[en] Four cases of renal anomaly associated with anorectal malformation are illustrated here. The findings highlight the importance of early diagnosis of renal disorders in the pediatric with congenital anomalies in order to prevent irreversible damage to the kidneys. The high sensitivity of radionuclide diagnostic imaging methods in the early diagnosis of renal disorders and evaluation of renal function in children is emphasized.(author)

[en] Radionuclide therapy involves the use of substantial amounts of radioactivity and must therefore be used with care. At extremely high doses, radioactivity can cause serious injury or even death. As in any form of treatment, the proper response of the patient requires the accurate measurement of the dose of the therapeutic agent. To establish the relationship between radiation dose and radiation effects necessitates accurate identification and quantification of the administered dose. It is possible to estimate the quantity of absorbed dose with some accuracy using the MIRD schema. (author) 1 fig., 4 tabs., 15 refs

[en] Total 2287 patients who undergone thyroid scintigraphy in Nuclear Medicine Centre, Khulna from January 1998 to December 2000 were retrospectively studied to evaluate the congenital anomalies of the thyroid gland. Scintigraphy showed thyroid anomalies in 11 patients (0.48%). The presenting features and thyroid function tests were analyzed and a detailed study was performed. Of these 11 cases, 7 patients (63.6%) had ectopic thyroid gland and site of ectopic was found to be lingual in 4 cases, sublingual in 2 cases and pre laryngeal in 1 case, 3 patients (27.3%) with hemi agenesis of thyroid and 1 patient (9.1%) with athyreosis. Biochemically 3 cases were hypothyroid of which 2 had ectopic thyroid and 1 with athyreosis. 1 patient was hyperthyroid with hemi agenesis of thyroid and 7 were euthyroid. Females were more affected than males, the ratio being 4.5:1. (authors) 2 tabs. 12 refs

[en] 99m Tc is widely acceptable for its many reasonable criteria in diagnostic use for different clinical Nuclear Medicine studies. Since very beginning of the Nuclear Medicine services in our country, 99m Tc was available form the imported 99m Tc generator form abroad. From September 2000 to December 2000 at Nuclear Medicine Centre (NMC), Comilla we have received eight generators from Radioisotope Production Division (RIPD), Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology (INST), Atomic Energy Research Establishment (AERE), Savar, Bangladesh for Clinical Nuclear Medicine studies. Out of eight generators five generators showed satisfactory performance on elution dose measurement with reference dose, three differs with the reference dose. During the elution dose measurement with reference dose. Three differs with the reference dose. During the elution procedure, the exposure rate was also within the safe limit. Sometimes a second elution was recorded, when available activity on the first elution performance was not satisfactory. This may be due to improper preparation of vacuum vials or incorrect referred activity or any other causes. 170 patients were studied by 99m Tc with intravenous injection available form these generators. Out of them Thyroid Scan (61), Renogram (45), Liver Scan (23) and Bone Scan (14) were remarkable. In clinical use with 99m Tc from these generator, image quality was satisfactory. No pyrogen toxicity or any other adverse effect was observed in any case. (authors) 3 figs., 5 refs

No abstract available

[en] Parkinsonism is the result of various neuro degenerative disorders, the common and related causes are Parkinson's disease (PD), multiple system atrophy (MSA) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). In each of these three causes, there is degeneration of presynaptic neurons in corpus striatum. Nine patients having clinically uncertain parkinsonian symptoms undergone brain SPECT imaging using the tracer (I-123 Ioflupane) that binds to dopamine transporter (DaT) in the pre-synaptic nerve terminals in basal ganglia. There was significantly decreased tracer uptake in the tail (putamen) portion of basal ganglia in five patients confirming presence of presynaptic neuro degeneration and reported as parkinsonism. Three patients revealed normal tracer uptake with one equivocal result. DaT imaging can effectively confirm parkinsonism and discriminate from normal subjects as well as other clinical simulators like essential tremor and dopa-responsive dystonia where no neuro degeneration occur.(author)

[en] Thyrotoxicosis and well differentiated thyroid carcinomas are the two most common pathological conditions where radioiodine is used. Patients with well differentiated thyroid carcinomas are the candidates for post operative radio iodine therapy. It is currently the most popular and frequently used method of treatment. Its use is safe and cost effective. The results are usually eventless but in some exceptional cases emergencies that occurred after administration of I-131. One emergency occurred after I-131 administration for Graves' disease and the second case happened after therapeutic application of I-131 for treatment of local recurrences of thyroid cancer.(author)

[en] For the assessment of renal functional status, DTPA renography is widely used. Split function provides excellent information, but it has certain shortcomings especially in bilateral renal disease or in solitary kidney. This study demonstrates the importance of kidney to liver ratio as a functional parameter. In 65 patients, a total of 123 kidney were studied. Renographic studies were done after a bolus of Tc-99m DTPA. The kidney to liver ratios was calculated at 3 minutes (K3/L3). The ratios and renography curve patterns correlated well in 101 (82%) kidneys, both normal in 42 and both abnormal in 59 kidneys. Only 22 (18%) kidneys had discrepancies and among them 12 showed abnormal ratios but having normal renogram curves. The findings display the usefulness of K3/L3 ratio. The authors advocate that it is a good parameter for renal studies. (author) 9 refs., 3 tabs

No abstract available

[en] Nuclear Medicine techniques are now considered of primary importance for the initial diagnosis and follow up of renal diseases. This technique can detect renal disease earlier, often before structural changes occur. Tc-99m DTPA can help to evaluate pre renal blood flow, renal parenchymal function and post renal collecting system integrity. Here a case is reported to show how Tc-99m DTPA renal study help to locate kidneys and in evaluation of their function as well. (author) 3 figs., 4 refs