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[en] Enhanced computed tomography (CT) using volumetric helical acquisition is undeniable for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) detection and characterization. Our goal is to purpose helical CT parameters which are, in our opinion, optimal for HCC diagnosis. (authors)
Journal
Feuillets de Radiologie; ISSN 0181-9801; 
; v. 41(1); p. 68-74
; v. 41(1); p. 68-74
[en] Localized fibrosis of the lung is usually scar tissue while diffuse pulmonary fibrosis is more often a sign of active disease. Chronic infiltrative lung disease may be classified into four categories: idiopathic pneumonitis, collagen diseases, granulomatosis (sarcoidosis), and caused by known diseases (pneumoconiosis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, drug-induced lung disease, radiation). (authors)
Journal
Feuillets de Radiologie; ISSN 0181-9801; ; v. 41(1); p. 2-10
; v. 41(1); p. 2-10
[en] Eosinophilic granuloma of bone or Langerhans cell histiocytosis is mostly uni-focal. It appears on plain X Ray as a solitary destructive lesion of long bones or flat bones. CT is useful to define the extension to the cortical bone and also to precisely localize the lesion when the anatomy is complex (hip, spine, base of the skull). MR is very useful in case of more aggressive lesions when there is extension to soft tissues. Differential diagnosis includes circumscribed osteitis and tumors prognosis is more serious in case of multiple lesions. (authors)
Journal
Feuillets de Radiologie; ISSN 0181-9801; ; v. 41(1); p. 49-61
; v. 41(1); p. 49-61
[en] Radiology is a major exploration tool for assessing kidney injury. Helical computed tomography is useful to detect parenchymal lesion and urinary leakage. Ultrasonography can show the renal morphology and is useful for follow-up. CT and/or angiography is used to detect vascular lesions. Imaging is essential for precise assessment of the severity of traumatic kidney injury, of the function of the contralateral kidney, and for follow-up. (authors)
Journal
Feuillets de Radiologie; ISSN 0181-9801; ; v. 41(1); p. 11-18
; v. 41(1); p. 11-18
[en] In Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) imaging, contrast is dependent on the emission of radiofrequency waves by atomic nuclei, balanced by several parameters. The high information content of NMR images is due to the multiplicity of its parameters. However, this advantage introduces a difficulty in the interpretation of the contrast. There are three contrast parameters for each tissue: hydrogen nuclei density; relaxation time T1; relaxation time T2. Contrast may be enhanced towards any of these parameters by increasing the emission of radiowaves by atomic nuclei using particular pulse sequences
[fr]
Alors qu'en radiographie (conventionnelle ou Scanner X), le contraste n'est lie qu'a un seul facteur, l'absorption des Rayons X par interaction avec les electrons, en Resonance Magnetique Nucleaire le contraste depend de l'emission d'ondes radio par les noyaux atomiques ponderees par plusieurs parametres. Il en resulte un contraste bien plus important, mais aussi plus difficile a interpreter. Ces principaux parametres sont la densite en noyaux d'hydrogene (noyau utilise actuellement en imagerie), le temps de relaxation T1 (lie a la rapidite d'aimantation des tissus), le temps de relaxation T2 (en rapport avec la duree d'emission radio par les noyaux) et le flux. En stimulant l'emission radio des noyaux par des sequences d'impulsions particulieres, on peut renforcer le contraste vis-a-vis de tel ou tel parametreJournal
[en] In order to optimize imaging at acceptable levels of ionization, quality control must necessarily be applied to mammography. The same level of quality must be maintained time after time. The authors present the material and methods used for the controls. With a methodical approach, they successively examine the storage and processing of sensitized images films and screens, and equipment. Many of the controls are easily carried out and do not require costly material
[fr]
L'application d'un controle de qualite en mammographie est indispensable dans le but d'obtenir la meilleure image possible avec des doses d'irradiation acceptables. Cette qualite doit etre maintenue constante au cours du temps. Les auteurs exposent les moyens et les methodes pour faire les controles en s'appuyant sur une demarche systematique qui analyse successivement le stockage et le traitement des surfaces sensibles, les couples ecran(s)-film et l'appareillage. Beaucoup de ces controles sont de realisation simple et ne necessitent pas l'achat d'un materiel tres onereuxJournal
[en] The diagnosis of primary sclerosing cholangitis is based on cholangiographic signs. Because of the risk of secondary infection associated with retrograde catheterization, ultrasonography and computed tomography provide useful and occasionally sufficient information for the diagnosis and follow-up of this condition, allowing a reduction in the use of direct biliary tract opacification. These two examinations provide information about anomalies of the bile ducts affected by cholangitis and about the possible development of cholangiocarcinoma. Of the various forms of secondary cholangitis, that associated with AIDS has been recently characterized and its diagnosis is virtually always based on ultrasonography which presents typical features
[fr]
Le diagnostic de cholangite sclerosante primitive repose sur les signes cholangiographiques. En raison du risque de surinfection du au catheterisme retrograde, l'echotomographie et la tomodensitometrie donnent des renseignements utiles et parfois suffisants pour le diagnostic et la surveillance de cette affection, permettant de diminuer le recours aux opacifications biliaires directes. Ces deux examens donnent des informations sur les anomalies des voies biliaires de la cholangite et sur le possible developpement d'un cholangiocarcinome. Parmi les cholangites secondaires, celle qui est associee au SIDA est d'individualisation recente et son diagnostic est pratiquement toujours porte a l'examen echotomographique dont l'aspect est caracteristiqueJournal
[en] Due to has technological improvements, the exploration of the pancreas by MR imaging become a high-performance technique. The use of breath-hold T1-weighted sequences, combined with T2-weighted turbo-spin-echo (fast-spin-echo) sequences and cholangio-pancreatography by MR Imaging, allows the study of the pancreatic parenchyma and its duct. The screening by MR imaging of small tumors is now possible, as well as the diagnosis of pancreatitis or pancreatic congenital anomaly. (author)
Journal
[en] Bladder carcinoma is the second most commun cause of urogenital tumor. It is suspected by abdominal ultrasound and prouved by cystoscopy with biopsy. At present, MR Imaging is the most accurate diagnostic modality for loco-regional staging. Urography is still useful to appreciate urinary tract
[fr]
Le cancer de la vessie est la seconde cause de cancer urogenital. Il est suspecte par l'echographie sus-pubienne et confirme par la cystoscopie avec biopsies. Actuellement l'IRM apparait l'examen le plus efficace pour le bilan loco-regional. L'UIV est toujours utile pour l'etude de l'arbre urinaireJournal
[en] Tumours developing at the expense of the walls of the gastrointestinal tract are one of the current indications for computed tomography in order to define the nature, extent and sometimes the gastrointestinal origin of these tumours. A biopsy is sometimes performed under CT guidance. The authors discuss the value of this method in the study of adenocarcinomas, lymphomas and connective tissue tumours
[fr]
Les tumeurs developpees aux depens des parois du tube digestif sont une des indications actuelles de la tomodensitometrie afin d'en preciser la nature, l'extension et parfois d'en evoquer l'origine digestive. Une biopsie est parfois effectuee sous tomodensitometrie. Les auteurs envisagent l'interet de cette methode dans l'etude des adenocarcinomes, des lymphomes et des tumeurs conjonctivesJournal
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