[en] This paper deals with a classical fluid of positive and negative ions at liquid-state densities; tipically, a molten alkalihalide. It is mostly concerned with recent advances in microscopic understanding associated with correlations between charge density fluctuations and their interplay with mass density fluctuations and with single-ion motion. A brief review of related areas which hold promise of future development is also presented

[en] The properties of polarized lepton beams are discussed. The experiments on weak electromagnetic interference performed with longitudinally polarized electron and muon beams are also treated (C.P.)

[en] In this paper, an estimate of the contribution of discrete sources to the total gamma-ray emissivity of the Galaxy is attempted. Data of discrete sources are also reviewed, and some possible identifications of the sources are discussed. The local surface emissivity due to discrete sources is estimated and compared to the total surface emissivity locally. (author)

[en] The problem of dynamical symmetry breaking in gauge field theories is treated. Emphasis is given on the mechanism of the phenomenon. The following issues are considered: nature of the dynamics of spontaneous chiral-symmetry breaking in gauge theory, spontaneous breaking of the chiral symmetry in QCD, dynamics of symmetry breaking in tumbling gauge theories (C.P.)

[en] In this paper, the main applications of the HERXS (High Energy Resolution X-ray Spectroscopy) technique to the study of dynamic processes in crystalline and amorphous solids are reviewed. Particular attention is paid to those cases which indicate possible areas for future development

[en] In this paper, the theory of fluctuations in an open many-particle system is presented. The system is supposed to be under the action of external driving forces which create the fluxes of momentum, energy, particles etc. As a result the system can be displaced substantially from equilibrium with a thermal bath. Expression are obtained for the spectral densities of occupation number fluctuations near a nonequilibrium steady state. The expressions are generalized to cover spatially inhomogeneous fluctuations. The diffusion coefficient in cases of special physical interest is considered

[en] Some problems related to the experimental and theoretical work devoted to the investigation of the properties of the liquid surfaces are reviewed. The calculation of the surface potential profile for pure VdW liquids is discussed. The experimental data indicating the existence of bound states for impurities outside the surface are reviewed, along with the tentative theoretical interpretations. (author)

[en] The fire string theory of e⁺e^- annihilation in hadrons is discussed. Such a theory allows to reproduce the most different and subtle aspects of hadronic production in terms of a very small number of inputs and of a set of simple theoretical ideas (C.P.)

[en] Magnetohydrodynamical processes near compact objects are reviewed in this paper. First the accretion of the magnetized matter into a single black hole and spectra of radiation are considered. Then the magnetic-field phenomena in the disk accretion, when the black hole is in a pair are discussed. Furthermore, the magnetohydrodynamics phenomena during supernova explosion are considered. Finally the magnetohydrodynamics in the accretion of a neutron star is considered in connection With x-ray sources

[en] The paper is concerned with photophysics, photochemistry and photobiology of nuclei-acid mulecules and their components under intense laser UV irradiation (C.P.)