[en] Two regimes of operation of condensation nitrogen cryopumps are investigated, they are with preliminary overcooling of liquid nitrogen approximately up to 64 K and the subsequent pumping out of the recipient (pulsed regime) and the simultaneous pumping out of vapour of cryoagent (nitrogen) by mechanic forevacuum pump, and pumping out of the recipient by cryopump. It is shown that in the range of pressures of 100-13 kPa the pulsed regime of operation is approximately 1.5 times more effective of the second regime in the fast pumping-out of nitrogen and air. The effect of the content of non-condensed He (From 0.15 to 0.63%) in the mixture with nitrogen on the operation of nitrogen cryopump is investigated. In the range of pressures from 100 to 5 kPa depending of the content in the mixture the quickness of pumping-out decreases from 3 to 20 times. Cyclic pumping-out of air and nitrogen by nitric cryopumps, cooled solid nitrogen in the pressure range of 13-1.3 kPa is investigated. The comparison of characteristics of known constructions of nitric cryopumps and new developments is done

[en] To explain the selection of parameters of vacuum systems of projected thermonuclear devices, experiments are performed on the pumping-out of deuterium and tritium by high-vacuum pumps of different types. The values of the fast response of turbomolecular, diffusion vapour-mercury, magneto-discharge and titanium getter pumps in the operation pressure range are determined. The rate of sorption of hydrogen isotopes by non-spraying gas absorber of cial alloy depending on the amount of the gas absorbed and temperature, is measured. Gas current is determined by the pressure drop on the diagram of the known conductivity. Individual calibration of manometric converters for different gases using a mercury burette is performed preliminarily. The means of high-vacuum pumping-out that have been studied have the following values of fast response for tritium (relatively to protium): turbomolecular pump-0.95; evaporation getter pump-0.25; magneto-discharge pumps-0.65-0.9; cial alloy-0.1...0.5

[en] Characteristics of the device for electron-beam melting for pumping-out the chamber by steam-oil, getter-ion and titanium sublimation pumps are given. The specta of pesidual gases of the device are given. The application of the combination system of pumping-out in the case of mutual ope-- ration of getter-ion and titanium sublimation pump permits to obtain the limiting pressure in the chamber before melting 2.3x10^-9 Hg. Melting of niobium of the NbSh make is performed. After two-fold electron-beam remelting the hardness of the metal reduces up to 41.0 kg/mm², the content of admixtures of the introduction is the following: oxygen-0.003, nitrogen-0.0009, carbon-0.003, hydrogen-0.008 mass%. It is shown that intensive gas discharge stops in the case of the secondary remelting after five-six minutes of exposure in the melted state

[en] For forevacuum cryocondensation pumps conic pumping-out elements are suggested. The range of pumping out of angles at the conic top optimum from the point of view of specific quickness. Conic pUmping-out elements with ducted and external cooling are created; the dUcted pumping-out element can serve as a module when creatipg forevacuum condensation pumps of different efficiency. Specific quicknesses of pumping-out these elements when cooling them with liquid neon are measured. It is shown that in the case of durable pumping-out in the liquid phase a considerable role is played by components of the air condensed in the solid phase. Solid condensate that appears on cryosurface is net completely removed by streaming liquid condensate and brings about the decrease in the specific quickness of pumping-out. It is shown that an appropriate choice of the method of treating the internal surface of pumping out element affect the specific quickness of pumping out. The method of treatment is suggested and experimentally tested which permits to increase the specific fastness of pumping out. Experiments on the condensation of nitrogen and air in the solid phase on the surface cooled by liquid neon under conditions of transition and viseous regimes of the flow of pumped-out gas, are performed. It is shown that a considerable effect during pumping-out under these conditions is played by the thickness of the condensate layer and the presence of non-condensed admixtures in the pumped-out gas. In this case the specific quickness of pumping-out is much less than maximum theoretical

[en] Achemes of magnetron, inverse-magnetron and magneto-discharge mass-spectrometers the sensitivity of which is 10³-10⁴ times higher than in existing devices are analysed. Current increase is achieved by using converting, cylindric beams between two coaxial cylinders for analysis. Theoretically considered are conditions for cutting-off the effect of inhomogeneity of the magnetic field that affect the resolution value in inverse-magnetron mass-spectrometers, as well as the distribution of charge density and electric field in magnetic discharge mass spectrometrs. The maximum application of high-current mass-spectrometers can be found in vacuum technology and as portable gas analyzers

[en] Results of developing linear accelerator of ions of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, neon element group up to 1 MeV/nucleon energy and 3x10¹⁴ part./s beam intensity are reported. The main parameters of such an accelerator and accelerated beam characteristics are presented and discussed. Ions of other elements with higher or lower mass numbers can be accelerated with a little bit lower intensity. The creation of such an accelerator has become possible due to two fundamental prerequisites proposed at the KhFTI, namely, to the development of an effective counter-aligning structure and the method of modified phase-variable focusing allowing one to increase the limiting currents of accelerated ions up to 50 mA in a pulse. 10 refs

[en] Tomography of an accelerated beam phase volume projection on the plane of vertical transverse deviations is based on recording the particle hitting on the edges of rectangular narrowings of a circular electron guide for the beam deflection after accelerator. It is thus possible to separate particles from arbitrary narrow bands of two-dimensional distributions on transverse deviation phase planes by means of calibrated change of magnetic fields in electron optics elements. The problem of experimental data processing is reduced to constructing particle two-dimensional distribution by the multitude of profile distribution along different directions on a phase plane. 2 refs.; 2 figs

[en] Experimental data on the optimization of linac injector operational modes are presented. Injection energy spread of no more than ±1.5% is allowed by the results of calculating the particle dynamics in the accelerator, the normalized beam emittance in the region of the accelerator inlet diaphragm of 6 mm in-diameter should not exceed 0.15 π cmxmrad under the value of injected proton beam current of about 50 mA. The main factors effecting the duoplasmatron-type source beam parameters are considered. To analyse the source operating modes diagrams are plotted in coordinates: discharge current -magnetic field induction, where lines corresponding to the fixed level of the parameter selected are presented. Source operating modes under which calculated requirements to the beam are achieved are determined. 3 refs.; 4 figs

[en] The report is devoted to the creation of experimental proton linac for 1.5 MeV energy and 0.4 A beam current. A brief description of the main systems of the accelerator is presented. The injector system provides for 100-130 keV injection energy and for the beams current at the resonator inlet up to 0.6 A. Adiabatic beam bunching in the increasing accelerating field is used in the accelerator. The beam acceleration is realized in the resonator with oncoming vibrators containing 40 accelerating gaps. 4 MV/m accelerating wave amplitude in a strong magnetic field is achieved in the resonator. The beam focusing is performed by a superconducting solenoid with the the maximum magnetic field induction of 7.6 T. 9 refs.; 2 figs

[en] Effect of magnetic field on electric strength of an accelerating structure is detected in a proton accelerator with the beam focusing by a superconducting solenoid. Investigation into achievable electric field intensity under external axial 0-0.85 T magnetic field is performed at a test bench. The object under investigation is a spiral resonator with two accelerating gaps. Drift tubes are made of copper and stainless steel. As a result of experimental works optimal methods for electrode surface training are selected. It is determined that under experimental conditions high elecrtic strength is achieved in the variant with copper electropolished electrodes. 3 refs.; 4 figs.; 2 tabs