[en] Recently, many solid-state lasers have been widely employed in Japanese industries, especially in the electronics industries for precise and reliable processing. To expand the use of solid-state lasers and to achieve higher processing speed, the authors are developing slab lasers of high power, high repetition rate, and high beam quality. Metal processing systems with optical fibers for large and complex 3-D work, multiwork station systems linked to only one laser with optical fibers, and compact x-ray sources for lithography are promising areas for such lasers. Surnitomo Metal Mining is growing Nd:GGG and Nd:YAG crystals 60 mm in diameter and 200 mm long. From 2 at.% Nd-doped GGG crystals without central core regions. The authors obtained two slab materials with dimensions of 35 X 9 X 192 and 55 X 15 X 213 mm/sup 3/. By using the smaller slab, they constructed a slab laser and obtained 370-W laser output power at 24-kW lamp input power and 10-pps repetition rate. Now they are constructing a 1-kW slab laser using the other larger size slab

[en] Behaviour of N nonrelativistic charged particles in the polarized medium (in ionic crystal), where they form polarons, is studied. Due to the phonon exchange N polarons attract each other and compose a bound state, the Froehlich multipolaron. The energy and effective mass of the multipolaron are strongly dependent on the number of its constituent particles N which leads to the energy instability of the multipolaron. It is shown that if the Coulomb repulsion of particles in a cluster is taken into account, the cluster recovers its energetical stability

[en] A theory is developed of electronic-vibrational interaction in rare-earth (RE) semiconductors with stable and intermediate valencies. A microscopic substantiation is proposed for the model of adiabatic charge density deformations that are related to local excitation (excitons) in RE-ion f shells. It is shown that the strong softening of the modes by excitonic instability of RE semiconductors to a transition into a state with intermediate valency leads to a substantial renormalization and damping of the phonons in a phase with intermediate valency. The calculated dispersion of the renormalization and damping agrees well with experiment

[en] The characteristics of optical pumping dynamics occurring in laser-pumped rare earth-doped, solid-state laser materials were investigated by using a tunable alexandrite laser to pump Y₃Al₅O₁₂:Nd³⁺ in an optical cavity. It was found that the slope efficiency of the Nd laser operation depends strongly on the wavelength of the pump laser. For pump wavelengths resulting in low slope efficiencies, intense fluorescence emission is observed from the sample in the blue-green spectral region. This is attributed to the excited state absorption of pump photons which occurs during radiationless relaxation from the pump band to the metastable state. This type of process will be an important loss mechanism for monochromatic pumping of laser systems at specific pump wavelengths

[en] Published in summary form only

[en] Published in summary form only

[en] We describe the development of the scanning photoemission spectromicroscope MAXIMUM at the Wisoncsin Synchrotron Radiation Center, which uses radiation from a 30-period undulator. The article includes a discussion of the first tests after the initial commissioning. (orig.)

[en] The objective of this research is to develop theories and conduct numerical investigations of electrostatic flute modes in a plasma confined in magnetic quadrupole. Chapter I presents the discussion of relevant background. Chapter II contains a brief discussion of the basic flute-mode operator L₀ for intermediate- and low frequency regimes. Chapter III develops a simple theory for a flute mode with frequency between the electron and ion bounce frequencies in the uniform density and temperature regions of a magnetic quadrupole. Chapter IV describes the kinetic approach. Chapter V contains the derivation of an eigenvalue equation for electrostatic waves with frequencies below the ion frequency in the private flux region of a magnetic quadrupole. Chapter VI develops a theory for electrostatic waves with frequency below the ion bounce frequency in the shared flux region of a magnetic quadrupole. Chapter VII contains the derivation of a dispersion equation for flute modes with frequencies between the electron and ion ounce frequencies in a plasma confined to a magnetic quadrupole. Two intermediate-frequency modes are predicted

[en] Energy of the basic state of electron-hole liquid (EHL) and equilibrium density value, depending on filament thickness, were calculated for systems of thin semiconductor filaments with high dielectric permittivity. Possibility of dielectric EHL formation was investigated

[en] Published in summary form only