PHENOLS, RADIOISOTOPES, SEPARATION PROCESSES
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AbstractAbstract
[en] Excitation functions have been calculated for the reactions O(3P) + H2 → OH(2π) + H (1), → O(3P) + 2H (2), F(2P) + H2 → HF(1Σ) + H (3), → F(2P) + 2H (4),(and for the analogous reactions with HD) using the quasi-classical trajectory technique on a semi-empirical potential energy surface. The population inversion in the vibrational distribution of the HF produced in (3) at low collision energies is found to disappear at higher collision energies, and no analogous inversion is found in the OH produced by (1) at any collision energy. The dynamics of the reactive scattering move from backward scatter (for (3)) and sideways scatter (for (1)) to forward scatter in both systems with increasing collision energy. (orig.)
[de]
Fuer die Reaktionen O(3P) + H2 → OH(2π) + H (1), → O(3P) + 2H (2), F(2P) + H2 → HF(1Σ) + H (3), → F(2P) + 2H (4), (desgleichen fuer die analogen Reaktionen mit HD) wurden unter Anwendung der quasiklassischen Trajektortechnik auf eine halbempirische Potentialenergieoberflaeche Anregungsfunktionen berechnet. Die Populationsinversion in der oszillatorischen Verteilung des nach der Reaktion (3) bei niedrigen Stossenergien entstandenen HF verschwindet bei hoeheren Stossenergien; eine analoge Inversion wurde fuer das nach der Reaktion (1) produzierte OH bei keiner Kollisionsenergie gefunden. Die Bewegung der reaktiven Steigerung reicht von der rueckwaertigen Streuung (fuer (3)) und seitwaertigen (fuer (1)) bis zur Vorwaertsstreueung in beiden Systemen mit steigender Stossenergie. (orig.)Secondary Subject
Record Type
Journal Article
Literature Type
Numerical Data
Journal
Radiochimica Acta; ISSN 0033-8230; ; v. 26(2); p. 71-75
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AbstractAbstract
[en] Using the activation technique, 14.7 MeV neutron cross sections of Os-isotopes were measured. Induced γ-activities were counted with a calibrated Ge(Li)-spectrometer. Cross-sections are given relative to sigma27Al(n,α) = 112mb: sigma184Os(n,2n)183gOs = (1449 +- 99)mb; sigma184Os(n,2n)sup(183m)Os = (488 +- 39)mb; sigma186Os(n,2n)185Os = (2004 +- 120)mb; sigma190Os(n,α)187W = (0.82 +- 0.06)mb; sigma190Os(n,n'γ)190Os = (11 +- 1.1) mb. The total (n,2n)-cross-sections found agree with theoretical estimates, but disagree with smaller values given in the literature. (orig.)
[de]
Mit Hilfe der Aktivierungstechnik wurden 14,7 MeV-Neutronenreaktionsquerschnitte von Osmium-Isotopen ermittelt. Die induzierten Gammaaktivitaeten wurden mit einem kalibrierten Ge(Li)-Spektrometer gemessen. Folgende Reaktionsquerschnitte wurden - relativ zu sigma27Al(n,α) = 112mb - gefunden: sigma184Os(n,2n)sup(183g)Os = (1449 +- 99)mb; sigma184Os(n,2n)sup(183m)Os = (488 +- 39)mb; sigma186Os(n,2n)185Os = (2004 +- 120)mb; sigma190Os(n,α)187W = (0,82 +- 0,06)mb; sigma190Os(n,n'γ)190Os = (11 +- 1,1)mb. Die gefundenen (n,2n)-Totalquerschnitte stimmen mit den theoretisch abgeschaetzten Werten ueberein, jedoch nicht mit in der Literatur veroeffentlichten kleineren Werten. (orig.)Primary Subject
Record Type
Journal Article
Journal
Radiochimica Acta; ISSN 0033-8230; ; v. 27(2); p. 71-72
Country of publication
BARYON REACTIONS, BARYONS, BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, CHARGED PARTICLES, DAYS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION, ELEMENTARY PARTICLES, ENERGY RANGE, EVEN-EVEN NUCLEI, EVEN-ODD NUCLEI, FERMIONS, HADRON REACTIONS, HADRONS, HEAVY NUCLEI, HELIUM IONS, IONIZING RADIATIONS, IONS, ISOMERIC TRANSITION ISOTOPES, ISOTOPES, MEV RANGE, MINUTES LIVING RADIOISOTOPES, NUCLEAR REACTIONS, NUCLEI, NUCLEON REACTIONS, NUCLEONS, OSMIUM ISOTOPES, RADIATIONS, RADIOISOTOPES, STABLE ISOTOPES, TARGETS, TUNGSTEN ISOTOPES
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AbstractAbstract
[en] The principles of 'on-line' chromatographic measurements with short-lived nuclides are presented and the conditions for the application of this method outlined. A correction formula for non-stationary conditions is derived. On-line measurements of the adsorption enthalpies and entropies of NbCl5, and NbOCl3 on a quartz glass surface were made, and compared with data which had been determined from off-line experiments. The results show that on-line measurements give reproducible and correct results, if the conditions necessary for the application of this method are observed. Some possible fields of application for this method are outlined. (orig.)
[de]
Die Grundzuege der 'on-line'-chromatographischen Messungen mit kurzlebigen Nukliden werden vorgestellt und die Bedingungen fuer die Anwendung dieser Methode beschrieben. Eine Korrekturformel fuer nicht stationaere Bedingungen wird abgeleitet. Es wurden an Quarzglasoberflaechen on-line Messungen der Adsorptionsenthalpien und -entropien von NbCl5 und NbOCl3 durchgefuehrt und mit Daten verglichen, die aus off-line-Versuchen ermittelt wurden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die on-line-Messungen reproduzierbare und richtige Ergebnisse liefern, wenn die erforderlichen Bedingungen fuer die Anwendung dieser Methode beachtet werden. Moegliche Anwendungsgebiete dieser Methode werden hervorgehoben. (orig.)Record Type
Journal Article
Journal
Radiochimica Acta; ISSN 0033-8230; ; v. 27(2); p. 105-108
Country of publication
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, CHALCOGENIDES, CHLORIDES, CHLORINE COMPOUNDS, CHROMATOGRAPHY, ENTHALPY, HALIDES, HALOGEN COMPOUNDS, INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI, ISOMERIC TRANSITION ISOTOPES, ISOTOPES, MINUTES LIVING RADIOISOTOPES, NIOBIUM COMPOUNDS, NIOBIUM ISOTOPES, NUCLEI, ODD-EVEN NUCLEI, OXIDES, OXYGEN COMPOUNDS, PHYSICAL PROPERTIES, RADIOISOTOPES, SEPARATION PROCESSES, SILICON COMPOUNDS, SILICON OXIDES, THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES, TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS
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AbstractAbstract
[en] The electronic structures of the highly charged ions, CH3Brsup(n+) and CH3Clsup(n+)(n = 0,4,6 and 10), were calculated with an ab initio MO method. The distribution of the highly positive charges was obtained on the basis of the Mulliken population analysis. The fragmentation mechanism of these highly charged ions was discussed, and the repulsion energies between CH3sup(m+) and Xsup((n-m)+) ions were estimated with both the simplified models based on the Coulomb repulsion and the total energy difference between CH3Xsup(n+) and CH3sup(m+) + Xsup((n-m)+). With an increase in the positive charge n, Coulomb explosion model proposed by Carlson and White was found to be well applicable to the decomposition of CH3Xsup(n+). The distribution of fragment ion produced after the X-ray irradiation of CH3Br or following the isomeric transition of sup(80m)Br in CH3sup(80m)Br were calculated, and Brsup(3+) and Brsup(7+) were found to be the most probable Brsup(n+) ions, respectively. (orig.)
[de]
Die Elektronenstruktur von Ionen hoher Ladung, CH3Brsup(n+) und CH3Clsup(n+)(n = 0,4,6 und 10) wurde mittels einer ab initio MO-Methode berechnet. Die Verteilung der hohen positiven Ladungen erhielt man mittels der Mulliken-Populationsanalyse. Der Zersetzungsmechanismus dieser hochgeladenen Ionen wurde diskutiert und die Abstossenergien zwischen CH3sup(m+) und Xsup((n-m)+)-Ionen mit vereinfachten Modellen der Coulombschen Abstossung und der totalen Energiedifferenz zwischen CH3Xsup(n+) und CH3sup(m+) + Xsup((n-m)+) abgeschaetzt. Mit einem Anstieg der positiven Ladung n zeigte das von Carlson und White vorgeschlagene Coulombsche Explosionsmodell gute Anwendbarkeit fuer die Zersetzung von CH3Xsup(n+). Die Verteilung der Fragmentionen wurde berechnet, die durch eine Roentgenbestrahlung von CH3p(n+). Die Verteilung der Fragmentionen wurde berechnet, die durch eine Roentgenbestrahlung von CH3 Br oder durch den isomeren Uebergang des sup(80m)Br in CH3sup(80m)Br gebildet wurden. Demnach sind Brsup(3+) und Brsup(7+) die wahrscheinlichsten Brsup(n+)-Ionen. (orig.)Secondary Subject
Record Type
Journal Article
Journal
Radiochimica Acta; ISSN 0033-8230; ; v. 27(2); p. 79-83
Country of publication
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, BETA-PLUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, BROMINE ISOTOPES, CHARGED PARTICLES, CHEMISTRY, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION, ELECTRON CAPTURE RADIOISOTOPES, ENERGY-LEVEL TRANSITIONS, HOURS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES, INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI, IONIZATION, IONIZING RADIATIONS, IONS, ISOTOPES, MINUTES LIVING RADIOISOTOPES, NUCLEI, ODD-ODD NUCLEI, ORGANIC BROMINE COMPOUNDS, ORGANIC CHLORINE COMPOUNDS, ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, ORGANIC HALOGEN COMPOUNDS, RADIATIONS, RADIOCHEMISTRY, RADIOISOTOPES
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AbstractAbstract
[en] Nucleogenic 38S atoms produced by the reaction 40Ar(p,3p)38S, react in gaseous alkane/H2S/Ar mixtures to yield the corresponding labeled mercaptans as well as H238S. On the average the mercaptan-38S yield amounts to 3-5%, the H238S yield to about 20%. The additive H2S, presumably due to its hydrogen-donating ability, serves as a necessary protective agent by scavenging radiation-induced radicals. It is concluded that the mercaptans-38S are the product of insertion in a C-H bond of electronically excited singlet 38S(1D) atoms, which possibly-depending on circumstances-possess excess translational energy. Most likely, the precursor of H238S is a H38S radical from hydrogen abstraction by hot 38S atoms from the alkane and possibly also from abstraction or insertion reactions of 38S(1D) atoms with H2S. The 38S activity deposited on the walls (about 75%) is mainly ascribed to relatively unreactive triplet groundstate 38S(3P) atoms. (orig.)
[de]
Nukleogene 38S Atome, die durch die Reaktion 40Ar(p,3p)38S gebildet wurden, reagieren in gasfoermigen Alkan/H2S/Ar-Mischungen unter Bildung der entsprechend markierten Merkaptane sowie des H238S. Durchschnittlich betraegt die Merkaptan 38S-Ausbeute etwa 3 bis 5%, die H238S-Ausbeute bis zu 20%. Der Zusatz H2S dient, wahrscheinlich wegen seiner Wasserstoff-abgebenden Faehigkeiten, als ein notwendiges Schutzmittel, indem er als Faenger fuer strahlungsinduzierte Radikale fungiert. Es wird gefolgert, dass die 38S-Merkaptane durch den Einbau von elektronisch angeregten Singulett-38S(1D)-Atomen in eine C-H Bindung entstehen, die moeglicherweise, in Abhaengigkeit von den Umstaenden, Translationsenergie im Ueberschuss enthalten. Wahrscheinlich ist der Vorlaeufer von H238S ein H38S-Radikal aus der Wasserstoffabstraktion durch heisse 38S-Atome von Alkanen und moeglicherweise auch aus Abstraktions- oder Einbaureaktionen von 38S(1D) Atomen mit H2S. Die an den Waenden abgelagerte Aktivitaet des 38S (etwa 75%) wird hauptsaechlich dem relativ reaktionstraegen Triplettgrundzustand der 38S (3P)-Atome zugeschrieben. (orig.)Record Type
Journal Article
Journal
Radiochimica Acta; ISSN 0033-8230; ; v. 27(2); p. 95-99
Country of publication
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, CHALCOGENIDES, CHEMISTRY, DISPERSIONS, ELEMENTS, EVEN-EVEN NUCLEI, FLUIDS, HOURS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES, HYDROCARBONS, HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS, ISOTOPES, LIGHT NUCLEI, NONMETALS, NUCLEI, ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, RADIOCHEMISTRY, RADIOISOTOPES, RARE GASES, SULFIDES, SULFUR COMPOUNDS, SULFUR ISOTOPES, TARGETS
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[en] The paper contains the results of the further investigation of the quenching effects of a number of elements on the uranium fluorescence excited by UV light in a NaF/LiF flux. A series of new half-concentration values (c1sub(/)2) was determined and a semilogarithmic dependance of this figure, which characterizes the quenching effect, upon the atomic number Z of the corresponding element found. Within certain limits this makes possible a prediction of quenching effects. A formula for the description of the quenching behavior of element mixtures was derived and tested experimentally. (orig.)
Primary Subject
Record Type
Journal Article
Journal
Radiochimica Acta; ISSN 0033-8230; ; v. 29(1); p. 53-55
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[en] The formation probability of tritons in proton induced nuclear reactions is lower than in d- or α-induced reactions but nevertheless up to about 3% of the emitted charged particles are tritons. The precompound exciton model in the formulation of RIBANSKY and OBLOZINSKY predicts triton formation probabilities in right order of magnitude but the shape of the excitation functions differs from the experimental curves. (orig.)
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Record Type
Journal Article
Journal
Radiochimica Acta; ISSN 0033-8230; ; v. 29(4); p. 173-175
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