[en] The contributions of this collective book, proposed by experts and researchers in sociology, philosophy, physics and chemistry, first address the issue of ancient uranium mines. The authors discuss the historical and patrimonial aspects related to these sites, the inventory activities, and of course the associated risk management. The second part deals with the choice of future electronuclear reactors while considering time scale issues for their reactions, their control, their wastes, and also by discussing the various envisaged social and technical processes involved in the decisions on reactors of fourth generation. The third part addresses the issue of long life wastes, and more precisely the ability of science to model the long term (radioactivity and the long term, time models and their limitations, sciences involved in the issue of radioactive waste storage), the issue of an eternal deposit of long life wastes, and the genesis of the notion of waste