South America

South America is the continent to the south of North America.^[1]^[2] These two continents are separated by the Panama Canal. There are seven continents which make up the globe, South America being the 4th largest. South America includes 13 countries and 6 dependencies: Argentina, Aruba (Netherlands), Bolivia, Bonaire (Netherlands), Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Curazao (Netherlands), Ecuador, Falkland Islands (United Kingdom), French Guiana (France), Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (United Kingdom), Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay and Venezuela.

South America is attached to Central America at the boundary of Panama.^[3] Geographically^[4] all of Panama – including the part east of the Panama Canal is usually included in North America alone,^[5]^[6]^[7] among the countries of Central America.^[8]^[9]

List of Countries

Official name(s)	Area (km2 or sq mi)	Population	Density (pop. km2)	Capital	Official language(s)
Argentina Argentine Republic	2,780,400 km² (1,073,500 sq mi)	46,621,847	16	Buenos Aires	Spanish
Aruba	180 km² (69 sq mi)	123,702	826	Oranjestad	Dutch
Bolivia Plurinational State of Bolivia	1,098,581 km² (424,164 sq mi)	12,186,079	11	Sucre	Spanish Quechua Aymara
Bonaire	288 km² (111 sq mi)	25,000	88	Kralendijk	Dutch
Brazil Federative Republic of Brazil	8,515,770 km² (3,287,960 sq mi)	218,689,757	17	Brasillia	Portuguese
Chile Republic of Chile	756,102 km² (291,933 sq mi)	18,549,457	22	Santiago	Spanish
Colombia Republic of Colombia	1,138,910 km² (439,740 sq mi)	49,336,454	23	Bogota	Spanish
Curaçao	444 km² (171 sq mi)	152,829	633	Williemstad	Dutch
Ecuador Republic of Ecuador	283,561 km² (109,484 sq mi)	17,483,326	44	Quito	Spanish
Falkland Islands	12,173 km² (4,700 sq mi)	3,662	0.3	Stanley	English
French Guiana	83,534 km² (32,253 sq mi)	306,632	4	Cayenne	French
Guyana Co-operative Republic of Guyana	214,969 km² (83,000 sq mi)	791,739	4	Georgetown	English
Paraguay Republic of Paraguay	406,752 km² (157,048 sq mi)	7,439,863	18	Asuncion	Spanish Guarani
Peru Republic of Peru	1,285,216 km² (496,225 sq mi)	32,440,172	17	Lima	Spanish Aymara
South Georgia and the South Ssndwich Islands	3,903 km² (1,507 sq mi)	43	0.01	King Edward Point	English
Suriname Republic of Suriname	163,820 km² (63,250 sq mi)	639,539	4	Paramaribo	Dutch
Trinidad and Tobago Republic of Trinidad and Tobago	5,128 km² (1,980 sq mi)	1,407,460	522	Port of Spain	English
Uruguay Republic of Uruguay	176,215 km² (68,037 sq mi)	3,416,264	33	Montevideo	Spanish
Venezuela Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela	912,050 km² (352,140 sq mi)	30,518,260	20	Caracas	Spanish

Natural resources

The soil in Argentina's Pampas is among the best in the world. Brazil's soil is very good for growing coffee.^[3] A great number of minerals have been found. Few, however, have been mined.^[3] Among those that were mined are iron, manganese, gold, and gemstones.^[3] The tropical forests are rich in valuable trees, like mahogany, ebony, and rubber.^[3] Oil is also a resource in some places.^[3]

Wildlife

South America is home to a large variety of animal life. These include animals such as jaguars, macaws, monkeys, anacondas, llamas, piranhas, toucans, rheas, tapirs, cougars, condors and chinchillas.

Tourist attractions

The most popular attractions are:

Machu Picchu, a historic site in Peru which is a city made of stone and has an over 26 mile marathon.
The Iguazu Falls, a waterfall on the border between Argentina and Brazil
The Angel Falls, the world's tallest waterfall, in Venezuela
Rio de Janeiro in Brazil is a huge city, famous for its extravagant (overly expensive) carnival, beaches (Copacabana and Ipanema), and 38m statue of Jesus Christ.
The Patagonia region in Argentina and Chile

The Amazon rain forest

The amazon rain forest is a moist grassy land where many wild animals live and contains the amazon river which is the 2nd longest river in the world and has the largest volume of water. The world's longest river is the Nile in Africa. The forest is known as a rain forest as it rains very often but due to the dense surroundings not every droplet reaches the bottom. The Amazon is shared by eight countries (Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana and Suriname) and stretches for 6.7 million kilometers². In the amazon rain forest, hundreds of thousands of trees have been cut down for wood and paper, meaning that the forest is endangered. Unlike the Boreial forest in Canada the trees are not getting replanted.

Related pages

References

↑ "South America Archived 2009-02-10 at the Wayback Machine, 6th ed. 2001–6. New York, Columbia University Press": "fourth largest continent ..., the southern of the two continents of the Western Hemisphere." Archived from the original Archived 2009-02-10 at the Wayback Machine 2009-02-10. Retrieved 2017-03-24
↑ "Countries in Latin America & the Caribbean". lanic.utexas.edu. Archived from the original on 11 March 2014. Retrieved 6 April 2010.
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 ^3.4 ^3.5 Koontz, Terri; Mark Sidwell, S.M.Bunke (June 2005). World Studies. Greenville, South Carolina 29614: Bob Jones University Press. ISBN 1-59166-431-4.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
↑ Cohen, Saul Bernard. 2003. "North and Middle America" (Ch. 5). Geopolitics of the World System (ISBN 0847699072)
↑ "Americas" Archived 2010-04-17 at the Wayback Machine Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications (M49), United Nations Statistics Division
↑ "The Atlas of Canada - North America". atlas.nrcan.gc.ca. Archived from the original on 21 October 2006. Retrieved 6 April 2010.
↑ "Atlas - Xpeditions @ nationalgeographic.com". nationalgeographic.com. Archived from the original on 25 May 2020. Retrieved 6 April 2010.
↑ "Panama" Archived 2015-05-02 at the Wayback Machine. Britannica Concise Encyclopedia
↑ Geography: Panama Archived 2020-05-09 at the Wayback Machine CIA World Factbook 2008.

[1] "South America Archived 2009-02-10 at the Wayback Machine, 6th ed. 2001–6. New York, Columbia University Press": "fourth largest continent ..., the southern of the two continents of the Western Hemisphere." Archived from the original Archived 2009-02-10 at the Wayback Machine 2009-02-10. Retrieved 2017-03-24

[2] "Countries in Latin America & the Caribbean". lanic.utexas.edu. Archived from the original on 11 March 2014. Retrieved 6 April 2010.

[world-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 ^3.4 ^3.5 Koontz, Terri; Mark Sidwell, S.M.Bunke (June 2005). World Studies. Greenville, South Carolina 29614: Bob Jones University Press. ISBN 1-59166-431-4.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)

[4] Cohen, Saul Bernard. 2003. "North and Middle America" (Ch. 5). Geopolitics of the World System (ISBN 0847699072)

[5] "Americas" Archived 2010-04-17 at the Wayback Machine Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications (M49), United Nations Statistics Division

[6] "The Atlas of Canada - North America". atlas.nrcan.gc.ca. Archived from the original on 21 October 2006. Retrieved 6 April 2010.

[7] "Atlas - Xpeditions @ nationalgeographic.com". nationalgeographic.com. Archived from the original on 25 May 2020. Retrieved 6 April 2010.

[8] "Panama" Archived 2015-05-02 at the Wayback Machine. Britannica Concise Encyclopedia

[9] Geography: Panama Archived 2020-05-09 at the Wayback Machine CIA World Factbook 2008.

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Countries and territories of South America
Independent	Argentina · Bolivia · Brazil · Chile · Colombia · Ecuador · Guyana · Paraguay · Peru · Suriname · Uruguay · Venezuela
Governed by other countries	Falkland Islands · French Guiana · South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands

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