Objectives. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a frequent extra-articular manifestation of RA
associated with increased mortality. High-resolution CT (HRCT) is used for diagnosis and follow-…

Musculoskeletal symptoms (articular, periarticular and muscular involvement, osteoporosis
and related fractures, and fibromyalgia) are the most common frequent extra-intestinal …

The response to treatment with biologic drugs, in patients with Crohn’s disease, could be
associated with changes in gut microbiota composition. The aim of our study was to analyse …

Background The close relationship between joints and gut inflammation has long been known
and several data suggest that dysbiosis could link spondyloarthritis (SpA) to inflammatory …

There are now five anti-TNF drugs available for clinical use, and it will not be long before
they are joined by biosimilar drugs. Some patients treated with selective TNF drugs may …

Introduction Alveolar haemorrhage (AH) is considered an important cause of morbidity and
early mortality in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)-associated vasculitides (AAV…

Objective. To provide a narrative review of the most recent data concerning the involvement
of the microbiome in the pathogenesis of connective tissue diseases (CTDs) and vasculitides…

Background: Tofacitinib (TOFA) was the first Janus kinase inhibitor (JAKi) to be approved for
the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, data on the retention rate of TOFA …

AntiTNF-α biosimilars are broadly available for the treatment of inflammatory arthritis. There
are a lot of data concerning the maintenance of clinical efficacy after switching from …

Background Tocilizumab is a monoclonal antibody directed against the interleukin-6 receptor,
which is approved for the treatment of moderate-to-severe rheumatoid arthritis. Authors …